Effects of flooding depth on growth,morphology and photosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Alnus japonica</Emphasis> species

The present study deals with effects of flooding depth on growth, morphology and photosynthesis in Alnus japonica species thorough one field study and two controlled experiments. In the field study performed in Kushiro Mire, Hokkaido Island, Japan, tree heights and stem diameters decreased with an increase in water depth accompanied with the reduction of soil redox potential. In contrast, the rate of multiple stems per individual tree increased. In the controlled experiments for seedlings flooding suppressed the shoot elongation and biomass increment in roots. However, diameter increment around water levels, epicormic shoot development and adventitious root formation were enhanced in flooded seedlings. The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of flooded seedlings also were lowered with an increase in flooding depth. The recovery of the reduced photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance occurred simultaneously with the advancement of adventitious root formation in the flooded seedlings. These results indicate the importance of a series of morphological changes occurring on stems around water levels in flood tolerance in A. japonica species.     

云南旱冬瓜的生物学、生态学特性及地理分布

从形态特征、物候学特性、生长特性等方面论述了旱冬瓜的生物学特性.从适生环境条件、木材特性、主要生态作用等个体生态学特性方面阐明了旱冬瓜的生态学特性.并从它的水平和垂直分布论述了其地理分布.旱冬瓜对山地土壤的改良有较好作用,是营建生态林、用材林等多功能林的优良树种.为此提出进行旱冬瓜的优树选择和种源对比试验,建立良种基地进行良种繁育.     

四川桤木无性系采穗圃修枝与施肥试验初报

为提高四川桤木无性系采穗圃穗务产量,对其无性系进行了修枝与施肥试验,试验表明：在无性系定杆150cm高时,将其抽发的侧枝进行短截修剪,修剪强度以轻、中短截效果最佳,可显著提高无性系穗条产量,在无性系定杆120cm高时,施用氮肥可显著提高无性系穗条产量?     

Effect of seed coverings and seed pretreatments on the germination response of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Alnus glutinosa</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Betula pubescens</Emphasis> seeds

The germination of common alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) and downey birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) seeds is often poor in bare-root nurseries. The effect of a variety of seed coverings and a few seed pretreatments on seedling emergence was examined in this study in an attempt to address this problem. Seeds of each species were sown in trays containing nursery soil, covered with grit, gravel, sand, combinations of these coverings, a hydromulch or a sealed plastic cloche and then incubated for 6 weeks at 17–20°C. The grit combined with sand or gravel, the hydromulch and the cloche increased seedling emergence when compared with the standard grit. In another experiment, seeds of each species were fully imbibed (FI) (>50% moisture content, MC), as per standard practice, or adjusted to target MC (TMC) (30–35% MC) levels, and then chilled to release dormancy. Some seeds of each MC treatment were primed at 20°C for 2 days following chilling, after which all seeds were evaluated in laboratory tests and a nursery trial. Germination potential of the FI seeds declined in the lab tests by the second test date, which was reflected in low seedling emergence in the nursery in birch. The primed FI seeds of alder germinated most rapidly in the nursery, but other effects were not significant. Seedling emergence was better in the nursery in response to the TMC than the FI pretreatment in birch.

四川桤木嫩枝扦插育苗技术研究

研究表明 :桤木扦插育苗 ,穗条带顶芽或带 1片叶可显著提高穗条生根率 ,扦插时间则以 5月中旬～ 6月中旬和 9月上旬扦插生根率最高 ,GGR生根剂不同浓度处理后的穗条 (采穗母树 2 .5a生 )其生根率没有显著差异     

桤木叶片中NO与硝酸盐还原系统关系的研究

在桤木生长期间,叶片中的一氧化氧（ＮＯ）含量和一氧化氮合成酶（ＮＯＳ）活力随生长而变化,即生长初期水平较低,以后逐渐升高,生长高峰期达到最高值,随后在叶片开始衰老时下降,硝酸还原酶（ＮＲ）和谷氨酰胺合成酶（ＧＳ）的活力变化与ＮＯＳ活力的变化类似,但ＮＲ活力高峰出现比ＮＯＳ早,而ＧＳ活力高峰期在ＮＯＳ之后。用ＮＯ处理,叶片中ＮＯ含量和ＮＯＳ活力都有所增加,但ＮＲ活力只在幼苗中表现增加,而在离体枝条的     

四川桤木优株扦插繁育技术初报

引种栽培四川桤木4年后进行优株选择,在此基础上取优株1年生健壮穗条,采用不同浓度的GGR生根剂处理,在相同立地条件和培管措施下,分2、3、5、9月四个季节进行扦插育苗对比试验,结果表明:扦插季节对育苗成苗率有较大影响,运用200×10-6浓度的GGR处理穗条30 m in,成活率为91.33%,成苗效果最佳。     

桤木采穗圃无性系管理技术研究

研究表明:桤木无性系植株嫩枝总芽数主要取决于树龄和无性系遗传特性,同时与无性系植株定干高度、修枝、施肥等密切相关。在桤木无性系采穗圃中,无性系植株定干高度以90 cm为宜,无性系植株枝条宜进行轻短截,并加强施肥管理,既可提高嫩枝总芽数,又能扩大树冠,增强树势,提高采穗圃穗条的产量和质量。     

旱冬瓜体内7种矿质元素含量与立地土壤的相关性

采用原子吸收分光光度法和相关分析法对主要造林树种旱冬瓜体内各营养器官的 7种矿 质元素含量的分布规律、元素之间以及植物与立地土壤之间的相关性进行了研究。结果 表明,旱冬 瓜不同器官各元素含量有着显著的差异,K、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn在叶片中含量最多,C a在树皮中 含量最高;大多数元素在树干中含量最低。旱冬瓜对K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Cu有较强的吸收富 集能力, 对土壤富集系数大小依次为Mg>Ca>Cu>K>Zn>Mn>Fe,一般叶的富集系数最高。元素间和 元素与立地土壤的相关分析表明,K、Mg、Mn、Fe、 Cu之间有显著的相关性,Ca和Mn之 间的相关 性显著,除Fe元素外,植物体中K、Mg、Mn、Zn、Cu元素含量与土壤中元素含量关系相一 致。     

旱冬瓜乙醇乙醚提取液对云南松种子发芽后幼苗生长的化感效应

旱冬瓜是云南松混交林树种之一,为了解旱冬瓜对云南松的化感作用,用旱冬瓜鲜枝、鲜叶、树皮、树根、凋落物乙醇乙醚的提取液对云南松种子进行处理,观察对其发芽后幼苗生长的影响,所用的提取液浓度分别为800、400、150mg/kg。结果表明,高浓度提取液对云南松幼苗的鲜重、胚根长、胚轴长起抑制作用,随着提取液浓度的降低,抑制作用减弱、促进作用加强;鲜枝中所含对幼苗鲜重起促进作用的化感物质比其他器官多;树皮中所含对幼苗鲜重起抑制作用的化感物质比其他器官多,而所含对幼苗胚根长和胚轴长起抑制作用的化感物质比其他器官少;就不同测试指标的敏感性而言,3个测试项目的敏感性顺序是胚根长﹥胚轴长﹥鲜重。营造云南松旱冬瓜混交林时,应适当控制旱冬瓜的比例,以利于云南松幼苗的生长。