Prediction of the Economic Development for the Circumjacent Reservoir Region of the Longtan Hydropower Project Using Grey Quantitative Analog

In order to overcome some technical difficulties,we adopt ingenously the grey models combined with the quantitative analog method,and select the Dan Jiangkou Project which has accumulated practical operation data for a long time as the analog project to predict the economic influence for the circumjacent reservoir region of the Longtan hydropower project.On the basis of analog we have built various industrial economic grey models,and compare them with the corresponding predictions for the unconstructed reservoir case.The predictions of the former are greatly larger than the later ones.and hence provides a certain scientific basis for the central leaders to make a decision for constructing the huge hydropower project ultimateiy.     

南水北调中线工程丹江口库区南阳市域移民环境容量研究

丹江口水库是南水北调中线工程的水源工程 ,库区移民中南阳市占 5 3.2 %。在对南阳市域移民环境容量整体分析的基础上 ,确定了拟安置区 ,并对拟安置区的环境容量进行了计算 ,并进而提出了扩大环境容量的措施。确定的拟安置区为邓州、唐河、社旗 3县市 ,设计水平年可安置 7.32× 10 4人 ,另有约 7.0 0× 10 4 人需要出市安置     

池塘系统在农村面源污染防治中的应用

 农村生活污水是农村面源污染的重要来源。通过为期1年的农村污水水质监测,研究松花坝水源区建立池塘系统对农村污水的净化效果。结果表明:1)池塘系统对铵氮、总氮、总磷的输出具有较好的控制效果,最高去除速率分别为3.78、4.20、1.06g/(m2.d),最大去除率分别为88.35%、79.28%、86.49%;2)由于硝化和反硝化作用同时存在,硝态氮的含量变化不能准确地反映池塘对硝态氮的去除效果;3)池塘系统对污染物的去除效果与污染物的输入速率呈负相关关系。研究结果可为松华坝水源区农村面源污染治理提供一定的理论依据。     

我国小型水库的除险加固措施分析

针对我国小型水库现在遇到的问题和针对这些问题所提出的措施进行分析,力争将我国小型水库的安全隐患去除。     

青狮潭水库太湖新银鱼生长特性的初步研究

对青狮潭水库太湖新银鱼的月龄生长进行全年连续采样分析 ,用 von Bertalanffy生长方程描述其生长特性 ,得到体长、体重关系式和生长方程 ,经 X2 检验显著服从 ( P<0 .0 5) ,并由此推导出体长和体重的生长速度方程及生长加速度方程。银鱼生长拐点在 4 .8月龄处。建议银鱼最适捕捞期为 1 1月     

Reducing Sediment Connectivity Through man‐Made and Natural Sediment Sinks in the Minizr Catchment,Northwest Ethiopia

