温水浸种对旱冬瓜冷藏种子发芽的影响

为了解温水浸种对旱冬瓜种子发芽的影响,采用初始温度为50℃的温水分别0、3、6、12、24和48 h的不同时间浸泡冷藏(约4℃温度)1 a的旱冬瓜种子。结果种子平均发芽率、发芽势和发芽时间分别为35.0%~44.8%、19.3%~24.5%和11.3~12.7 d;虽然温水浸泡种子略微提高了发芽率,但处理间此3个指标无显著差异(P=0.122~0.2710.05)。通过冷藏可延长种子贮藏时间,实现播种时间的调整。     

四川桤木秋季嫩枝扦插效应分析

研究表明，四川桤木扦插其采穗母树年龄越小则穗条扦插生根率就越高；四川桤木优良单株间其穗条扦插生根率有显著差异；穗条带顶芽或带一片叶可显著提高穗条生根率；GGR生根剂不同浓度处理后的穗条(采穗母树5．8年生)其生根率有显著差异。     

Dry matter production and nutrient cycling in agroforestry systems of cardamom grown underAlnus and natural forest

A study on dry matter production and nutrient cycling in agroforestry systems of cardamom grown under N₂-fixingAlnus and mixed tree species (non-N₂-fixing) was carried out in the Sikkim Himalaya. The stand total biomass, and tiller number, basal area and biomass of cardamom crop was much higher under the influence ofAlnus. Annual net primary productivity ofAlnus trees was slightly higher than mixed tree species in spite of lower stand density ofAlnus. The agronomic yield of cardamom increased by 2.2 times under the canopy ofAlnus. Litter production and its disappearance rates were also higher in theAlnus-cardamom stand. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of different components ofAlnus were higher than those of mixed tree species, whereas their back translocation from leaf before abscission was lower inAlnus. The cardamom based agroforestry system under the influence ofAlnus was more productive with faster rates of nutrient cycling. The poor nutrient conservation and low nutrient use efficiency ofAlnus, and malleability of nutrient cycling under its influence make it an excellent association which promotes higher availability and faster cycling of nutrients.     

西南桤木木塑复合材料处理工艺的研究

以西南桤木作为试材,注入不饱和烯烃类单体。通过正交试验,分析了真空度、真空时间、浸注压力和加压时间4个因素对木材单体留存率的影响。并用光学显微镜和扫描电镜检测浸渍处理后高聚物在木材细胞壁内的分布情况。提出了较为理想的西南桤木木塑复合材处理工艺参数,能初步实现西南桤木木塑复合材的有效制备。     

优良阔叶树种——桤木的分布、生长与利用

通过引种栽培和原产地的生态环境及生长状况的调查,主要阐述了桤木的适生环境及在不同生态条件下的生长发育规律;总结了桤木的多种利用途径。桤木是一种适应性强、生长迅速和具有广泛用途的优良阔叶树种,值得进一步研究和引种推广。     

桤木薪炭林群落学特征及生物量的研究

本文对桤木人工薪炭林群落学特征做了分析,桤木薪炭林是人工造林配置的树种,故群落简单。对估测桤木人工薪炭林乔木层生物量建立了多个数学模型,选用W_(树干)=147.1914D~(2.0616)、W_(枝条)=37.5577D~(2.3962)、W_(叶)=31.0578(D~2H)~(0.7776)和W_(地上部分)=258.6222D~(2.0622)幂函数方程,分别获得各器官的生物量,树干重8895.720kg/ha,枝条重3657.651kg/ha,叶重3345.324kg/ha,乔木层地上部分总重量15898.696kg/ha。对林下灌木和草本植物采用收割法测定,灌木地上部分生物量为2265kg/ha,草本植物地上部分生物量为459kg/ha。所以桤木人工薪炭林的地上部分生物量为18622.696kg/ha。     

台湾桤木花粉生活力测定方法初探

以台湾桤木新鲜花粉为试材,采用花粉离体培养萌芽法,对台湾桤木花粉萌发的适宜液体培养基进行了筛选研究,结果表明:台湾桤木花粉离体培养的适宜培养液为:10%蔗糖 100 mg/L硼酸,最适培养温度为25℃;通过TTC染色法、I2-KI染色法、过氧化物酶沉淀法等方法的比较,找出快速测定台湾桤木花粉生活力的方法,结果表明:过氧化物酶沉淀法是快速测定台湾桤木花粉生活力的适宜方法。     

Biomass and production of fine and coarse roots of trees under agrisilvicultural practices in north-east India

An understanding of the rooting pattern of tree species used in agroforestry systems is essential for the development and management of systems involving them. Seasonal variation, depth wise and lateral distribution of biomass in roots of different diameter classes and their annual production were studied using sequential core sampling. The investigations were carried out in four tree species under tree only and tree+crop situations at ICAR Research Farm, Barapani (Meghalya), India. The tree species were mandarin (Citrus reticulata), alder (Alnus nepalensis), cherry (Prunus cerasoides) and albizia (Paraserianthes falcataria). The contribution of fine roots to the total root biomass ranged from 87% in albizia to 77% in mandarin. The bulk of the fine roots (38% to 47%) in the four tree species was concentrated in the upper 10 cm soil layer, but the coarse roots were concentrated in 10–20 cm soil depth in alder (46%) and albizia (51%) and at 0–10 cm in cherry (41%) and mandarin (48%). In all the four tree species, biomass of both fine- and coarse-roots followed a unimodal growth curve by showing a gradual increase from spring (pre-rainy) season to autumn (post rainy) season. Biomass to necromass ratio varied between 2 to 3 in the four tree species. The maximum (3.2) ratio was observed during spring and the minimum (2) in the rainy season. In alder and albizia, the fine roots were distributed only up to 1 m distance from the tree trunk but in the other two species they were found at a distance up to 1.5 m from the tree trunk. The annual fine root production varied from 3.6 Mg ha^–1 to 6.2 Mg ha^–1 and total production from 4.2 to 8.4 Mg ha^–1 in albizia to mandarin, respectively. Cherry and mandarin had a large number of woody roots in the surface layers which pose physical hindrance during soil working and intercultural operations under agroforestry. But the high biomass of roots of these two species may be advantageous for sequential or spatially separated agroforestry systems. However, alder and albizia have the most desirable rooting characteristics for agroforestry systems.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Chemical modification of rain water byAlnus japonica wetland forest in Kiritapp mire, eastern Hokkaido, Japan

A survey was made of seasonal changes in pH and electronic conductivity (EC) of precipitation inAlnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud. forest in Kiritapp mire, Hokkaido, Japan. The average pH of throughfall and stem flow was higher than that of bulk deposition. When the pH of bulk deposition exceeded 5.5, however, pH of throughfall and stem flow was lower than that of bulk deposition. The EC of stem flow was always higher than throughfall, and that of throughfall higher than that of bulk deposition. The EC of stem flow was highest during the first defoliation period ofA. japonica. On the other hand, the differences in the EC of throughfall and bulk deposition was very few just after the first defoliation period ofA. japonica. This implies that the chemical properties of throughfall and stem flow are strongly affected by the phenology of the plants.