拟南芥T1N6_22在抵抗Pst DC3000侵染过程中的功能分析

【目的】明确拟南芥抗灰霉病基因T1N6_22在抗Pst DC3000过程中的功能,分析T1N6_22影响拟南芥对Pst DC3000的抗性原因。【方法】对t1n6_22突变体和转基因回复突变体（t1n6_22/T1N6_22）接种Pst DC3000,检测其症状;采用间苯胺蓝染色法检测接种突变体中胼胝质的积累情况;测定接种叶片中Pst DC3000的生长量,明确T1N6_22在拟南芥抗Pst DC3000过程中的功能。利用RT-PCR技术,检测SA、JA和ET对T1N6_22表达的影响及T1N6_22对抗病防御相关基因表达的影响;利用quantitative real-time PCR技术,检测Pst DC3000对T1N6_22及抗病相关基因表达的影响,分析T1N6_22影响拟南芥对Pst DC3000的抗性原因。【结果】t1n6_22突变体接种Pst DC3000后表现明显的抗病症状,而回复突变体t1n6_22/T1N6_22和拟南芥野生型表现明显的感病症状。SA处理拟南芥野生型,T1N6_22的表达量明显增强,经JA和ACC处理,该基因的表达量无显著变化。t1n6_22突变体中,PAL、PR4、PPO、SOD和CAT的表达水平均明显高于野生型Col-0和转基因回复植株。接种Pst DC3000后,拟南芥野生型中T1N6_22及抗病相关基因PR1、PR3、PR5和PDF1.2的表达量明显增强。【结论】T1N6_22在拟南芥抗Pst DC3000过程中起负调控作用,T1N6_22的表达受SA诱导,可能主要通过调节植物的次生代谢产物的分泌影响拟南芥对Pst DC3000的抗性。     

ABC转运蛋白与巴西橡胶树产胶代谢

ABC转运蛋白（ATPBindingCassettetransporter）是目前已知最大、功能最广泛的蛋白家族之一。大多数ABC转运蛋白都能利用水解ATP释放的能量直接转运底物。许多研究结果显示,植物ABC转运蛋白在各种代谢产物的跨膜转运中起着重要作用。橡胶的产胶代谢是一种典型的植物类异戊二烯次生代谢．是影响橡胶产量的首要因素。相关实验结果显示,ABC转运蛋白可能参与橡胶树产胶代谢。本文介绍了模式植物拟南芥中的ABC转运蛋白研究进展,并对ABC转运蛋白与橡胶树产胶代谢的关系进行讨论。     

转耐辐射球菌irrE基因提高拟南芥盐胁迫耐受性的表型分析

耐辐射球菌中的irrE基因作为一种全局性调节因子,在抵御极端辐射照射时起着至关重要的作用。利用农杆菌介导的花序浸染法,将irrE基因转化拟南芥,筛选和鉴定出表达irrE的植株,并分析了转基因植株的盐胁迫耐受能力。结果显示,转irrE拟南芥表现出对盐胁迫的耐受性提高;在盐胁迫下,转基因拟南芥体内脯氨酸含量比野生型有明显的提高。RNA半定量分析显示转基因植株中AtNHX1表达水平升高。因此推测irrE基因在转基因拟南芥中调控了AtNHX1的表达,引起了植株的盐胁迫耐受性提高。     

拟南芥未知基因At018融合蛋白原核表达条件的优化及纯化

本课题组在前期的研究中利用Al Cl3胁迫筛选碱茅全长c DNAs酵母表达文库获得到一个与铝毒害相关的未知基因(基因编号为018,用put018表示),该基因与拟南芥中未知基因(基因号为At5g57345,本研究中用At018表示)有较高的同源性。为了获得At018的纯化蛋白,本研究将拟南芥At018基因克隆后构建原核表达载体p GEX-6p-3-At018,再将其转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,利用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)进行诱导表达。同时运用传统方法优化诱导条件,以提高重组融合蛋白的表达效率。SDS-PAGE分析结果表明,30℃下0.1 mmol/L IPTG的条件下诱导3 h后,GST-At018融合蛋白的表达量最大,蛋白分子质量与预测值相符,该蛋白主要以可溶性形式存在;接着利用Glutathione Sepharose4 Fast Flow亲核层析树脂纯化最终获得GST-At018融合蛋白。本研究可为进一步进行At018的功能解析提供基础。     

