Effects of lncRNA-GTL2 Transgenosis on Gut Microbiota Composition in Mice

This research was aimed to study whether the lncRNA would have effects on the structure and constitution of the intestinal microbial colonies in mice.High throughout sequencing was used to sequence and analyze the intestinal microbial colonies in both transgenic and non-transgenic mice of three months old.We conducted comparison and t-test at the level of phylum and genus.The result showed that transferred into long non-coding RNA genes GTL2 (lncRNA-GTL2),the mouse intestinal microbial colony structure and composition had no significant differences in the overall,within the same gender,but there were individual differences.Therefore,this study didn't find that long non-coding RNA transfered had a significant impact on the intestinal microflorain the phylum and genus level.     

Construction and Identification of Yeast Surface Display Libraries of Ovis aries DRA Gene Exon 2

The specific primers were designed according to Ovis aries DRA gene sequence deposited in GenBank and the multiple cloning site of the plasmid pYD1,which was a vector used for protein surface display on Saccharomyces cerevisiae.The gene encoding DRA was amplified by PCR using the genomic RNA of Ovis aries.The 762 bp fragment was cloned and released in GenBank and registration number was KR422362.The PCR product was inserted into the yeast surface display plasmid vector pYD1 by double enzyme digestion.It was indicated that DRA gene was successfully integrated into the genome.Dot mutation was made at both ends of exon 2 in DRA gene for making restriction enzyme cutting site and design the exon 2 specific primers according to mutated Ovis aries DRA gene sequence.Sequenced exon 2 amplification products based on DNA pooling of sheep large sample template was analyzed the polymorphic loci.The polymorphic exon 2 246 bp fragment was obtained by double enzyme digestion and connected to surface display restructuring mutation carriers pYD1-DRA by the same double enzyme digestion,and then we successfully constructed yeast surface display libraries.We transformed it into Saccharomyces cerevisiae EBY100 cell.Yeast monoclone was identified by PCR amplification and sequencing,and we confirmed that DRA gene had been integrated into Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome.After galactose induced,it was detected that DRA gene library had been successfully demonstrated on the yeast cell surface under the fluorescence microscope by immunofluorescence method.     

维生素B_2对中华蜜蜂工蜂寿命及学习记忆能力的影响

本试验旨在研究维生素B_2对中华蜜蜂工蜂寿命及学习记忆能力的影响。试验分为工蜂饲养试验和学习记忆试验2部分。工蜂饲养试验:将1日龄中华蜜蜂工蜂分成3组,每组5个重复,每个重复约200只。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂1∶1的糖水,2个试验组在1∶1糖水的基础上分别添加100(Ⅱ组)、400 mg/kg(Ⅲ组)的维生素B_2,每天记录各组工蜂的死亡情况,直到全部死亡。工蜂学习记忆试验:分组方法同工蜂饲养试验,并按照工蜂饲养方法对1日龄工蜂喂养7 d后,利用吻伸反应方法测定工蜂短时学习记忆及长时学习记忆能力,并通过荧光定量PCR检测学习成功后工蜂学习记忆相关基因的相对表达量。结果表明:工蜂的平均寿命随维生素B_2添加量的升高而延长,而且试验组(Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组)的平均寿命显著高于对照组(P0.05),但Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组间差异不显著(P0.05)。Ⅲ组工蜂的长时学习记忆及短时学习记忆能力均显著高于对照组和Ⅱ组(P0.05),而且Ⅱ组工蜂的长时学习记忆能力也显著高于对照组(P0.05)。Ⅲ组工蜂的多巴胺受体基因2(Acdop3)、c AMP反应元件结合蛋白(Ac CREB)相对表达量均显著高于对照组和Ⅱ组(P0.05),而且Ⅱ组工蜂的Acdop3相对表达量也显著高于对照组(P0.05)。由此得出,维生素B_2影响中华蜜蜂工蜂的寿命及学习记忆能力,在人工饲喂蜂群时需要提供适量的维生素B_2。     

Basic characterization of avian β‐defensin genes in the Japanese quail,Coturnix japonica

