Identification of bacteria associated with feline chronic gingivostomatitis using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods

Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity that causes severe pain and distress. There are currently no specific treatment methods available and little is known regarding its aetiology, although bacteria are thought to play a major role. The purpose of this study was to identify the oral bacterial flora in normal and diseased cats. Oral swabs were obtained from the palatoglossal folds of eight cats (three normal and five FCGS) and were subjected to microbiological culture. Pasteurella pneumotropica and Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida were the most prevalent species identified by culture methods in the normal and FCGS samples, respectively. Bacteria were also identified using culture-independent methods (bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing). For the normal samples, 158 clones were analysed and 85 clones were sequenced. Capnocytophaga canimorsus (10.8% of clones analysed) was the predominant species. Uncultured species accounted for 8.2% of clones analysed, and 43.7% of clones analysed represented potentially novel species. For the FCGS samples, 253 clones were analysed and 91 clones were sequenced. The predominant species was P. multocida subsp. multocida (51.8% of clones analysed). Uncultured species accounted for 8.7% of clones analysed, and 4.7% of clones analysed represented potentially novel species. It is concluded that the oral flora in cats with FCGS appears to be less diverse than that found in normal cats. However, P. multocida subsp. multocida is found to be significantly more prevalent in FCGS than in normal cats and consequently may be of aetiological significance in this disease.     

重组溶菌酶质粒pcDNAKLYZ治疗泌乳期奶牛乳房炎

通过比较注射人溶菌酶重组质粒pcDNAKLYZ的隐性乳房炎奶牛注射前后的奶样中细菌计数结果,对重组溶菌酶基因工程质粒治疗奶牛乳房炎的效果进行分析。对乳房炎患牛的156个乳区治疗前后312份奶样进行细菌培养,其中在注射前的乳样的培养结果中,阴性率为0（0/156）,菌落数在50以内的比率为12.82%（20/156）,在51～100的比率为16.67%（26/156）,大于等于100的比率为70.51%（110/150）;在注射人溶菌酶的重组质粒pcDNAKLYZ后的奶牛乳样的培养结果中,阴性率为51.92%（81/156）,菌落数在50以内的比率为45.51%（71/156）,菌落数在51～100的比率为0%（0/156）,大于等于100的比率为2.56%（4/156）。因此,从细菌计数结果来看,重组质粒组的阴性及小于50的比率（97.44%）远高于治疗前（12.82%）,重组质粒的抑菌效果显著（P〈0.05）,该重组质粒对奶牛乳房炎具有较好的治疗效果。     

猪丹毒丝菌生产用菌种CVCC43005株最高扩繁代次的确定及疫苗佐剂的筛选

为研究猪丹毒丝菌CVCC43005株作为生产用菌种的最高扩繁代次以及新型佐剂对该菌种免疫原性的影响,在对猪丹毒丝菌CVCC43005株形态、生化特性、培养特性、纯粹性、血清学特性、真空度、剩余水分含量、毒力及免疫原性等研究的基础上,建立了猪丹毒丝菌CVCC43005株种子批。将CVCC43005株(1986年冻干)用培养基进行了20次传代(F1~F20),并对其中的F5、F10、F15、F20代进行冻干并抽检测定。结果显示:抽检的各代次菌种均纯粹,形态、生化特性、培养特性均符合猪丹毒丝菌的特性,血清型为2型,真空度检查均呈现白色、粉色或紫色辉光,剩余水分含量均<3.0%,9~10CFU活菌皮下注射体重18~22g小白鼠,均于7日内5/5死亡。将抽检的各代次菌种制成铝胶佐剂灭活疫苗,免疫16~18g小白鼠后均能产生10/10保护。以F5代菌株制备菌液,甲醛灭活后,分别用铝胶佐剂、矿物质白油佐剂、洛阳赛威公司的水溶性佐剂、水性复合免疫佐剂以及法国赛比克公司的MONTANIDETMIMS1313VGNST、GEL01PR6种佐剂制备灭活疫苗,经无菌及安全检查合格后进行16~18g小白鼠免疫效果对比实验,最终确定猪丹毒丝菌CVCC43005株基础种子代数为F1~F10代,生产用菌种的最高扩繁代次宜控制在5代以内,法国赛比克公司的GEL01PR佐剂为猪丹毒灭活疫苗的最佳佐剂。该菌种作为生产用菌种最高扩繁代次的确定及疫苗佐剂的筛选,为修订菌种检定依据奠定了基础。     

