冻融对粉质黏土强度指标的影响

依托同三高速公路扩建工程方正—哈尔滨段加宽一侧粉质黏土路基,采用室内三轴试验方法,研究了不同压实度、不同含水率下不同冻融次数后土体强度指标的变化规律。试验结果表明粉质黏土冻融后强度指标发生规律性变化:土的黏聚力损失随着冻融次数增多而增大,同一压实度下含水率高的土体黏聚力损失幅度较大;土的内摩擦角随着冻融次数的增多有逐渐增长的趋势,但增长幅度较小。运用Matlab对试验数据进行回归分析,建立了同一压实度下粉质黏土黏聚力、内摩擦角与含水率和冻融次数的回归方程。该方程能够直观模拟冻融对粉质黏土强度指标的影响规律,计算结果与实测结果吻合良好,可用于冻融后粉质黏土黏聚力和内摩擦角的计算。     

冀北山地山杨白桦混交林林分空间结构研究

为了探究山杨和白桦混交林的林分空间结构,运用林分结构参数混交度、角尺度、大小比数和直径分布指标,对木兰围场次生山杨、白桦混交林的群落结构特征进行了研究.结果表明:山杨、白桦次生混交林的树种组成很丰富,群落中当地树种占绝对主导地位;从水平结构来说,林分平均角尺度为0.502,群落呈现出随机分布格局;群落的树种隔离度很高,平均混交度为0.618,但其主要树种山杨和白桦的混交度最低为0.26和0.39;群落所有乔木树种以胸径作为大小比数的指标的优势树种排列为:落叶松>黑桦>白桦>蒙古栎>山杨>棘皮桦>花楸>云杉>黄桦>油松>五角枫;林分整体处于结构稳定发展状态.     

木材表面冷等离子体改性后的时效性研究

采用氮气和氧气2种冷离子体改性木材表面,利用水和二碘甲烷测试不同放置时间下木材表面接触角,根据YGGF方程计算表面自由能及其色散力和极性力。结果表明;经氧气和氮气冷等离子体改性后的木材表面自由能显著提高,1h后测得其表面自由能分别提高54．23％和54．41％;2种等离子体改性后表面自由能都随放置时间的延长逐渐降低,6～10d内活性降低迅速,14～21d后接近于改性前水平;氧气处理后木材表面接触角更小,处理效果更好。     

紫茎泽兰等4种植物粗提物对桃蚜的毒杀效果

[目的]为桃蚜的生态防治提供参考。[方法]分别以紫茎泽兰的地上部分、藿香和番茄的茎叶、大蒜的果实为材料,采用95%乙醇提取其粗提物,研究不同植物粗提物对桃蚜的毒杀效果。[结果]紫茎泽兰粗提物200倍稀释液对桃蚜的毒杀效果显著好于其他药剂;各种药剂对桃蚜的毒杀效果在48 h时为最佳;紫茎泽兰粗提物对桃蚜的毒力在48 h时最高,致死中浓度为3.192 ml/L,其次为24 h,致死中浓度为5.765 ml/L,72 h的致死中浓度为5.383 ml/L,12 h的毒力最差,致死中浓度为15.084 ml/L。[结论]紫茎泽兰粗提物200倍稀释液对桃蚜的毒杀作用最强,24、48 h的校正死亡率分别为50.0%和61.4%。     

不同菱角壳提取物抑制肺癌A549细胞生长的研究

目的研究不同菱壳水和乙醇提取物的抗癌活性。方法采用Folin比色法测定不同品种菱壳提取物中多酚的含量,通过MTT法测定二角菱壳、四角菱壳的水提取物、醇提取物对肺癌A549细胞生长抑制作用。结果四角菱壳多酚含量高于二角菱壳,醇提物多酚含量高于水提物;二角菱壳醇提取物对肺癌A549细胞的抑制率高于水提物,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);四角菱壳水提物对抑制率高于二角菱壳水提物肺癌A549细胞的生长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论菱角壳提取物对肺癌A549细胞生长具有较强的抑制作用,且菱角壳的醇提取物优于水提取物,四菱角壳优于二角菱壳。     

N2和O2冷等离子体处理对木材胶合强度的影响

采用N2、O2两种等离子体气体分别处理木材,处理功率为300 W,处理时间为5 min,将处理后的木材采用MUF胶粘合起来,测试了胶合强度,并对冷等离子体处理前后的木材表面能进行了分析。实验结果表明:经N2、O2冷等离子体处理后的木材表面的接触角明显减小,表面自由能明显增大;经冷等离子体处理后的胶合板的平均干状胶合强度和湿状强度均有明显(50%以上)增大。     

Coxofemoral joint radiography in standing cattle

The objective of this study was to establish a technique for radiographic examination of the coxofemoral joint and adjacent bony structures in standing cattle. Left (or right) 30° dorsal-right (or left) ventral radiographic views of the coxofemoral joint region of standing cattle (n = 10) with hind limb lameness were evaluated retrospectively. In addition, an experimental study of oblique laterolateral views of the coxofemoral joint region of a bovine skeleton at angles of 15-45° was carried out to determine the optimal position for visualization of the hip region. In the 10 clinical patients, the bodies of the ilium and ischium, the acetabulum and proximal third of the femur could be assessed. Six of these cattle had fractures of the body of the ilium and body of the ischium, five with and one without involvement of the acetabulum, two had craniodorsal and one caudoventral luxation of the femur and one had a femoral neck fracture. The described laterodorsal-lateroventral radiographs of the hip region in standing cattle were suitable for assessing the coxofemoral joint, the proximal aspect of the femur and parts of the ischium, ilium and pubis. After testing the optimal angle on the skeleton, it was seen that distortion and superimposition were minimized by positioning the X-ray beam at an angle of 25° to the horizontal plane. It can be concluded that the described technique improves the evaluation of injuries of the coxofemoral region in cattle. With the appropriate angle, the technique can also be applied in recumbent cattle.     

An experiment study of the realization of diesel engine emission standard of Euro IV

This paper calibrates the advanced injector angle and EGR of a four-in-line pressure engine on the specialized test stand, which makes the NOx achieved the standard of Euro IV. Then an experiment study of the diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and the particulate oxidation catalyst (POC) are made. Both make the diesel engine emission achieving the Standard of Euro IV. This experiment study shows a kind of method that realizing diesel engine emission standard of Euro IV, and concludes the character and law of the method.     

基于交角的林木竞争指数

建立基于交角的林木竞争指数(u_a_CIi),该指数能够同时表达出竞争木对对象木的上方遮盖和侧翼挤压。该指数取值范围为[0,1),无量纲,指数值越大,表明树体越小,所承受的竞争压力越大,清晰直观地表达林木在林分中所处的相对竞争态势。从理论上阐明大的竞争邻体比小的竞争邻体对对象木有更大影响,不仅反映在上方的遮盖也体现在侧方的挤压中。该指数与林木大小的相关性明显高于常用的HEGYI竞争指数。在测量技术飞速发展的今天,该竞争指数将具有很大的应用前景。     

水稻叶面积分布构成因子的数值模拟

叶面积分布是水稻株型研究的重要内容.通过机理分析建立了叶面积指数和叶面积分布模型,利用田间试验数据检验模型,通过数值模拟探讨节间距对叶面积分布影响的机理.模型检验效果良好,数值模拟结果可信,能为叶面积分布的优化提供理论基础.