In this study, we identified a cluster of 14 avian β‐defensins (AvBD; approximately 66 kbp) in the Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica. Except for AvBD12 (CjAvBD12) and ‐13, the CjAvBDs coding sequences exhibited greater than 78.0% similarity to the respective orthologous chicken AvBD genes (GgAvBD). The putative amino acid sequence encoded by each CjAvBD contained six cysteine residues and the GXC (X1‐2) motif considered essential for the β‐defensin family. Each CjAvBDs also formed a sub‐group with the respective orthologous genes of various bird species in a phylogenetic tree analysis. Synteny between the CjAvBD cluster and GgAvBD cluster was confirmed. The CjAvBD cluster was mapped on the long‐arm end of chromosome 3 by linkage analysis based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CjAvBD1 and CjAvBD12 (approximately 46kbp), as well as GgAvBD cluster. We also confirmed that CjAvBD1, ‐4, ‐5, ‐9, and ‐10 are transcribed in 20 tissues, including immune and digestive tissues. However, our experimental data indicated that the CjAvBD cluster lacks the AvBD3 and ‐7 loci, whereas the CjAvBD101α, ‐101β, and ‐101θ loci arose from gene duplication of the AvBD6 orthologous locus in the CjAvBD cluster after differentiation between Coturnix ‐ Gallus.     

Comparison of emission estimates for non‐CO2 greenhouse gases from livestock and poultry in Korea from 1990 to 2010

It has often been claimed that non‐carbon dioxide greenhouse gases (NCGGs), such as methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated greenhouse gases, are significant contributors to climate change. Here we nvestigate emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide from livestock and poultry production, which is recognized as a major source of those NCGGs, in Korea over the period of 1990 through 2010. Based on the data on livestock and poultry populations, emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide are first derived based on the Tier 1 approach. Then, the Tier 2 approach is adopted to obtain emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide from cattle, which are known to be the largest sources of these NCGGs and account for about 70% of emissions from livestock and poultry in Korea. The result indicates that the Tier 2 estimates of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from enteric fermentation and manure management are significantly different from the Tier 1 estimates over the analysis period.     

Polymorphism of P53‐Ets/AP1 transactivation region of MDM2 oncogene and its immunohistochemical analysis in canine tumours

Mouse Double Minute‐2 (MDM2) is an ubiquitin ligase which is overexpressed or its promoter polymorphism has been reported in different tumours. The objective of this study was to examine the MDM2 protein expression and its promoter polymorphism in some canine tumours. Twenty specimens were collected from 20 dogs with 15 mammary gland carcinomas, 3 lymphomas, 1 transmissible venereal tumour and 1 trichoblastoma. Samples were analysed immunohistochemically using human antibody against MDM2 protein. PCR and DNA sequencing were carried out to identify MDM2 promoter polymorphism. MDM2 gene was expressed in 13 of 20 samples including 11 mammary carcinomas, 1 lymphoma and 1 trichoblastoma. We found 94% homology between canine and human sequences. Four mutations including G169C, A177G, G291T and A177G were identified in different types of breast carcinomas. An extra p53 response element was found in a mixed mammary carcinoma.     

氯化钙对野葛块根低温贮藏生理生化指标的影响

研究氯化钙对野葛低温贮藏生理生化指标的影响.结果表明:在2%的氯化钙处理下,4℃低温可明显抑制贮藏期间块根含水量的下降,并且可使可溶性蛋白和可溶性总糖含量增加,有利于野葛块根采后的贮藏.     

Effect of prostaglandin F2alpha on ovarian, adrenal, and pituitary hormones and on luteal blood flow in mares

The effect of a single injection of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF) during mid-diestrus on systemic concentrations of progesterone, LH, FSH, estradiol, and cortisol and on blood flow to the corpus luteum was studied in 10 controls and 10 PGF-treated mares. Blood flow was assessed by estimating the percentage of corpus luteum with color-Doppler signals of blood flow during real-time scanning of the entire structure and by the diameter of the vascular pedicle near its attachment to the ovary. Treatment was done 8 days after ovulation and 0 h was immediately before the treatment. Examinations and collection of blood samples were done at 0 h, every 5 min until 1h, and then at 1.5, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The concentrations of estradiol did not change, but progesterone, LH, FSH, and cortisol increased significantly within 5 min. Concentrations of LH and FSH in the PGF group remained elevated until a temporarily lower concentration at 8 or 4h, respectively, rebounded to 12h, and then slowly decreased. Cortisol remained elevated, until a decrease between 1 and 4h. Progesterone in the PGF group increased significantly until 10 min after 0 h and then decreased by 40 min to below the concentrations in controls. Within the PGF group, progesterone decreased significantly by 45 min to below the concentrations at 0 h. The values for each of the two indicators of blood flow did not differ significantly between the PGF and control groups until a decrease at 24h in the PGF group. Results did not support the hypothesis that the immediate transient post-PGF increase in progesterone was associated with an increase in luteal blood flow. Luteolysis, as indicated by decreasing progesterone, began well before the beginning of a decrease in luteal blood flow.