紫色土植物促生菌筛选及其复合菌剂对生姜种苗的促生效应

从轮作蔬菜紫色土中筛选出3株不同的植物促生菌(PGPB)菌株,分别为具自生固氮能力的解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GN03)、具溶磷作用的短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus RP01)和具解钾作用的环状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus circulans JK02),将3种菌株配制成复合菌剂进行生姜种苗盆栽试验。结果表明,接种牛粪-拌施复合菌剂处理总体表现最优,与牛粪-拌施市售生物菌肥处理相比,根际细菌自生固氮菌、溶磷菌和解钾菌数量显著增高了1 674.1%、8 709.1%和225.2%;土壤速效磷、速效钾含量显著提高了87.5%和23.0%;姜苗分蘖数、叶面积和地上部、地下部干质量分别提高了40.0%、45.9%和28.6%、25.0%。应用适宜的PGPB复合菌剂对紫色土微生态环境和生姜种苗的生长有较好的促进效应。     

Studies on the mechanism of polyuria induced by cortisol excess in the dog

Summary

Water balance studies were performed in 7 experimental dogs before and during a period of cortisol‐induced polyuria and in one dog with spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism before and after removal of an adrenocortical carcinoma. Measurements of urine and plasma osmolality and plasma arginine vasopressin concentration were made at regular intervals during the water deprivation studies. The results indicate that cortisol does not block the release of vasopressin but interferes with its action in the kidney.     

耐高浓度铬(Ⅵ)细菌的分离筛选和鉴定

[目的]筛选耐高浓度Cr(Ⅵ)的细菌。[方法]以江苏某电镀厂排污口含Cr(Ⅵ)污泥为分离对象,采用选择压力法分离筛选出一批耐Cr(Ⅵ)细菌,测定分离得到的菌株耐不同浓度Cr(Ⅵ)的能力,并对9株高耐Cr(Ⅵ)细菌的分类地位进行了确定。[结果]从Cr污染土壤中筛选出26株能够耐受Cr(Ⅵ)的细菌,其中有9株细菌能够耐受300 mg/L及以上浓度的Cr(VI)。常规生理生化试验和16S rDNA测序结果表明,这9株细菌分别属于下列6个属:Arthrobacter、Bacillus、Ochrobactrum、Microbacterium、Amycolatopsis、Pusillimonas。[结论]这9株细菌在Cr(Ⅵ)污染生境的修复中存在潜在的应用价值。     

热生物处理法在奶牛场与牛奶加工厂废水COD指标处理效果

为了解热生物处理法在奶牛场与牛奶加工厂废水处理中的应用效果,通过利用在高温条件下发挥高效率的嗜热微生物与常温下具有活性的微生物组合,在相应的容器内进行曝气降解,对水质COD指标进行检测。结果显示:奶牛场和牛奶加工厂的污水经过热—温循环生物处理后,CODcr值明显下降,从初始的2896mg/L和2602 mg/L分别降至800.3 mg/L和870.3 mg/L。结果说明处理效果比较显著,对于牛奶加工厂洗涤用高温废水,尤为适用。     

中国林蛙皮肤抗菌肽的分离纯化及部分特性研究

从长白山林蛙养殖场购买林蛙 ,用冷水清洗林蛙 ,断头后迅速剥离皮肤 ,清洗血液后剪碎 ,经 80 %的甲醇抽提 3次 ;再经组织捣碎机捣碎 ,用 80 %的甲醇抽提 2次 ;再经葡聚糖凝胶过滤。实验结果表明 ,林蛙皮肤中小分子活性多肽经葡聚糖凝胶过滤得到纯度较高的抗菌活性肽 ;林蛙皮肤中小分子活性多肽对革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌都具有一定的抗菌作用 ;经醋酸纤维薄膜电泳 ,表明其具有较强的阳离子特征 ;SDS - -PAGE电泳分析表明为单一区带 ,林蛙皮肤中小分子抗菌活性多肽的相对分子量为 6 .2 8ku。