Phellinus torulosus on Cupressus sempervirens in Italy

Phellinus torulosus was reported for the first time on Cupressus sempervirens in Tuscany, Italy. This fungus causes white rot in roots and stems and may also invade and kill the cortical tissue. The invasion of trees by the fungus and its subsequent spread is probably facilitated by fire scars.     

Comparison of the modified Weibull and Richards growth function for developing site index equations

A site index model based on the Weibull cumulative distribution function was fitted to three stem analysis data sets of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill) BSP), white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). The resulting equations were compared with those based on the modified Richards' (1959) biological growth function (Ek 1971; Payandeh 1977, 1978). The Weibull-type model performed as well as or better than the biological growth function for white spruce and aspen, respectively, but it performed less accurately in the case of black spruce. The Weibull-type model appears to behave better, i.e., it produces more realistic height growth patterns, than the Richards function upon extrapolation particularly at young ages.     

Integrating traditional and local ecological knowledge into forest biodiversity conservation in the Pacific Northwest

The potential for traditional and local ecological knowledge to contribute to biodiversity conservation has been widely recognized, but the actual application of this knowledge to biodiversity conservation is not easy. This paper synthesizes literature about traditional and local ecological knowledge and forest management in the Pacific Northwest to evaluate what is needed to accomplish this goal. We address three topics: (1) views and values people have relating to biodiversity; (2) the resource use and management practices of local forest users, and their effects on biodiversity; (3) models for integrating traditional and local ecological knowledge into biodiversity conservation on public and private lands. We focus on the ecological knowledge of forest users belonging to three groups who inhabit the region: American Indians, family forest owners, and commercial nontimber forest product harvesters.     

F·Scott菲茨杰拉德与其经典短篇小说之美国梦研究

F· Scott 菲茨杰拉德对美国梦的探讨突出地表现在其长篇又系统地反映在其短篇.美国梦的实现,理论上标志着精神财富与物质财富并驾齐驱.由此产生的神秘色彩使人们对它向往已久,进而夸大其在社会发展过程中的动力作用.通过大量阅读和详尽分析,揭示出美国梦在菲小说中自起源至破灭的各个阶段,力图在肯定其积极作用的同时认识其具有西方文化特点的实质.     

24种白三叶种质材料在长沙的适应性研究

本文对来自不同地区的24种白三叶种质材料进行对比研究,调查不同种质材料在长沙2013年夏季旱灾后的恢复情况和2014年“倒春寒”后各种质材料的存活及返青情况。结果表明,植株高度和匍匐茎长短与白三叶耐旱情况成正比,而干旱后返青速度越快的白三叶材料,遇到寒冷时死亡速度越慢。同时从中选出了三类适合于华中地区种植的材料类型,第一类为既耐旱又耐寒的02485和海发,第二类为较耐旱不耐寒,但返青速度快的02478、00858、CF022549和00605,第三类为不耐旱但耐寒、返青速度快的百事吉、和谐、贵州大方和02587。     

白蜡木、黑胡桃木、橄榄木的干缩湿胀特性研究

实木制品的干缩湿胀性直接影响其尺寸稳定性,对白蜡木、黑胡桃木和橄榄木的干缩湿胀特性研究结果表明：三种木材全干状态下的体积干缩率分别为13.88%、10.85%、9.89%,气干状态下的体积干缩率分别为4.89%、4.71%、4.14%,气干至饱水状态下的体积湿胀率分别为18.28%、12.82%、11.54%,全干至气干状态下的体积湿胀率分别为5.94%、4.20%、3.96%。三种木材中白蜡木的干缩湿胀性最强,黑胡桃木次之,橄榄木最小。研究结果对实木制品用材含水率的控制具有一定的指导意义。     

卵黏蛋白:结构组成、理化性质、在浓蛋白液化中的作用及营养调控

鸡蛋是最好的动物源蛋白之一,其蛋白中的卵黏蛋白(3.5%)对浓蛋白凝胶性、哈夫单位起主要作用,鸡蛋中卵黏蛋白含量及存在形式是影响鸡蛋蛋白品质的主要因素,从而影响鸡蛋的可接受性。本文简要综述了卵黏蛋白的结构组成、理化性质、在浓蛋白液化过程中的作用和可能机制以及营养调控途径,为调控鸡蛋蛋白品质提供参考。     

安吉白茶对柱状黄杆菌抑菌机理的研究

为探讨安吉白茶对柱状黄杆菌的抑菌机理,本试验通过测定安吉白茶提取液与细菌作用前后培养液电导率和紫外吸收物的变化,以及菌体磷代谢和可溶糖的变化,初步阐明了安吉白茶对柱状黄杆菌的抑菌机理。研究结果显示,经安吉白茶提取液处理后,细菌培养液的电导率和可溶糖浓度均增大,菌悬液中的紫外吸收物也随作用时间的延长而增加,表明安吉白茶提取液可破坏细胞膜的结构、导致细胞通透性增加,进而使细胞内容物外泄。此外,经安吉白茶处理后的柱状黄杆菌对磷的消耗量降低,以致严重影响了核酸、磷脂等细胞重要成分的合成及能量代谢,导致细菌正常生理功能的丧失。结果表明,安吉白茶可通过破坏菌体细胞膜及干扰磷代谢等途径抑制柱状黄杆菌的生长。     

克氏原螯虾CSGalNAcT-1基因功能初步研究

为探究硫酸软骨素N-乙酰半乳糖胺基转移酶-1（chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-1,CSGalNAcT-1）在克氏原螯虾免疫反应中的作用,利用RACE技术成功获得克氏原螯虾CSGalNAcT-1基因完整cDNA序列,并通过荧光定量PCR分析该基因在各组织中的表达模式以及在CpG寡脱氧核苷酸（ODN）、嗜水气单胞菌和白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）刺激后的表达情况。结果显示,克氏原螯虾CSGalNAcT-1基因在中肠的相对表达量最高,其次是近胃段肠,在心脏、胃、肌肉和围食道神经中的相对表达量较低。克氏原螯虾肝胰腺、血细胞中CSGalNAcT-1基因表达量在嗜水气单胞菌和WSSV刺激下呈现出下调及上调,而在注射免疫刺激剂CpG ODN后,CSGalNAcT-1基因表达水平在大部分组织中呈现上调。表明克氏原螯虾CSGalNAcT-1基因可能在抵御外界病原侵染以及增强自身免疫反应的过程中发挥重要作用。