Influence of growth ring angle,adhesive system and viscosity on the shear strength of adhesive bonds

Abstract

To investigate the influence of growth ring angle, adhesive system and viscosity on the bonding properties of adhesive bonds, shear tension tests according to DIN EN 302-1 (2004) were conducted using one-component moisture-curing polyurethane, polyvinylacetate and urea-formaldehyde. Significant differences between the systems could be detected, which were reflected in the predominant failure behaviour for each system. Specimens showing wood failure were influenced mainly by the wood factors, whereas samples which had failed in the adhesive part of the bond differed only in the adhesive properties. The growth ring angle showed the same tendencies as it does in plain wood. Therefore, to gain more information on the adhesive performance in the bond, a loading along the LT plane seems more appropriate for beech wood used in DIN EN 302-1 (2004).     

Fibril angle variability in earlywood of Norway spruce using soft rot cavities and polarization confocal microscopy

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the variability of the fibril angle of tracheids in earlywood of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.). Polarization confocal microscopy was chosen and compared with the method utilizing the orientation of soft rot cavities. There was a significant correlation between the soft rot and polarization confocal microscopy methods, which showed the same trend of high fibril angles in the first part of the earlywood followed by a decrease toward the end of earlywood. This declining trend was less pronounced in annual rings containing compression wood. Moreover, large variations in fibril angle occurred between neighboring tracheids. The investigation also emphasized the differences between X-ray diffraction and microscopic methods, as the large variation seen by the latter methods is not seen by the X-ray diffraction approach because of its large area of measurement. No correlation was found between fiber morphology (i.e., average length, width, density) and the average fibril angle in the investigated annual rings.     

南京郊区典型人工林分空间结构及间伐响应

采用混交度、大小比数、角尺度等林分空间分布格局参数分析了南京市郊区3种不同人工林的空间结构特征。结果表明,马尾松与杉木的混交林分平均混交度达0.61,接近较强度混交,群落的组成较复杂。而间伐前杉木林和麻栎林的混交度较小,分别为混交度为0.25和0.15,处于较弱度混交以下,群落组成较简单。马尾松与杉木混交林和麻栎林混交的平均角尺度分别为0.50和0.49,处于随机分布状态,而间伐前杉木林的林分平均角尺度为0.55,林内所有树种均属于聚集分布状态。马尾松与杉木混交林、麻栎林和间伐前杉木林的平均大小比数分别为0.61,0.5和0.54。在麻栎林中,麻栎的生长占较优势状态;在间伐前杉木林和马尾松与杉木混交林中,马尾松生长占绝对优势。杉木林间伐2 a后,林分的平均混交度由0.25上升到0.38,达到了较弱度混交以上,而林分的平均角尺度和平均大小比数变化不明显。     

我国人造板用胶粘剂发展浅议

胶粘剂在我国木材工业中占有举足轻重的作用，人造板行业胶粘剂的消耗量是十分可观的。针对当前我国胶粘剂行业存在的一些问题，提出了一些意见及建议，并对胶粘剂的发展趋势进行了探讨。     

基于反射光谱的山核桃幼苗氮素营养状况分析

山核桃(Carya cathayensis)是世界著名的干果之一,也是重要的木本油料作物,其油味清香、营养丰富,是优良的休闲保健食品.山核桃长期以来产量不稳、大小年现象明显,通过肥水管理、病虫害防治等有效管理措施,大部分产区大小年现象都明显趋缓,产量逐年上升(黎章矩,2003).我国山核桃研究起步较晚,在其营养方面的研究甚少.     

焊接温度对木塑窗扇热熔焊接强度的影响分析

利用四位热熔焊接机对木塑窗扇进行热熔焊接实验,所用窗扇型材是由36%的塑粉（PE）、60%的木粉及偶联剂、抗氧化剂等挤出而成。在焊接过程中,影响热熔焊接强度因素较多,本次试验重点考察焊接温度对窗角焊接的影响。在完成焊接后,通过对木塑窗扇角强度的测试,进行单因素方差分析,并观察焊接接口,结果证明温度对焊接强度具有显著的影响,在240~280℃范围内可实现该木塑窗型材的焊接,理想焊接温度为260℃左右。     

旋转编码器在回转体回转角度测量中的应用

针对回转体回转角度测量的实际情况，研制了新型回转体回转角度测量仪。该测量仪是以光、机、电为一体的旋转编码器作为传感器，测量回转体的回转角度。这种测量输出的信号为数字信号，克服了零漂、测量准确度低等缺点，提高了测量的准确度和可靠性。     

木材干燥应力应变超微观模型的构筑

木材干燥应力应变研究不论在理论上探索还是用于指导生产实践,都具有重大的意义。然而木材干燥应力与应变的关系是非常复杂的,因为木材属于既有弹性又有塑性的材料———弹塑性材料。应变的大小受很多因素的影响,包括材料自身的因素,例如密度、管胞或纤维胞壁的微纤丝的角度以及恒定或变化的环境因素(如大气的温度、相对湿度)等。还有依从于时间的因素(申宗圻,1990)。正是由于木材本身的特殊结构及其在干燥过程中各参数变化的复杂性,建立一个精确性较高和适用性较广的干燥应力应变数学模型很困难。若不靠数学物理方法,单纯的试验很难重现实…     

人造板饰面材料中重金属元素检测方法探讨

归纳了人造板饰面材料中重金属物质的来源、危害和相关限制法规,介绍了常用有害重金属元素含量的检测方法,分析了现有检测方法对于检测人造板饰面材料中重金属的适应性,总结了在对人造板饰面材料中有害重金属进行检测时,样品的制备及处理方法.为制定相关检测方法的标准提供依据.     

森林结构调查最小面积的研究

采用4块100m×100m的天然林样地材料,分别利用角尺度和双相关函数分析4块大样地中不同面积的窗口(小样地)对应林木个体的空间分布格局。结果表明,小样地面积不同其对应林木的空间分布格局也不同,随着样地面积逐渐变大,对应林木的空间分布格局趋于稳定,这意味着森林结构分析必须在一定大小的样地上进行。根据本研究资料,样地面积最小应为2500m2。