CUDC-907 induces DNA damage and autophagy in glioma cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of CUDC-907, a dual histone deacetylase (HDAC) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, on the DNA damage, cell cycle distribution and autophagy in human glioma U251 cells. METHODS:U251 cells were treated with CUDC-907 of different concentrations, and the cell viability was detected by MTT assay. The quantitative γ-H2AX foci were determined by laser scanning confocal microscopy. The cell cycle distribution of U251 cells was examined by flow cytometry. The protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS:CUDC-907 inhibited the cell viability and the phosphorylation of Akt and p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70s6K) in the U251 cells (P<0.05). In CUDC-907-treated cells, the number of γ-H2AX foci and protein expression of γ-H2AX were increased significantly (P<0.05). CUDC-907 also induced cell arrest in the G₂/M phase by up-regulating the expression of p21, and inhibiting the protein level of cyclin B1 and the phosphorylation of cell division cycle protein 2 (Cdc2). In addition, CUDC-907 triggered cell autophagy, and inhibition of autophagy increased CUDC-907-induced DNA damage of U251 cells. CONCLUSION:CUDC-907 significantly inhibits PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, induces DNA damage and arrests cell cycle in G₂/M phase. Blockage of autophagy promotes CUDC-907-induced DNA damage of U251 cells.     

Salvianolate attenuates oxidative stress injury of human endothelial EA.hy926 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide

AIM: To investigate the effect of salvianolate on oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in human endothelial EA.hy926 cells.METHODS: EA.hy926 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into the following groups:control group, damage group, and anti-damage groups (salvianolate+damage groups). The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The migration ability of the EA.hy926 cells was detected by Transwell assay. The content of nitric oxide (NO) in the culture supernatant of the EA.hy926 cells was examined. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by ELISA. The apoptosis,mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular superoxide anion content of the EA.hy926 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein levels of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, NF-κB and p53 were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with damage group, the viability of EA.hy926 cells pretreated with salvianolate at different concentrations was significantly increased (P<0.05). The apoptotic rate was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Savianolate enhanced the migration ability of the cells. The levels of VEGF, NO and mitochondrial transmembrane potential were increased (P<0.05), and the intracellular ROS level was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The protein levels of NF-κB, p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were significantly decreased, and the protein level of Bcl-2 was markedly increased(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Savianolate reduces the damage of EA.hy926 cells by hydrogen peroxide exposure, and its mechanism may be related to the blocking of NF-κB signaling pathway.     

不同种植年限对菜地土壤结构的影响

为了探究不同种植年限对菜地土壤结构的影响情况,为土壤培肥提出切实可行的方法,采用萨维诺夫法分析了重庆市九龙坡区白市驿镇蔬菜基地种植1年、5年、10年的菜地土壤团聚体的组成情况及其差异。结果表明：水稳性团聚体含量以及稳定性在不同种植年限土壤间存在较大差异。对于0~20 cm土层土壤,1~0.25 mm、>3 mm和>5 mm水稳性团聚体含量均表现为1年>5年>10年,20~40 cm土层也存在类似变化。表明随着种植年限的增加,各土层土壤水稳性团聚体含量逐渐降低。对于0~20 cm土层,1年土壤>0.25 mm团聚体平均破坏率为27.78%,5年和10年土壤>0.25 mm团聚体平均破坏率分别高达49.86%、58.74%;对于各种植年限土壤20~40 cm土层也存在相同的趋势。说明随着种植年限的增加,土壤团聚体破坏率增高,土壤结构稳定性降低。相关分析表明,土壤有机质含量与种植年限、平均破坏率呈显著负相关（相关系数分别为-0.880*、-0.897*、n=6）,与>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量、>3 mm水稳性团聚体含量、>5 mm水稳性团聚体含量、3~1 mm水稳性团聚体含量、1~0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量呈显著正相关（相关系数分别为0.897*、0.868*、0.859*、0.835*、0.829*、n=6）,土壤团聚体MWD与>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量之间达到极显著正相关（相关系数为0.985**,n=6）。说明随着种植年限增加,土壤有机质含量降低,水稳性团聚体含量增加,平均破坏率逐渐增加。>0.25 mm的水稳性团聚体含量越多,土壤平均重量直径(MWD)值越大,土壤团聚体稳定性越强。有机质含量是影响研究区紫色土土壤水稳性团聚体含量及稳定性的主要因素。     

