鄂东地区人工影响天气应急作业基地建设探讨

人工影响天气工作是气象部门防灾减灾的重要技术手段,而人工影响天气作业应急基地建设又是人工影响天气工作的基础。在鄂东地区人工影响天气应急作业基地建设需求分析的基础上,介绍了鄂东地区人工影响天气应急作业基地的建设目标及建设内容,并阐述了相应的保障措施。     

响应面法优化酶改性大豆分离蛋白条件的研究

以大豆分离蛋白为原料,利用中性蛋白酶水解大豆分离蛋白。采用单因素试验和中心组合实验设计,通过响应面分析pH、大豆分离蛋白质量分数、酶用量、反应温度、反应时间对大豆分离蛋白乳化性的影响,并优化酶解工艺参数。结果表明：大豆分离蛋白酶改性的最佳工艺条件为：pH为7．1、大豆分离蛋白质量分数为5．6％、酶用量为5000U~mE-1、反应温度为51℃、反应时间为117min,该条件下得到改性后大豆分离蛋白的乳化活性为1．390。     

陕南杜仲低效林改造技术

为提高经营效益和产品的经济价值,根据杜仲低产低效的成因,现将杜仲低产低效效林改造技术介绍。     

氧化条件对改性木质素制备环保型纤维板性能的影响

以过氧化氢为氧化剂,采用氧化改性方法分别在酸、碱条件下对工业木质素进行氧化改性。由于酸、碱条件下的氧化机理不同,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱与紫外光谱分析得出酸、碱条件下,工业木质素的主要官能团均发生了不同程度的变化,两种条件下木质素分子结构变化存在差异。以氧化剂用量为单因素的制板试验结果表明,酸性条件下氧化剂用量为10%时,板材各项物理力学性能较优;碱性条件下氧化剂用量为30%时板材各项物理力学性能较优。氧化条件和氧化剂用量对板材性能影响规律明显。     

原州区头营库井灌区节水改造工程建设必要性

灌区节水改造工程将彻底改变原有老灌区畦田田块面积过大和"大水漫灌"的粗放型灌溉方式,充分提高了灌溉水的利用率。     

土壤调理剂界面改性对黄灌区盐碱离子迁移特性的影响

[目的] 通过调理剂进行亲水和疏水处理,探究调理剂不同界面特性对黄灌区土壤水盐运移规律的影响,揭示粉煤灰基土壤调理剂对盐碱地的改良机理,为不同类型盐碱地改良提供科学参考。[方法] 以宁夏回族自治区苏打盐碱土为例,设置土柱试验探究调理剂改性前后土壤中不同盐离子在空间上的运移规律。[结果] 添加未改性调理剂、亲水改性调理剂、疏水改性调理剂后,表层脱盐率分别为79.72%,59.91%和84.79%,远高于未加调理剂的12.64%。较添加未改性调理剂组相比,亲水性处理组含水量提高6.59%,全盐量提高了47.13%;疏水性处理组土壤含水量降低了0.67%,全盐量降低了25.22%;pH值分别从10.5降低至8.08,8.71;表层Na⁺含量分别降低10.39%和30.46%,K⁺含量分别降低10.22%和45.93%。[结论] 调理剂的界面特性可显著影响土壤中水盐运移。疏水处理更能提升调理剂对盐碱地的改良效果,强化盐分随土壤水的下渗对盐碱地改良更为重要。     

前处理方法对杨木木粉改性反应以及改性木粉热流动性的影响

研究了几种前处理方法对杨木木粉的改性反应和改性杨木木粉热流动性、溶解性的影响。发现加热预处理和饱和氯水前处理都会使木素的三维结构产生变化，从而使羟乙基化木粉产生热流动性，同时也降低了苄基化木粉的粘流温度（Ｔｆ０。几种前处理方法也使改性木粉在某些溶剂中的溶解度有不同程度的提高。     

氯化锌改性樱桃核基生物炭对恩诺沙星的吸附效果

恩诺沙星（enrofloxacin,ENR）是农业生产中广泛使用的一种抗菌药,其药物残留和耐药危害导致了严重的生态风险。因此,降低或消除ENR残留是生态农业的重点研究内容。该研究利用果业废弃物——樱桃核,通过高温氧化法和氯化锌腐蚀造孔技术,将其制备成一种改性生物炭,用于降低和消除水体ENR污染度。通过比表面积分析和电镜扫描比对,与直接氧化制备的生物炭（primitive biochar,PBC）相比,氯化锌改性生物炭（biochar of ZnCl₂ modification,Zn-BC）呈大孔径多片层结构,每层分布大量蜂窝状孔隙,其比表面积多达1 148.79m²/g,对ENR的最大吸附量显著提高。傅里叶变换红外光谱（Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, FT-IR）和X射线电子能谱（X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS）分析表明,Zn-BC具有更多含氧基团,促进其与ENR形成更多配合物,吸附机制可能与孔隙填充、π-π键相互作用、氢键作用有关;吸附动力学和吸附等温模型拟合发现,PBC和Zn-BC均与准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型吻合较好,证实表征分析结果与吸附机理相呼应;热力学分析进一步表明两种生物炭对ENR吸附为自发、熵增加和放热过程。综上,与PBC相比,Zn-BC吸附面积大、效率高,是消除水体ENR残留污染的良好材料。     

Use of clomipramine in the treatment of anxiety-related and obsessive-compulsive disorders in cats

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of a treatment protocol for anxiety-related and obsessive-compulsive disorders in cats.
Design A study was undertaken to assess the clinical response in cats diagnosed with anxiety-related or obsessive-compulsive disorders to a treatment regimen that included clomipramine and behaviour modification.
Procedure The study group of 11 cats was acquired through referral. A detailed behavioural and clinical history was obtained. Presenting signs were urine spraying in seven cases, overgrooming in three and excessive vocalisation in one. Clomipramine was administered orally once daily. The mean starting dose was 0.4 mg/kg. If necessary, the dose was adjusted according to the clinical response of each cat. A behaviour modification program was designed and the owner instructed on its implementation. Cats were to continue on medication for at least 1 month after clinical signs disappeared, then medication withdrawal was to be attempted by decreasing the clomipramine dose progressively at weekly intervals while the behaviour modification program continued.
Results In all cases the presenting clinical sign was largely improved or disappeared. One cat was removed from the study by the owner. Four cats became lethargic at higher doses, but this resolved when the clomipramine dose was reduced. The average maintenance dosage was 0.3 mg/kg once daily. Clomipramine withdrawal was attempted in two cases: the behaviour returned in one case and the medication was reinstated at 0.3 mg/kg twice daily.
Conclusion Clomipramine was effective in controlling the signs of anxiety-related and obsessive-compulsive disorders in 10 of 10 assessable cases when used in combination with behaviour modification. Clomipramine was well tolerated.