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131.
132.
Molecular wheat breeding by direct gene transfer 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
A method for efficient genetic transformation of wheat has been developed using immature embryos as targets for microprojectile-mediated
gene transfer and a helium driven particle delivery system. Screening and selection of transgenic cells, somatic embryos and
regenerated plants are performed with the gus-gene and the phosphinothricin acetyl transferase (bar) gene coding for Basta-resistance
as the selectable marker. On average, one fertile transgenic plant can be obtained from about 100 microprojectile treated,
immature embryos. The number of integrated copies of the transferred gene ranges from 1 up to about 10. Stable integrated
genes are inherited in most of the transgenic lines in a normal mendelian fashion segregating 3:1 in the F2. Homozygous, as well as heterozygous, lines have been followed and analysed genetically at the molecular level and up to
F5. Apart from normal stable gene expression, examples have also been found which showed a loss of gene activity or unexpected
segregation pattern. For applied aspects, different genes are transferred aiming for improved disease resistance, modification
of quality, or other characteristics. First results from these transgenic lines are reported, and problems still existing
with the production of stable transgenic wheat lines are discussed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
133.
平面二次包络环面蜗杆副的失配修形 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出平面二次包络环面蜗杆副失配啮合分析的两种新方法:齿面相切法和齿面零间隙法。失配平面二次包络环面蜗杆副啮合分析表明:I型传动对误差不十分敏感,但同时接触齿数少;标准型和Ⅱ型传动对误差十分敏感。本文提出失配修形法,用标准蜗杆与由Ⅱ型滚刀加工的蜗轮失配啮合,使蜗杆副初装时对误差不敏感,跑合后得到良好的接触质量。 相似文献
134.
K. D. Sharma Praveen Kumar L. P. Gough J. R. Sanfilipo 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2004,15(2):163-176
Extensive lignite mining in the Indian (Thar) Desert commenced within the past decade. Accompanying extraction of this valuable resource there have been visible, important environmental impacts. The resultant land degradation has prompted concern from both public and regulatory bodies. This research assesses the success of rehabilitation plans implemented to revegetate a lignite mine‐disturbed area, near the village of Giral in western Rajasthan State. Rehabilitation success was achieved within the environmental constraints of this northwest Indian hot‐desert ecosystem using a combination of: (1) backfilling (abandoned pits) with minespoil and of covering the backfilled‐surfaces with fresh topsoil to a thickness of about 0·30 m; (2) use of micro‐catchment rainwater harvesting (MCWH) technique; (3) soil profile modification approaches; (4) plant establishment methodologies; and (5) the selection of appropriate germplasm material (trees, shrubs and grasses). Preliminary results indicate that the resulting vegetative cover will be capable of self‐perpetuation under natural conditions while at the same time meeting the land‐use requirements of the local people. The minespoil is alkaline in nature and has high electrical conductance. The average content of organic carbon, N, P and K is lower than in the regional topsoil. However, the concentration of Ca, Mg, Na and total S in the minespoil is much higher than in the topsoil. Further, the spoil material has no biological activity. Enhanced plant growth was achieved in MCWH plots, compared to control plots, where minespoil moisture storage was improved by 18–43 per cent. The rehabilitation protocol used at the site appears to have been successful because, in addition to the planted species, desirable native invasive species have become established. This study developed methods for the rehabilitation of lignite mine‐disturbed areas and has also resulted in an understanding of rehabilitation processes in arid regions with an emphasis on the long‐term monitoring of rehabilitation success. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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136.
[目的]将木材加工剩余物木粉和改性木粉作为废水中染料污染物的吸附剂,并探究其性能,为木粉高值化利用提供一种策略.[方法]以植酸(PA)为绿色改性剂接枝木粉制备了木粉基吸附剂(PA-WF),利用SEM-EDS、ATR-FTIR、XRD、BET对PA-WF的表面形貌、元素分布、官能团、孔隙度、比表面积、结晶度和结晶结构进行... 相似文献
137.
菠萝叶纤维的化学表面改性及其应用 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
概述国内外有关菠萝叶纤维化学表面改性的研究情况,介绍其主要的化学改性方法和改性后取得的结果,以及改性菠萝叶纤维在增强聚合物基复合材料中的应用研究。 相似文献
138.
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140.
为揭示铜藻(Sargassum horneri)细胞壁在砷(As)生物吸附中的作用,以铜藻幼苗为研究对象,测定了不同As胁迫浓度(50、100、150、200、250μmol·L-1)下细胞亚组分中的As含量变化,并对细胞壁的吸附动力学、细胞壁多糖As吸附效果以及细胞壁多糖傅里叶红外光谱进行了分析研究。结果表明:在低浓度(50μmol·L-1)As胁迫时,50.0%的As分布于细胞壁,明显高于其他组分;而在高浓度(≥150μmol·L-1)As胁迫时,As优势分布由细胞壁转向细胞可溶组分,细胞壁中的As比例下降至36.4%~37.3%。随着As胁迫浓度升高,细胞壁As含量呈上升趋势,当As胁迫浓度超过100μmol·L-1时,细胞壁As含量上升趋于平缓。细胞壁吸附动力学实验表明酯化改性和甲基化改性可降低细胞壁As吸附的平衡容量,其降幅分别为68.5%和42.9%,同时细胞壁多糖红外光谱分析结果也表明羟基、氨基、羧基、硫酸盐基等官能团为细胞壁As吸附提供了结合位点。细胞壁多糖体外吸附实验表明随着多糖浓... 相似文献