细胞生物学实验教学中“节能减排”方法的探讨

细胞生物学实验对有毒、有害试剂及材料的使用量大,产生实验垃圾量大,是教学实验室中的污染大户。为在实验教学中做到＂节能减排＂,采取了以下措施：将环保素质教育引入实验教学中;制定有效管理考查措施,强化学生在实验中的环保意识;在实验设计、组配、准备和学生实施操作等的每个细节中做到精心设计,少用少排。多年的实践表明这种方法行之有效,不仅可减少细胞生物学实验中对药品、水电等的消耗,同时还可大大减少实验垃圾的产生量。     

伪钝绥螨对北方环境条件适应性的研究

伪钝绥螨在11.23～36℃的温度范围内均能正常生长,但在30℃以上产卵量降低一半.相对湿度70%以上是其生育的适宜湿度,低湿度下卵的孵化率低,是影响成活率的主要原因.但低湿度并不影响卵的胚胎发育,而是阻碍幼螨的孵化,只要在卵期的最后7～10小时有适宜的湿度,仍有很高的孵化率.该螨取食山楂叶螨或朱砂叶螨均能正常生育,取食苹果、桃的花粉,其产卵量和发育速度与取食叶螨无显著差异.根据伪钝绥螨对环境的要求及我国北方苹果园的生态条件,作者认为有可能在渤海湾一带的苹果产区定居,并能对害螨发挥较好的控制作用.     

中国大陆沿海地区互花米草生长特征及其对环境因子的响应

本研究实地调查了中国大陆沿海地区天津汉沽至广东雷州37个样地的互花米草生长特征,采用回归分析、地理探测器以及冗余分析,探究自然状态下中国大陆沿海地区互花米草生长特征及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明：互花米草生长特征存在显著的纬度梯度差异,株高随纬度的增加先升高后降低(P<0.001),21.44°N株高最低(54cm),36.12°N株高最高(250cm);种群密度和地上生物量随纬度的增加均呈先降低后升高趋势;互花米草具有较高的可塑性,年平均气温、一月最低气温、七月最高气温以及海水盐度是影响互花米草生长特征的主要环境因子;海水盐度在与纬度交互作用下对互花米草空间分异解释力最高(q>0.65)。自然状态下互花米草受多种环境因子调控,较强的可塑性是互花米草成功入侵的关键因素。     

闽江流域中下游特殊地段防护林营造技术的探讨

探讨了闽江流域中下游防护林营造技术 ,结果表明 ,根据地理、水文、气候、社会经济等因子的差异 ,因地制宜采取相应工程造林技术措施 ,对促进特殊区域防护林的营造成功是切实可行的     

兴凯湖地区东方白鹳迁徙动态及其停歇地环境条件研究

于2002年3～5月、9～11月对途经黑龙江省兴凯湖自然保护区的东方白鹳种群数量和停歇地环境条件进行研究的结果表明：东方白鹳春季迁徙的首见期3月5日，末见期4月10日，迁徒持续期5～7天，大多作1～3天的短暂停留后便继续北飞。秋季东方白鹳在9月15日至10月5日陆续迁到，11月上旬迁离，迁徙持续期35～60天，停歇期达35～60天。东方白鹳迁徙活动受风速、气温、降雨等天气影响。喜栖湿草甸、浅水湖泡及湖泡中的“塔头”。取食鱼类，两栖、爬行动物及鼠类，且以鱼类食为主。本文提出了进一步研究和保持东方白鹳迁徙停歇地的措施。     

当代木材加工技术发展态势

从木材高效利用、木基复合材料、高新技术应用和环境保护等四个方面论述了当代木材加工技术的发展态势。     

Habitat selection of Guizhou golden monkey （Phinopithecus roxellanae brelichi）in Fanjing Mountain Biosphere Reserve, China

Guizhou golden monkey (Phinopithecus roxellanae brelichi) is a peculiar, rare and endangered species. It is distributed most narrowly and requires a rigorous habitat. In this study the habitats of Guizhou Golden Monkey were divided into three habitats: most suitable habitats, suitable habitats and marginally suitable habitats. The characteristics of the vegetation community, environmental factors and extreme environmental factors in the three habitats were systematically analyzed. The seasonal activity rule, activity area and the food characteristic of Guizhou golden monkey were also study at the same time. The results indicate that the evergreen and deciduous broadleaf mixed forest is the optimal living vegetation community for Guizhoug olden Monkey, and the suitable annual temperature is 8-15℃, the extremely lowest temperature is -2.5℃, the extremely highest temperature is 25℃, and the optimal living altitude is 1500-1700 m. In the same area, the higher the vegetation diversitythe more suitable it is for the life of Guizhou golden monkey. Temperature and food are the main habitat factors in determining the activity scope of the guizhou golden monkey community. The Altitude, temperature and the characteristics of the vegetation community are the main limitina factors for habitat selection.     

The North American long-term soil productivity experiment: Findings from the first decade of research

First decade findings on the impacts of organic matter removal and soil compaction are reported for the 26 oldest installations in the nation-wide network of long-term soil productivity sites. Complete removal of surface organic matter led to declines in soil C concentration to 20 cm depth and to reduced nutrient availability. The effect is attributed mainly to the loss of the forest floor. Soil C storage seemed undiminished, but could be explained by bulk density changes following disturbance and to decomposition inputs of organic C from roots remaining from the harvested forest. Biomass removal during harvesting had no influence on forest growth through 10 years. Soil compaction effects depended upon initial bulk density. Soils with densities greater than 1.4 Mg m⁻³ resisted compaction. Density recovery was slow, particularly on soils with frigid temperature regimes. Forest productivity response to soil compaction depended both on soil texture and the degree of understory competition. Production declined on compacted clay soils, increased on sands, and generally was unaffected if an understory was absent.     

福建省森林生态环境保护与发展对策

分析了福建省森林生态环境建设现状、问题 ,提出福建省森林生态环境保护与发展的指导思想、遵循原则、总体布局以及保障措施 ,供有关部门决策参考。     

樊净山自然保护区黔金丝猴生境选择的研究

适宜的生境是珍稀濒危生物生存的决定性条件,对珍稀濒危生物生境的系统研究是生物多样性保护的前提。金丝猴是中国特有并且珍稀的濒危物种,黔金丝猴又是三种金丝猴中分布最为狭窄、对生境要求最为苛刻的一种。本文从黔金丝猴的最佳适宜生境、适宜生境和较适宜生境三个生境选择方面对生境内植物群落特征、环境因子、极端环境因子等进行了系统分析,对黔金丝猴的季节活动规律、活动区域和食物特点进行了系统的研究。结果表明常绿针阔混交林是黔金丝猴的最佳生存的植被群落,其最适宜的年均温度为8～15C,极端最低温度为-2.5C,极端最高温度为25C,最适宜生存的海拔高度为1500～1700m。在同一区域,植物多样性越多,越适宜黔金丝猴的生存。温度和食物是决定黔金丝猴种群活动范围大小的主要生境因子,海拔高度、植被群落特征、温度是黔金丝猴对生境选择的主要限制因子。图3表3参16。