Toxicity Testing of Senna occidentalis Seed in Rabbits

The effect was investigated of administering ground Senna occidentalis seeds to rabbits in different concentrations (1%, 2%, 3% and 4%) in the ration. The experiment lasted 30 days and the toxic effects of the plant were evaluated on the basis of weight gain, histopathological, biochemical and morphometric parameters, as well as histochemistry and electron microscopy. Animals that received the ration containing 4% ground S. occidentalis seeds gained less weight (p<0.05) and died in the third week. Histopathology revealed that the heart and liver were the main organs affected, with myocardial necrosis and centrolobular degeneration. There was a reduction in cytochrome oxidase activity in the glycogenolytic fibres, together with muscle atrophy, confirmed by the morphometric studies. Electron microscopy of the liver cells revealed dilated mitochondria, with destruction of the internal cristae.     

家蚕病原性微孢子虫极丝蛋白的研究

从家蚕微孢子虫 (Nosemabombycis,简称N .b)和蓝萤叶甲微孢子虫 (MPa)中抽提了极丝蛋白 (PTP) ,进行SDS PAGE分析。并选择性分离、纯化了N .b孢子中主要极丝蛋白 ,经氨银染色法鉴定其纯度较纯。将N .b孢子中该主要极丝蛋白免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体 ,用酶联免疫法 (ELISA)测定其效价 ,滴度为 1∶10 2 40 0。利用制得的抗体进行胶体金标记免疫电镜定位观察 ,发现所纯化蛋白确实存在于极丝上。     

鸡马立克氏病外周血液淋巴细胞扫描电镜观察

应用扫描电镜技术，对健康和人工感染马立克氏病雏鸡外周血液淋巴细胞形态对比观察结果表明：健康雏鸡外周血液淋巴细胞形态和哺乳动物的相似，但缺乏典型的绒毛型型淋巴细胞；接种马立克氏病强毒后３０～４０天，外周血液淋巴细胞几乎全是光滑型淋巴细胞；说明马立克氏病毒对鸡外周血液淋巴细胞有一定的损伤作用。     

On the ultrastructure of epithelial cells in bile ducts of cattle chronically infected with fasciola hepatica

This paper describes briefly the normal ultrastructure of bile-duct epithelial cells in cattle and the main ultrastructural alterations produced in them by chronic infection with Fasciola hepatica. The studies showed only inconsiderable abnormalities in the ultrastructure of the epithelium in infections of a low degree as also during the recovery phase of the disease. On the other hand, in heavily infected livers pronounced ultrastructural alterations were seen in the surface epithelium of the main intrahepatic bile ducts invaded by the flukes. In such areas the intercellular spaces were filled with dense homogeneous material, and intact desmosomes and junctional complexes were not regularly seen, which indicates that foreign material may leak into the bile. The extracellular material was probably composed of albumin, and the significance of the present results regarding the etiology of hypoalbuminaemia during chronic fascioliasis is discussed.     

Experimental Post-Traumatic Lung Insufficiency in Dogs: Gross and Light Microscopic Lung Lesions

Post-traumatic lung insufficiency in dogs was induced by a combination of haemorrhagic hypotension and liver trauma. In one experimental group, lung biopsies were sampled every 4 h. This paper describes the development of gross and light microscopic lunig changes in these dogs, and the lung lesions 12 h after initiation of the trauma in another experimental group. Incipient changes were recognized as early as 4 h after initiation of the trauma. Perivascular and intraseptal oedema, scattered microthrombi, and trapping of leucocytes in lung microvessels were the most conspicuous morphological findings. These changes grew gradually more pronounced towards collapse, when also areas with interstitial haemorrhages, intra-alveolar protein-rich oedema fluid with strands of a fibrinoid material, and an increased number of partly degenerated leucocytes were found in addition to atelectasis.The morphological lung lesions in this experimental model are similar to post-traumatic shock lungs in human patients.     

猪附红细胞体电镜特点及药物治疗效果的电镜观察

近年来,国内外很多关于猪附红细胞体病诊断与防治的文章,但对猪附红细胞体本身形态学报道的文章却很少.本实验对猪附镜下的各形态、大小以及感染强度作了较详细的描述.球形、环形、圆盘形为E.suis的主要形态,体形较大的E.suis以芽苞生殖进行繁殖,感染强度随着病情的发展而呈现波浪形态变化.对致病机制作了进一步的阐述,在急性阶段,附红细胞体病会引起由一种经冷凝素IgM来介导的或与之相关的自身免疫溶血性贫血.最终结合电镜观察临床药物治疗效果,长效土霉素、贝尼尔在防治猪附红体病有一定的疗效.     

利用花粉粒形态分析法研究桃种质资源的进化关系

通过对桃5个野生近缘种、46份普通桃种质资源进行花粉粒电镜扫描,分析花粉粒之间形态特征的差异,研究光核桃、蟠桃、碧桃等种质资源在桃起源和演化中的地位。结果表明,光核桃花粉粒的形态呈椭圆球形,其外壁纹饰呈简单的直纹平行型,无穿孔,是最原始的桃亚属植物野生种,未发现与栽培种有直接的关系。在普通桃的地方品种中,西北油蟠桃、华北碧桃、垂枝桃、矮化桃等种质资源的花粉粒外壁纹饰均为直纹,有少量穿孔或不明显穿孔,说明蟠桃、碧桃、垂枝桃、矮化桃应属于较为原始的种质类型。供试材料的花粉粒形状以椭圆形为主,且首次发现哈太雷品种的花粉粒呈为圆球形。     

不同透明度水稻籽粒横断面扫描电镜分析

【目的】探索单淀粉粒断面观察方法,并阐明稻米透明度与直链淀粉含量的关系以及造成稻米透明度下降的淀粉结构基础。【方法】采用扫描电镜对经过不同处理的具有不同透明度的籼稻和粳稻胚乳横断面进行淀粉粒结构观察研究。【结果】籼稻和粳稻稻米的透明度在直链淀粉含量低于15%的软米中明显下降。通过比较不同籽粒横断面断开方式,发现直接机械断裂法无法断开单个淀粉粒,机械断裂加玻璃刀刮刻法可以断开单个淀粉粒但断面结构变形且无法定量分析。液氮脆断法可以观察到单个断裂的淀粉粒以及其中的空腔。比较籼稻和粳稻胚乳横断面淀粉粒的排列方式和单个淀粉粒内部结构,表明所有品种稻米胚乳淀粉粒均规则且紧凑排列,但所有暗胚乳稻米籽粒横断面中淀粉粒内部存在明显的空腔且糯稻淀粉粒空腔的数目和大小均明显高于暗胚乳稻米。进一步通过梯度烘干实验,证明稻米淀粉粒中的空腔数目和大小随着水分的降低而增多和变大。【结论】液氮直接脆断法是观察水稻单个淀粉粒断面的有效方法。稻米透明度与胚乳淀粉粒的排列紧密程度无关而与稻米的含水量以及单个淀粉粒中间的气腔数目和大小直接相关。此外,直链淀粉含量越低,淀粉粒中间的空腔数目越多,孔径越大。