拟南芥高迁移率族蛋白B族基因At2G34450的表达及功能鉴定(摘要)(英文)

[目的]研究高等真核生物细胞核中的高迁移率族蛋白B(HMGB)在植物胁迫反应的转录调控中的作用方式。[方法]克隆了拟南芥中编码HMGB蛋白的基因At2G33450,将其分别转化拟南芥并筛选出超表达的转基因植株,检测干旱、高盐等非生物胁迫对转基因拟南芥的影响。[结果]在盐或干旱胁迫下,过度表达At2G33450的转基因拟南芥与野生型相比,出现萌发及生长迟缓现象。[结论]HMGB蛋白家族中的At2G33450蛋白对各种胁迫条件下拟南芥的生长发育具有重要作用。     

拟南芥中一个与ABA信号途径相关未知蛋白质的研究初报

利用酵母双杂交系统在拟南芥cDNA文库中筛选出1个与ABI2有相互作用的未知蛋白质（AC）。在酵母系统中的进一步研究表明，AC与ABI1、ABI2有相互作用，其作用依赖于ABI1、ABI2的PP2C活性。在大肠杆菌中表达和纯化了与预测结果一致的AC蛋白质。构建了真核过量表达载体，转化拟南芥后筛选和鉴定出转基因AC植株。转基因植株的生理性状分析表明，AC基因的过量表达降低了植物对ABA敏感性。研究初步证明AC可能是脱落酸信号传导途径中的1个新信号分子。     

枯草芽孢杆菌草酸脱羧酶转化拟南芥研究初报

多种真菌在致病过程中会分泌草酸,这些草酸产生菌寄主范围广,可以导致上百种植物病害,造成世界范围农作物的严重减产。草酸可以通过氧化与脱羧两种途径降解。该研究克隆了枯草芽孢杆菌的草酸脱羧酶基因Yvrk,并构建其植物表达载体,通过农杆菌浸花转化拟南芥,收获种子,用除草剂Basta筛选获得15株转基因植株,对其中的11个株系分别离体接种菌核病菌,24h后量病斑,发现有6株转基因植株的病斑显著小于野生型。PCR验证发现大部分转基因植株确有Yvrk的存在,实验结果说明草酸脱羧酶基因确能一定程度上缓解真菌病害。     

Prediction and Expression Analysis of miRNAs Associated with Heat Stress in Oryza sativa

Computational prediction of potential microRNAs （miRNAs） and their target genes was performed to identify the miRNAs and genes associated with temperature response in rice. The data of temperature-responsive miRNAs of Arabidopsis, and miRNAs and the whole genome data of rice were used to predict potential miRNAs in Oryza sativa involved in temperature response. A total of 55 miRNAs were common in both the species, and 27 miRNAs were predicted at the first time in rice. Target genes were searched for these 27 miRNAs in rice genome following stringent criteria. Real time PCR based on expression analysis of nine miRNAs showed that majority of the miRNAs were down regulated under heat stress for rice cultivar Nagina 22. Furthermore, miR169, miR1884 and miR160 showed differential expression in root and shoot tissues of rice. Identification and expression studies of miRNAs during heat stress will advance the understanding of gene regulation under stress in rice.     

Constructive Approaches to Intellectual Property Complexity in Today＇s Agricultural Technology World

Essential to progress in plant biotechnology for deliverable applications, patent and patent application data must be transparent in order to determine where there is whitespace for innovation.     

Evaluating the utility of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model for understanding heterosis in hybrid crops

Despite the phenomenon of heterosis having been used to improve crop productivity for almost a century, there is little understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved. Heterosis has been described recently in the widely used plant model Arabidopsis thaliana. To assess the opportunity afforded by this system, we have developed, through pollination to a male sterile female parent (Ler ms1), a range of hybrids of A. thaliana accessions. We tested this method of hybrid production in A. thaliana by comparing seed produced by natural pollination and hand pollination of emasculated plants. Our results demonstrate that using male sterile lines, which more closely represent methods used for hybrid crop production, circumvents the problems associated with the analysis of hybrids produced from emasculated plants. We identified hybrid combinations exhibiting mid-parent heterosis for vegetative fresh weight ranging from −9 to 103% and characterised heterosis in the reciprocal hybrids of one strongly heterotic combination. We found no evidence of a relationship between the extent of genetic relatedness of A. thaliana accessions and the strength of heterosis exhibited by their hybrids. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.