Man‐made and natural sediment sinks provide a practical means for reducing downstream reservoir sedimentation by decreasing soil erosion and enhancing the rate of sedimentation within a catchment. The Minizr catchment (20 km²) in the northwest Ethiopian highlands contains numerous man‐made soil and water conservation (SWC) structures such as soil bunds (Erken), fanya juu ridge (Cab) and micro‐trenches and natural sediment sinks such as wetlands, floodplains and grassed waterways. These sediment sinks reduce downstream sedimentation into the Koga reservoir, located at the catchment outlet, however, a large quantity of sediment is still reaching the reservoir. This study evaluates the function and effectiveness of both man‐made SWC structures and natural sediment sinks in reducing sediment export from the Minizr catchment. SWC structures and natural sediment sinks were digitized using Google Earth Imagery. Sediment pins and vertical sampling through the deposit were used to quantify the amount of deposited sediment. In addition, inflow and outflow of suspended sediment data were used to calculate the sediment‐trapping efficacies (STE) of man‐made SWC structures (soil bunds and fanya juu ridges) and natural sediment sinks. Results reveal that 144 km soil bunds and fanya juu ridges trapped 7,920 Mg y⁻¹ (55 kg m⁻¹ y⁻¹) and micro‐trenches trapped 13·26 Mg y⁻¹, each micro‐trench on average trapped 23 kg y⁻¹. The 17 ha floodplain located in the centre of the catchment trapped 9,970 Mg y⁻¹ (59 kg m⁻² y⁻¹), while a wetland with a surface area of 24 ha, located near the outlet of the catchment, trapped 8,715 Mg y⁻¹ (36 kg m⁻² y⁻¹). The STEs of soil bunds and fanya juu ridges, wetlands and floodplains were 54%, 85% and 77%, respectively. Substantial differences were observed between the STE of grassed and un‐grassed waterways at 75% and 21%, respectively. Existing man‐made and natural sediment sinks played an important role in trapping sediment, with 38% (26,600 Mg y⁻¹) of transported sediment being trapped, while 62% (43,000 Mg y⁻¹) is exported from the catchment and thus enters the Koga reservoir. Therefore, additional catchment treatment measures are required as an integrated catchment scale sediment trapping approach to help reduce sediment loads entering Koga reservoir. Moreover, to maximize the effectiveness of sediment trapping measures, avoid structural failure and ensure their sustainability, regular maintenance is needed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新修坡改梯对土壤水库库容的影响

以重庆缙云山山地黄壤为研究对象,在山地同侧但不同高程的地带,分别选取撂荒地和坡耕地2种土地利用类型地块共6块,对比分析其坡改梯工程前后土壤水库库容变化以及坡改梯区域土壤水库对削洪减灾的作用,并对小流域治理惯用的坡改梯工程的理水功能进行评价。结果表明:(1)坡改梯前后,梯地内土壤水库各项库容变化主要受土层厚度变化影响,但在绝对土层不变的情况下,库容大小在一定程度上受到坡改梯前的土地利用方式影响;(2)土壤水库特性与坡改梯引起的土壤性质变化有关,特别是与土壤孔隙、质地相关指标有关;(3)在百年一遇的设计暴雨条件下,用简化的概念型产流模型进行模拟,发现坡改梯能在理论上削减30%以上的径流,对农业区域旱涝灾害防治有重要作用。     

基于滑动无偏灰色马尔科夫模型的水库年降雨量预测

为了判别灰色模型与灰色马尔科夫模型哪一个更适合于降雨量的预测,以山西省寿阳县蔡庄水库为研究对象,通过灰色模拟、无偏灰色模拟、滑动无偏灰色模拟3种模拟方法对研究区40a的降雨量进行数值模拟,比较了3种方法的精确程度。选出最优方法,将精度最高的滑动无偏灰色模型辅以马尔科夫模型,形成灰色马尔科夫模型,再与灰色模型作对比较,判断其精度。结果表明,灰色模型对于长期预测和波动性较大的数据列拟合效果较差,灰色马尔科夫模型能够更好地适应数据的波动性,模拟效果更好。因此,在改进灰色模型的基础上辅以马尔科夫模型,形成改进的灰色马尔科夫模型,发挥出灰色模型与马尔科夫模型各自的优点,达到了更好的模拟效果。     

桂花种子沙藏后熟技术

介绍了规划种子沙藏后熟技术,包括采种、种子贮藏、水分控制、后熟催芽等方面的内容,以期为桂花播种育苗提供技术参考。     

Water/oil radial flow behavior near well bore zones in oil reservoir

The flow behavior of water and oil near well bore zones in oil reservoir is radial flow. Based on the fluid displacement experiments in radial systems, the equation describing radial flow is investigated and analytical solution about the relationship between relative permeability ratio and saturation is obtained. The analytical solution is used to treat the experiment results and the two phase flow behavior of water and oil is characterized. The results show that the analytical solution can characterize the actual flow of water and oil near well bore zone. According to the radial experiments, the saturation scope in which the relative permeability ratio and saturation is linear is smaller. The flow behavior of water and oil near well bore zones is complex and nonlinear.