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91.
我国作为农业大国,农作物的总量居世界首位。生产加工农作物的过程中会产生大量副产物,如米糠、麦麸、秸秆、豆渣、豆粕等。这些农副产物的营养成分丰富,研究价值极高,具有巨大的开发潜力。由于我国农副产物的生产加工技术较为落后,导致农副产物的综合利用低,农副产物的许多营养成分未能得到有效的利用。造成资源浪费、环境污染等现象,甚至农业的可持续发展受到影响。从发酵菌种及效果、发酵方式、发酵农副产物的应用等方面对微生物发酵农副产物的特性进行概述。 相似文献
92.
植物型高水分粉业状物料的干燥,地干燥设备既有外扩散强化的要求,也有内扩散传递条件的要求。简单的单流程气流干燥设备难以完成。文章较为系统地对气流对撞干燥技术和气流干燥功能的扩大作了进一步的介绍。说明采用组合式充干燥设备是能够满足这类制品干燥要求的。 相似文献
93.
Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) is an oil-bearing species with multiple uses and considerable potential as a bioenergy crop. The present
investigation has been undertaken to assess the extent of genetic diversity in a representative set of 42 accessions of J. curcas encompassing different crop growing regions in India along with a non-toxic genotype from Mexico as a prelude for utilization
of promising and genetically divergent materials in the breeding programmes. Molecular polymorphism was 42.0% with 400 RAPD
primers and 33.5% with 100 ISSR primers between accessions indicating modest levels of genetic variation in the Indian germplasm.
The within-population variation based on RAPD polymorphism was 64.0% and was on par with the inter-population variation. Polymorphic
ISSR markers have been identified that could differentiate the Indian accessions from the Mexican genotype and two of them
were converted to SCAR markers. The SCAR primer pair ISPJ1 amplified a 543 bp fragment in all the Indian populations, while
ISPJ2 with a specific amplicon of 1,096 bp was specific to the Mexican genotype. Population-specific bands have been identified
for the accession from Kerala (2 RAPD markers), Neemuch-1 from Rajasthan (1 each of RAPD and ISSR markers) and the non-toxic
genotype from Mexico (17 RAPD and 4 ISSR markers), which serve as diagnostic markers in genotyping. The study indicates an
immediate need for widening the genetic base of J. curcas germplasm through introduction of accessions with broader geographical background. 相似文献
94.
95.
生物燃料作为一种可再生、生物可降解和无毒燃料引起了人们极大的关注,论述了各类型柴油机燃用生物燃料的研究结果及近年来的最新研究动向,讨论了柴油机燃用生物燃料的可行性和前景,指出目前研究中存在的问题和不足以及生物燃料研究中有待进一步深入研究的课题。 相似文献
96.
Concetta Maria Messina Rosaria Arena Simona Manuguerra Giuseppe Renda Vincenzo Alessandro Laudicella Giovanna Ficano Gioacchino Fazio Laura La Barbera Andrea Santulli 《Marine drugs》2021,19(3)
This study shows a pilot scale protocol aimed to obtain an omega 3-enriched oil after the processing of farmed gilthead sea bream viscera (SBV); this was oil was tested in vitro for bioactivity, attesting to the possibility to turn waste into profit The quality of the oil, in terms of requirements for animal and human consumption, was assessed by determining some chemical parameters, such as peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), ρ-anisidine (ρ-AV) content, total oxidation value (TOTOX), and phospholipids and free fatty acid (%), both in crude viscera oil (CVO) and refined viscera oil (RVO). Among the extraction conditions, the higher CVO yields were obtained at 60 °C for 10 min (57.89%) and at 80 °C for 10 min (67.5%), and the resulting oxidation levels were low when utilizing both extraction conditions. RVO, obtained from CVO extracted at 60 °C, showed the highest quality on the basis of the assessed parameters. The ethyl esters of the total fatty acid (TFA) contents extracted from RVO were enriched in the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid fraction (PUFAE) up to almost 56% via short path distillation (SPD). Antioxidant activities and adipogenic properties were tested in vitro. PUFAE protected 3T3 L1 cells from oxidative stress and exerted an anti-adipogenic effect in Dicentrarchus labrax pre-adipocytes, attesting to the beneficial properties for both farmed fish and human health. These results could stimulate the adoption of solutions aimed to recover and utilize aquaculture by-products at a higher scale, turning “waste into profit” and indicating a strategy to reach more sustainable business models in aquaculture resource utilization according to the principles of the circular economy. 相似文献
97.
针对目前国内农业机械类科研院所科研副产品管理规范研究缺失问题,为制订符合其特点的科研副产品管理规范,减少国有资产损失,在阐述种植业类农业科研副产品管理基础上,分析提出农业机械类科研副产品产生的特点——不以农业种养殖为目标、产生的科研副产品较少、损伤大难以达上市销售要求、较少产生可上市销售的科研整机或零配件等科研副产品、农机产品上市销售需要资质鉴定或认证的主体不是科研单位。并对代表性农机科研单位科研副产品的管理举措进行分析,提出的明确科研副产品管理责任主体和台账登记、处置原则方式和流程、收支管理要求、监督和“红线”等新举措,对国内其它农业机械类科研院所科研副产品管理提升或制订具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
98.
以桔子皮为主要原料,对黑曲霉5L发酵罐液态发酵产果胶酶工艺进行研究。优化后的发酵工艺为:初始发酵培养基含桔皮粉1.42%(w/v),补料培养基含桔皮粉8.50%(w/v);装料量3L,通气量200L/h,转速500r/min,温度28℃,维持DO不低于30%,发酵至24h后开始以40mL/h的速度进行补料,补料总量为1L。在此条件下,果胶酶活力最高为263.9U/mL,较摇瓶发酵提高了98.7%。结果表明,可以利用黑曲霉液态发酵桔子皮生产果胶酶,拓展农产品副产物综合利用途径,减少资源浪费及环境污染,增加果胶酶产品供给。 相似文献
99.
Nahla A Abdel-Aziz Abdelfattah Z M Salem Mounir M El-Adawy Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Mona M Y Elghandour Borhami E Borhami 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2015,(3)
As a result of agriculture practices, mil ion tons of agriculture are produced as a secondary or by-products;however, with low nutritive values. Many methods are applied to improve the nutritive value ... 相似文献
100.
Arto Huuskonen Hannele Khalili Erkki Joki-Tokola 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(1):37-44
Abstract A 2×2 factorial design with 32 dairy bulls was used to study the effects of partial replacement of a starchy concentrate with a fibrous concentrate and replacement of rapeseed meal with barley protein as protein supplement on performance of bulls with ad libitum access to a total mixed ration feeding. The two energy supplements were flattened barley (B) and a mixture (1:1 on dry matter (DM) basis) of flattened barley and barley fibre (BF). These were fed with either rapeseed meal or barley protein so that the crude protein content of rations was 162 g kg?1 DM. Replacing half of the barley grain with barley fibre increased (P<0.01) the average DM intake (9.3 kg d?1 versus 9.9 kg d?1), but had no effect on the average live weight gain (1.27 kg d?1). There seemed to be only a minor difference between rapeseed meal and barley protein as protein supplements on animal performance. 相似文献