A Technique for Examining the External Ear Canal in Standing Sedated Horses

In this study ultrasonography, local anesthesia, and endoscopy were performed in both ears of 23 horses. The aim was to find a reliable technique for examination of the external ear canal in standing sedated horses and to create a grading of debris and the occurrence of abnormalities in clinically healthy horses. Local blockage of the great and internal auricular nerves was performed after caudal palpation at the base of the ear and ultrasonographic assessment of the styloid process of the auricle as a reference point for the needle placement. The otoscopic examination was accomplished with two flexible video endoscopes with 2- and 7-mm tip diameters. The depth of the styloid process varied ultrasonographically from 2.08 to 2.73 cm on the left side and from 2.04 to 2.76 cm on the right side. Local anesthesia was successful in all sedated horses, without any long-term complications. The grading of endoscopic appearance of the skin, epithelium, and ceruminous and cell debris in the cartilaginous and osseous part including tympanic membrane of the equine external ear canal ranged from I to III. Abnormalities like osteoma, granuloma, hemorrhagic or erythematous areas, and narrowing of the osseous part of the external ear canal due to stenosis (exostosis) were seen in 10 of 23 horses. The tympanic membrane was visualized in 20 of 23 horses. Local blockage of the great and internal auricular nerves was found to be a reliable method for equine ear anesthesia.     

外源激素在大棚西瓜上的应用研究

对外源激素在大棚西瓜上的应用进行了较为系统的研究,结果如下:外源激素诱导西瓜子房发育的最佳时期为开花0d至花后1d,最佳处理方法为喷雾法,最佳处理次数为开花0d和花后1d各处理1次。中、早熟西瓜品种及在多肥田块,外源激素诱导效果较好。先授粉再进行激素处理,受精效果较好。     

多拉菌素对哈萨克羊外寄生虫的驱杀效果研究

[目的]探讨多拉菌素对哈萨克羊体外寄生虫的驱杀效果.[方法]将120只哈萨克羊随机分为多拉菌素低、中、高剂量组、伊维菌素组、杀虫油剂组和对照组等6组,每组20只,给药后1、3、7d观察绵羊血虱、颚虱、蜱蝇、痒螨、草原革蜱等蜘蛛昆虫的存活情况.[结果]多拉菌素中、高剂量组对哈萨克羊绵羊血虱、颚虱,羊蜱蝇、痒螨病的驱杀率均为100％,低剂量组杀灭效果为95％.伊维菌素剂量组的杀灭效果略低于多拉菌素剂量组,为90％.杀虫油剂组的杀灭效果最低,为85％.[结论]多拉菌素对哈萨克羊各种体外寄生虫的驱杀效率为100％,比伊维菌素强,比伊维菌素更安全,最佳剂量为0.2 mg/kg.应在养殖哈萨克羊的地区大面积推广应用.     

External economic benefits and social goods from prairie shelterbelts

Shelterbelts are a valuable resource to those who plant them and to other members of society. The external benefits to society can be worth as much as the private benefits to producers. However, the external benefits have not been quantified or monetized in a well-documented way. In this study, external benefits were estimated for tree seedlings distributed by the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Shelterbelt Centre in the Canadian Prairie Provinces for the period 1981–2001. Estimation of these benefits required information on the biophysical changes caused by shelterbelts and their valuation. Using literature, we estimated that the value of these external benefits amounted to over $140 million (2001 CDN$; CDN$1 = US$0.63). The majority of this value was derived from carbon sequestration ($73 million) and reduced soil erosion ($15 million) services with the remainder being contributed by biodiversity and water and air quality services. Other external benefits, such as health values, transportation safety, aesthetics and property values were identified but could not be estimated due to a lack of data. The estimated value for external benefits conferred by shelterbelts in this study indicates that they are large and suggests that both private and external benefits need to be considered in formulating policies or programs so that benefits to the society can be maximized.     

中国产业型金融控股集团发展模式研究

在节约交易费用、业务内部化以及支持集团产业的优势吸引下，一批产业型金融控股集团应运而生，但内部控制和外部监管的问题制约了产业型金融控股集团的进一步发展，因此，应借鉴国外产业型金融控股集团发展经验，完善以治理结构和资本充足为核心的内控机制，完善市场准入和监管模式，强化其外部监管。     

城乡统筹背景下农村女干部素质提升途径探析——以重庆市为例

根据农村女干部的工作任务,提出在重庆城乡统筹背景下农村女干部应当具备的素质。建议从外部帮助和内部提升两方面共同提升重庆农村女干部的综合素质。     

生物柴油掺烧乙醇的减烟试验分析

在生物柴油-柴油混合燃油中添加一定比例燃料乙醇应用于压燃式发动机的外特性和负荷特性试验,研究分析混合燃油中添加一定比例乙醇在不影响发动机动力性和经济性的前提下对减烟排放的影响,为混合燃油的优化控制提供基础。     

GC-TOFMS外标法测定烟丝中烟碱含量

[目的]探讨GC-TOFMS外标法测定烟丝中烟碱含量的优选条件,建立一种快速测定烟碱的方法。[方法]采用GC-TOFMS外标法测定烟丝中烟碱含量,分别对萃取溶剂、萃取方式、时间进行优化。[结果]GC-TOFMS外标法测定烟丝中烟碱的最优溶剂是45 ml乙醇+5 ml 0.1%乙酸水溶液,振荡萃取,时间45 min。烟碱含量与峰面积比具有良好的线性关系,其相关系数r=0.996 6,烟碱的RSD为1.17%～1.54%(n=6),平均回收率为98.59%～101.03%。[结论]该方法准确、可靠,运用该方法能快速测定烟丝中的烟碱。     

居住小区外部绿地景观设计探讨

通过对不同居住小区外部环境的实地调查,认为居住小区外部绿地作为小区绿化的重要组成部分,能够在突出绿化和美化效果、满足人性化设计需求、体现个性化的景观特点方面发挥作用,对于整个小区景观环境质量有较大的影响。针对居住小区外部绿地景观在设计中存在的部分问题进行了分析,主要从植物配置方式、景观表现效果、景观差异性等方面展开讨论,并且就以上问题提出了相应的改进意见和建议,认为小区外部绿地应完善植物配置形式,提高景观的文化内涵,做到以人为本,合理组织空间。以期对小区外部环境的营造有一定的参考作用。