丝瓜的光周期反应

本文研究了普通丝瓜(Luffa cylindrica Roem.)和有棱丝瓜(L. acutan-gula Roxb.)的光周期反应。试验表明,丝瓜两个种都是在长日照下延迟发育,短日照则提早发育。短日照处理以子叶展开后开始为适宜。有棱丝瓜在10-20h光照范围内,第1雌、雄花的节位呈随着日照时数的延长而提高的趋势。不同品种对短日照的反应有所不同。‘乌耳’、‘登峰’和‘双青’三个品种对短日条件要求比较严格,而‘青皮’和‘棠东’两个品种对短日条件的要求不很严格。短日处理可加速植株的雌性发育,提早发生雌花,增加雌花数和提高雌/雄花比率等。这些效应随着短日处理天数的增加而加强。     

辣椒CaCOI1 基因的克隆、表达及其序列分析

 利用RT-PCR技术从辣椒中克隆到基因CaCOI1,该基因编码的蛋白质由603个氨基酸残基组成,蛋白质的分子量为68.35 kD,等电点是6.32。在蛋白质N–端有1个F-box结构域,C–端有6个富含亮氨酸结构域。二级结构分析表明,CaCOI1蛋白分子中,α–螺旋、β–折叠、β–转角和不规则卷曲分别为51.41%、13.76%、5.80%和29.03%。CaCOI1蛋白的平均亲水系数为–0.143,为亲水蛋白。蛋白质序列比对和进化树分析表明,CaCOI1与番茄LeCOI1蛋白的一致性最高（94%）,进化距离最近。实时定量RT-PCR分析表明,CaCOI1在辣椒的根、茎、幼叶、成熟叶、花、青熟期果实、成熟红果等不同生长发育时期的组织中都能表达,在花中表达水平最高,是其他组织的2.8 ~ 5.4倍,表明CaCOI1在花的发育过程中起重要作用。     

泡椒专用品种--辛红1号的选育

辛红1号是由我所收集的国外辣椒品种“胡椒味辣椒”,采用系谱法,经过多代分离、定向选择获得的一个泡椒专用品种。该品种为半辛辣型,尾味带甜,果实硬度好,特适宜泡制。果实圆柱形,青椒深绿色,老熟时大红色,果面有少许网纹,一般667m2产红椒1400kg。经多点试验和生产示范,适宜在我国西南、长江流域和南方大部分地区种植。     

秋甘蓝新品种秋甘5 号的选育

秋甘5 号是以CMS021 胞质雄性不育系为母本,以自交系95077-7-A1-B6-2-5 为父本配制
而成的秋甘蓝一代杂种。中熟,从定植到收获80 d（天）左右。植株生长势强,株型开展,开展度66.7
cm,外叶14 片,叶色灰绿,叶面蜡粉中,叶缘有轻波纹,无缺刻。叶球绿色、紧实度0.57,扁圆形,球
高13.6 cm,横径23.6 cm,中心柱长6.1 cm,小于球高的1/2,单球质量2～3 kg,质地脆嫩,味甘甜,耐
裂球,耐热,高抗枯萎病,抗病毒病（TuMV）、黑腐病,一般每667 m ² 产量5 000 kg 左右,适于华北、华南、
西北、西南等地种植。     

高辣椒素含量航天辣椒桂航一号的选育

桂航一号是红椒一号经过太空诱变处理后,单株选育3代、混合选育2代育成的高辣椒素含量辣椒新品种。该品种中晚熟,从定植至采收红椒约90d。株高90cm左右,植株开展度85cmx85cm左右。第一花着生13—14节。果实羊角形,纵径15～16cm,横径1．3cm,肉厚0．19cm,2—3心室。果肩平或斜,果顶锐尖,果面光滑,果皮薄,果形较直,青果深绿色,生物学成熟果鲜红色,平均单果质量12～13g,最大单果质量15g。果实每100g鲜质量维生素C含量87．9mg,辣椒素含量104mg／kg,干物质含量8．56％。其中辣椒素含量比红椒一号（5．55mg／kg）提高了近20倍,解决了红椒一号作为辣椒酱原料辣度不够的缺点。667m2产量3942．1奴,较红椒一号增产15．8％,达极显著水平。植株外被茸毛,较耐炭疽病、疫病、病毒病,抗高温,耐湿能力强,适于嗜辣地区作鲜食、加工盐渍、酱制或干制栽培。     

