运用致病毒素筛选抗烟草黑胫病细胞突变体Ⅱ 抗毒素愈伤组织的再生植株及其后代的抗病性鉴定

用黑胫病粗毒素作为选择压力, 结合辐射诱变技术, 从烟草花粉植株叶片的愈伤组织中筛选出抗毒素的愈伤组织, 并对其再生植株及其 Ｍ２ 代进行抗病性鉴定、选育． 目前已获得６ 个高抗黑胫病的细胞突变株系, 且抗病性状表现稳定, 并建立了一套烤烟抗黑胫病突变体的筛选和鉴定体系． 研究结果表明, 在细胞水平上筛选抗病突变体是开发新抗源的有效途径．     

傅立叶变换红外光谱技术对2种葡萄球菌的快速分类鉴定

[目的]建立金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌2种菌的傅立叶变换红外光谱数据库及FT-IT分类鉴定方法。[方法]应用FT-IR技术对2种葡萄球菌进行指纹图谱数据采集,应用化学计量学分析方法对光谱进行分析。[结果]建立2种葡萄球菌的标准FT-IR光谱数据库,用于FT-IR技术对2种可疑目标葡萄球菌进行鉴定;建立一种基于主成分分析的聚类分析模型,可成功地区分2种葡萄球菌。[结论]傅立叶变换红外光谱分析方法简便、快速、易操作,结果重现性好,是一种区分金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌的有效方法。     

不同品种紫花苜蓿愈伤组织及分化体系的建立

[目的]建立不同品种紫花苜蓿的愈伤组织及分化体系。[方法]以4个品种的无菌苗子叶为外植体,研究不同的激素浓度及基因型对紫花苜蓿胚性愈伤组织诱导及分化的影响。[结果]4个品种诱导形成的愈伤组织差别不大;最佳胚性愈伤组织诱导培养基为改良SH+2,4-D 2 mg/L+KT 0.05 mg/L;苜蓿王的分化率和出苗率表现较佳;最佳分化培养基为改良SH+KT 0.4 mg/L。[结论]该试验为今后筛选易分化的苜蓿品种和研究"转基因苜蓿疫苗"奠定了基础。     

小麦成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导及分化

以4个基因型不同的小麦品种成熟胚为外植体进行离体培养,研究不同质量浓度2,4-D对愈伤组织诱导的影响;以陕253为外植体研究不同KT与NAA配比对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织分化的影响.愈伤组织培养基中2,4-D质量浓度为2～4 mg/L时,小麦成熟胚愈伤组织出愈率最高,品质最好.小麦对水分敏感程度与成熟胚愈伤组织的出愈率及品质...     

Allozyme Variation of Picea abies in Poland

The aim of this study was to determine the levels and patterns of allozyme variation among 29 populations of Norway spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst.] from Poland. Thirteen investigated isoenzyme systems were encoded by 27 gene loci and, on average, 71% of the loci per population were polymorphic. The average and effective numbers of alleles per locus were 2.17 and 1.26, respectively, while the expected heterozygosity was 0.156. A relatively low allozyme differentiation among populations from north-eastern and southern Poland was observed ( F ST = 0.028, mean genetic distance D = 0.005). The results suggest that historical events and extensive gene flow played an important role in the distribution of the observed allozyme differentiation of Norway spruce in Poland.     

北美蓝云杉愈伤组织的诱导和培养

以北美蓝云杉休眠芽、针叶、嫩茎为外植体,用0.1%HgCl2处理10～15 min消毒效果最好.在1/2LM 2,4-D(0.5～3.0mg/L以下单位相同) 6-BA(1.0～2.0)条件下,均能诱导出愈伤组织,休眠芽诱导率最高为77.36%.且以休眠芽诱导的愈伤组织在1/2LM NAA(0.5) 6-BA(1.0) IBA(0.1)能分化出少量针叶和芽.针叶和茎产生的愈伤组织增殖困难,继代培养后很快褐化.     

老芒麦幼穗的分化过程

在河北省承德市鱼儿山牧场中国农业大学科技攻关实验站 ,以生长二年的老芒麦为试验材料 ,研究不同生长时期老芒麦植株幼穗的分化规律。试验结果表明 ,老芒麦幼穗分化过程中茎尖生长锥出现一系列的形态变化 ,并根据分化的特征将其分为初生期、伸长期、结节期、二棱期、小穗突起期、颖片突起期、小花突起期和雌雄蕊形成期 8个时期     

Impact of source tissue and ex vivo expansion on the characterization of goat mesenchymal stem cells

Background

There is considerable interest in using goats as models for genetically engineering dairy animals and also for using stem cells as therapeutics for bone and cartilage repair. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated and characterized from various species, but are poorly characterized in goats.

Results

Goat MSCs isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (ASCs) have the ability to undergo osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Cytochemical staining and gene expression analysis show that ASCs have a greater capacity for adipogenic differentiation compared to BM-MSCs and fibroblasts. Different methods of inducing adipogenesis also affect the extent and profile of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs. Goat fibroblasts were not capable of osteogenesis, hence distinguishing them from the MSCs. Goat MSCs and fibroblasts express CD90, CD105, CD73 but not CD45, and exhibit cytoplasmic localization of OCT4 protein. Goat MSCs can be stably transfected by Nucleofection, but, as evidenced by colony-forming efficiency (CFE), yield significantly different levels of progenitor cells that are robust enough to proliferate into colonies of integrants following G418 selection. BM-MSCs expanded over increasing passages in vitro maintained karyotypic stability up to 20 passages in culture, exhibited an increase in adipogenic differentiation and CFE, but showed altered morphology and amenability to genetic modification by selection.

Conclusions

Our findings provide characterization information on goat MSCs, and show that there can be significant differences between MSCs isolated from different tissues and from within the same tissue. Fibroblasts do not exhibit trilineage differentiation potential at the same capacity as MSCs, making it a more reliable method for distinguishing MSCs from fibroblasts, compared to cell surface marker expression.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2049-1891-6-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

农民非农就业对加剧广东劳动力市场分化的影响

劳动力被划分到不同的市场中去,是科学技术和社会经济发展的客观需要。农民工作为一支不可忽视的就业力量,参与了社会经济活动,创造了财富和价值,但绝大部分农民工仍然陷于贫困境地并趋于贫困永久化。应当尽快改变这种局面,使农民工能真正走出贫困,缓减劳动力市场分化的负面影响。