β-Carotene from the Alga Dunaliella bardawil Decreases Gene Expression of Adipose Tissue Macrophage Recruitment Markers and Plasma Lipid Concentrations in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Vitamin A and provitamin A carotenoids are involved in the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation. We examined the effect of dietary supplementation using all-trans and 9-cis β-carotene-rich Dunaliella bardawil alga as the sole source of vitamin A on obesity-associated comorbidities and adipose tissue dysfunction in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. Three-week-old male mice (C57BL/6) were randomly allocated into two groups and fed a high-fat, vitamin A-deficient diet supplemented with either vitamin A (HFD) or β-carotene (BC) (HFD-BC). Vitamin A levels in the liver, WATs, and BAT of the HFD-BC group were 1.5–2.4-fold higher than of the HFD group. BC concentrations were 5–6-fold greater in BAT compared to WAT in the HFD-BC group. The eWAT mRNA levels of the Mcp-1 and Cd68 were 1.6- and 2.1-fold lower, respectively, and the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were 30% and 28% lower in the HFD-BC group compared with the HFD group. Dietary BC can be the exclusive vitamin A source in mice fed a high-fat diet, as shown by the vitamin A concentration in the plasma and tissues. Feeding BC rather than vitamin A reduces adipose tissue macrophage recruitment markers and plasma lipid concentrations.     

不结球白菜维生素C和可溶性糖含量的遗传分析

采用主基因—多基因混合遗传模型分析方法,对不结球白菜乌塌菜×矮脚黄、雪克青×矮脚黄两个组合的维生素Ｃ、可溶性糖含量进行单世代和联合世代遗传分析。结果表明,两组合中维生素Ｃ含量遗传符合一个主基因和多基因的混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率为５２６８％～７４１２％。可溶性糖在雪克青×矮脚黄组合中也符合主基因—多基因遗传模型,主基因遗传率为８９７３％～８９７９％。维生素Ｃ和可溶性糖主基因效应均以加性效应为主,在乌塌菜×矮脚黄组合中,两性状主基因有较明显的负向显性效应,在雪克青×矮脚黄组合中,显性效应不明显。育种实践中应注重对主基因加性效应的利用。     

Isolation and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum spp. causing anthracnose of strawberry in south west Spain

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is a major disease of cultivated strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa. This study identifies the Colletotrichum spp. which causes strawberry anthracnose in the southwest of Spain. A survey of the region was carried out, and the strains isolated were identified as C. acutatum by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with genus and species-specific primers, demonstrating that this species is currently the causal agent of strawberry anthracnose in the studied region. The pathogenicity of C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides strains was evaluated on two principal strawberry cultivars (cvs Camarosa and Ventana) under field conditions, the latter being more pathogenic than the former.     

果蔗脱毒种苗组培快繁技术研究

采用不同浓度的6-BA对果蔗进行了茎尖分生组织的诱导和幼芽增殖试验研究,利用不同状态的培养基对增殖芽进行了培养。结果表明,当6-BA浓度为4-5mg／L时,比较适宜于果蔗茎尖分生组织的诱导。在幼芽增殖前期．6-BA的浓度采用2-3mg／L;在将进入生根阶段时,6-BA的浓度采用0．5-1．5mg／L,有利于获得粗壮的幼苗。果蔗幼芽在增殖阶段。适宜采用液体培养基,可降低成本。     

嫁接对西瓜根际微生物种群数量及群落结构的影响

分别采用微生物培养的方法、16S rDNA PCR-RFLP方法和phl D基因PCR-RFLP方法研究了嫁接对西瓜根际微生物种群数量、细菌群落结构及拮抗菌（2, 4-DAPG产生菌）群落结构的影响。结果表明：① 嫁接西瓜根际细菌和真菌数量有所提高,而放线菌数量则有所减少。② 嫁接西瓜与自根西瓜具有1个相同的主要根际细菌基因型;不同砧木嫁接的西瓜与自根西瓜也分别具有不同基因型的细菌。③ 嫁接西瓜具有与自根西瓜不同的主要根际拮抗菌基因型。     

丹参药渣栽培糙皮侧耳和毛头鬼伞

采用不同比例丹参(Salviae miltiorrhiza)药渣替代玉米芯对糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)、毛头鬼伞(Coprinus comatus)供试菌株进行栽培实验.经栽培收获两茬子实体,分别对不同配方两个菌种的菌丝长速、单位料重产量、生物学效率等指标进行统计分析.结果表明:在单位料重产量及生物学效率表现上,随培养料中所含丹参药渣比例增加而增加;在菌丝长速表现上则相反.经丹参药渣、玉米芯的碳氮比分析(28.5∶1;88.1∶1)得知,栽培料中随药渣含量的增加氮素含量相应提高(碳氮比55.27∶1～27.44∶1,氮含量为0.76％～2.43％),成为两个菌种产量增加的主要原因.     

用ELISA方法进行猪圆环病毒病血清学调查

本研究用猪2型圆环病毒ORF2基因的表达产物包被酶标板，建立ELISA诊断方法，用此方法对临床1257份送检血清进行了检测，其总阳性率为57．28%(720／1257)，仔猪阳性率为30．83％(119／386)，肥猪阳性率为64．93％(137／211)，母猪阳性率为71．50％(419／586)，公猪阳性率为70．27％(52／74)。这一结果表明猪圆环病毒在我国流行较普遍，且抗体阳性率随猪体年龄的增长而升高。     

四川脑膜炎病例猪链球菌2型溶血素抗原表位富集区的原核表达

对2005年四川资阳脑膜炎病例猪链球菌2型分离株ZYH33溶血素编码蛋白中包含多个抗原表位的第230～593氨基酸残基区域的基因片段进行扩增并克隆.基因片段经酶切处理后插入表达载体pQE-30的BamH Ⅰ和Sal Ⅰ位点之阃,构建融合表达质粒.转化宿主菌TG1经IPTG诱导后融合基因得到了表达,用猪链球菌2型菌体抗血清对表达的融合蛋白进行免疫印迹试验,分析融合蛋白的免疫反应性.试验结果提示该溶血素蛋白第230～593氨基酸残基区域可作为猪链球菌的诊断抗原,为基因工程疫苗的研制奠定基础.     

江苏地区猪圆环病毒2型流行病学调查

应用复合PCR方法,对江苏地区的162份可疑病料进行了检测,结果72份病料为PCV2阳性,17份为PCV1阳性,其中7份同时感染PCV1和PCV2。从发病时间看,以9~11月发病最多,阳性率高达54.67%。样品较多的保育猪和育肥猪的阳性率分别是26.03%和68.12%。通过流行病学调查,表明该病已在江苏地区呈流行趋势。同时对18头PCV2阳性猪病料的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑、腹股沟淋巴结、肠系膜淋巴结、扁桃体进行PCV2检测,结果有7头PCV2阳性猪的各个脏器都能检测出PCV2;在这些脏器中,肺、腹股沟淋巴结、扁桃体的检出率都为100%,较其他受检脏器更适合作为PCV2的检测样品。     

CnAβ基因对大鼠RBL-2H3细胞脱颗粒的影响

过敏是人和养殖动物常见的疾病,而且发生的频率呈现逐渐增加的趋势.为了深入了解过敏反应的机制,本研究利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术,构建钙调磷酸酶A beta(calcineurin A beta,CnAβ)基因敲除的大鼠RBL-2H3细胞株,并探讨CnAβ基因对RBL-2H3细胞生长及脱颗粒的影响.选取大鼠Cn...