线椒新品种湘辣18号的选育

湘辣18号是以R1030A为母本,R06-118-1-1为父本配制而成的杂交一代早熟线椒品种,第一开花节位8节;植株直立性好,果实线形,浅绿色;顺直光亮,平均果长27 cm,平均果宽1.6 cm,肉厚0.1 cm,平均单果质量16 g;耐低温弱光能力强,抗疫病与细菌性斑点病能力好,适合早春大棚栽培或早中熟露地丰产栽培。     

Antiviral Cyclopropane Acids from Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Aspergillus sydowii

Four novel monocyclic cyclopropane acids, namely, sydocyclopropanes A–D (1–4), along with one known congener hamavellone B (5), were isolated from the Aspergillus sydowii MCCC 3A00324 fungus, which was isolated from the deep-sea sediment. The gross structures of novel compounds were established by detailed analyses of the spectroscopic data (HRESIMS and NMR spectra), and their absolute configurations were resolved on the basis of the quantum chemical calculations of ECD and NMR data, in association with DP4+ probability analyses. Sydocyclopropanes A–D, featuring the 1,1,2,3-tetrasubstituted cyclopropane nucleus with different lengthy alkyl side chains, were discovered in nature for the first time. All compounds exhibited antiviral activities against A/WSN/33 (H1N1), with IC₅₀ values ranging from 26.7 to 77.2 μM, of which compound 1 exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect (IC₅₀ = 26.7 μM).     

1-O-Alkylglycerol Ethers from the Marine Sponge Guitarra abbotti and Their Cytotoxic Activity

The cytotoxicity-bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract from the marine sponge Guitarra abbotti, whose 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycerol ethers (AGEs) have not been investigated so far, led to the isolation of a complex lipid fraction containing, along with previously known compounds, six new lipids of the AGE type. The composition of the AGE fraction as well as the structures of 6 new and 22 previously known compounds were established using ¹H and ¹³C NMR, GC/MS, and chemical conversion methods. The new AGEs were identified as: 1-O-(Z-docos-15-enyl)-sn-glycerol (1), 1-O-(Z-docos-17-enyl)-sn-glycerol (2), 1-O-(Z-tricos-15-enyl)-sn-glycerol (3), 1-O-(Z-tricos-16-enyl)-sn-glycerol (4), 1-O-(Z-tricos-17-enyl)-sn-glycerol (5), and 1-O-(Z-tetracos-15-enyl)-sn-glycerol (6). The isolated AGEs show weak cytotoxic activity in THP-1, HL-60, HeLa, DLD-1, SNU C4, SK-MEL-28, and MDA-MB-231 human cancer cells. A further cytotoxicity analysis in JB6 P⁺ Cl41 cells bearing mutated MAP kinase genes revealed that ERK2 and JNK1 play a cytoprotective role in the cellular response to the AGE-induced cytotoxic effects.     

转cry1Ab/vip3H基因水稻对非靶标害虫褐飞虱连续多代生长发育与繁殖的影响

实验室条件下,转cry1Ab/vip3H基因水稻G6H1对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens生长发育与繁殖的继代效应评价结果表明,不论是在苗期或是成株期,在各水稻品种上连续饲喂褐飞虱4代后,该虫各代的生长发育和繁殖参数都没有受到水稻品种的显著影响,即不论是在第1代、第2代还是第4代,取食G6H1与取食其非转基因亲本Xiushui 110相比,褐飞虱若虫的发育时间、成虫寿命和产卵量都没有显著差异。同时,2008年和2009年的田间调查结果表明,G6H1和Xiushui 110稻田间褐飞虱的若虫、成虫和成若虫总密度均无显著差异。     

核磁共振法测定甲哌鎓原药的含量

采用定量核磁共振法建立了甲哌鎓原药的定量方法。以重水为溶剂,仲丁基脲为内标物,以化学位移分别在δ3.12的甲哌鎓甲基和δ1.10的仲丁基脲甲基的1H-NMR信号作为定量峰。以甲哌鎓与仲丁基脲定量峰的峰面积比(AS/AI)对甲哌鎓与仲丁基脲的质量比(WS/WI)进行线性回归,线性相关系数为0.999 9;重复测定同一批次原药含量,变异系数为0.28%。采用核磁共振波谱法对甲哌鎓进行定量分析,操作简便,测定速度快,准确度高。