不同土层灌水对苹果幼苗抗氧化还原系统的影响

基于盆栽试验,研究了不同深度滴灌对植株膜伤害和抗氧化酶的影响。结果表明,自然干旱和2/3土层灌水处理叶片丙二醛和抗氧化酶活性较高,植株受旱;2/3土层供水、1/3土层供水和表层供水叶片丙二醛和抗氧化酶活性较自然干旱低,植株生长较好;同一处理灌水根区域的根系抗氧化酶活性较低。适宜苹果幼苗生长的灌水处理为表层供水和1/3土层供水。     

地下管道震害评估方法研究

目前地下管道的震害预测评价方法大多需要管线本身的较为精细的力学参数,而在实际的城市管网震害评估工作中此类参数并不容易获取.为了简化地下管道震害评价方法,本文基于层次分析法和数理统计耦合算法,提出了一种简化的地下管道震害评估方法—管道破坏度指数法,将该方法应用于某城市的地下管道震害评估工作并对该市7度、8度、9度地震时的地下管道震害评估进行了分析,与应用传统方法对比显示计算结果基本一致,验证了本文方法的确实可行和有效性.由于本文方法只选取影响地下管道破坏的典型因素,不仅大大简化了数据收集的工作,增加了工作效率,同时也保证了实际操作的可行性.     

试论生态效益在水土保持中的地位

本文用归纳法从理论和实践两个方面分析论述了水土保持生态、经济、社会效益之间的关系和地位。作者认为生态效益是经济效益的前提和基础;经济效益是生态效益的体现和保障;而社会效益则是随前两者的产生而产生。三者之中,生态效益是第一位的。     

施肥模型研究综述

对施肥模型和参数研究的历史、现状和趋势进行了综述,并指出今后定量施肥研究的关键问题。     

农田长期生态过程的长期试验研究进展与展望

长期试验是研究农田长期生态过程及其环境效应和调控措施的重要手段.本文综述了国际上重要农业长期试验的研究发展趋势,分析了农业长期试验的重要作用,然后分析了国内农业长期试验网的发展现状,提出了未来发展的建议.农业长期试验的发展主要表现在长期农业生态和环境过程的研究领域不断扩展、长期试验成为多学科交叉研究平台和应用研究平台.国内建立了两个主要的农业长期试验网络,重点开展了水分和养分的长期试验.目前农业长期试验网络需要在区域尺度上加强农业、环境和生物科学的交叉研究;扩展试验地面积,完善试验设计;完善分析测试方法和样品、数据的保存系统.国家需要制定和实施稳定农业长期试验研究的管理和经费支持政策.     

基于MODIS遥感数据和GIS的山东省生态环境状况评价

本文利用山东省MODIS遥感影像,以监督分类方法进行了土地利用／覆被分类,通过GIS的空间分析功能提取出生物丰度指数、植被覆盖指数、水网密度指数、土地退化指数、环境质量指数等评价信息,利用构建的生态环境状况指数（EI）模型,进行了山东省生态环境状况的评价。研究结果表明,山东省生态环境状况整体较好,优、良面积占总面积的61．1％,但同时存在环境污染、土地退化、水资源短缺等问题,生态环境较差、差的面积占16．2％。该研究探索了MODIS数据和GIS技术相结合的生态环境状况评价方法,对区域生态环境的保护和改善具有积极意义。     

线虫群落结构对外源添加不同浓度铜污染物的响应

通过盆栽模拟试验的方法研究外源添加铜对土壤线虫群落结构的影响,试验添加Cu浓度分别为50 mg kg-1,100 mg kg-1,200 mg kg-1,400 mg kg-1干土和不施加污染物的对照处理,在小麦的生长关键期取样。试验结果表明:线虫不同营养类群对铜污染物的响应在小麦拔节期比较明显,拔节期捕食/杂食线虫的数量在外源添加400 mg kg-1Cu处理中显著低于对照,而不同浓度铜对食细菌线虫和食真菌线虫的影响则表现为低浓度促进高浓度抑制。线虫的生态指数对不同浓度铜污染物反映比较敏感,在小麦苗期和拔节期,与对照相比,不同浓度铜处理中线虫多样性降低,而优势度增加;自由生活线虫成熟度指数对不同浓度铜反映相对滞后,只在小麦成熟期表现出差异,即高浓度铜处理中线虫成熟度指数显著低于对照。