水电站高压岔管多节锥管过渡段的几何构形设计方法

 由于目前对高压钢岔管多节锥管过渡段的构形设计方法从整体上看不具有控制性的几何曲面构形,为此本文提出以单叶双曲回转面为多节锥管过渡段的近似曲面来进行构形的方法。     

中棉所45不同施氮水平的试验研究

试验结果表明,双价转基因抗虫棉新品种中棉所45,在豫东周口市麦棉套作区种植,适宜施N水平为112.5-187.5kg／hm2,皮棉产量可迭1259.45kg／hm2以上,产量构成因素协调,经济效益好,元氮肥纯增值4元,病虫害发生较轻,增值大。在较低施氮水平,能获得较高皮棉产量,高产低成本,是中棉所45在当地表现突出的优良特性。     

钢拱架塑料大棚棚体结构的应力测试

本文对设计研制的LPB—10型钢拱架塑料大棚棚体结构的模拟试验结果进行了分析研究,并与设计计算结果进行了对比分析。认为原设计方案是可行的,计算数据可靠,可在华北、华中、西北及东北大部地区推广使用。     

Analysis of introgression of the Tulipa fosteriana genome into Tulipa gesneriana using GISH and FISH

Southern hybridization and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) have demonstrated that ‘Purissima’ (2n = 2x = 24) is an interspecific hybrid comprised of one genome of Tulipa (T.) gesneriana and one genome of T. fosteriana. Backcrossing T. gesneriana with ‘Purissima’ was partially successful. Simultaneous GISH and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) distinguished chromosomes from both parent genomes, as well as recombinant chromosomes, in interspecific hybrids and their progeny. Chromosome recombination was observed in all cultivars except ‘Purissima’ and ‘Kouki’ (2n = 3x = 36). ‘Kouki’ (2n = 3x = 36) had two genomes of the T. gesneriana and a single genome of the T. fosteriana. The number of nonrecombinant T. fosteriana chromosomes in ‘Judith Leyster’ (2n = 4x = 48) and ‘Purissima’ progeny varied from two in ‘Hatsuzakura’ to six in ‘Kikomachi’ and ‘Momotaro’. The number and type of recombinant chromosomes also differed among cultivars. The total number of translocations ranged from one in ‘Kikomachi’ to six in ‘Hatsuzakura’. Each was a combination of a single T. fosteriana fragment and a single T. gesneriana fragment, indicating that they resulted from a single crossover event. Sequential GISH and FISH analysis with rDNA probes yielded chromosome-specific markers that were used to identify most of the chromosomes in ‘Purissima’ progeny. This is the first report of introgression of T. fosteriana chromatin into the T. gesneriana genome.     

E2Y45等防治水稻二化螟的效果

药剂筛选试验表明,18.5%E2Y45悬浮剂每667m²用3.6～5.4ml防治3代二化螟药后3d防效达95%以上,药后20d保苗效果达91.7%以上,防效理想,持效期长,对水稻安全.     

小麦抗叶锈病基因Lr45的SSR分子标记

用定位于2A染色体的59对SSR、EST-SSR引物,对小麦抗叶锈病基因Lr45进行分子标记,共筛选出11对揭示TcLr45多态性的引物。用157株F₂抗感群体对这11对引物进一步检测,得到4个与Lr45共分离的SSR标记(Xgwm95、Xgwm47、Xgwm372和Xgwm122)。将经PAGE检测的标记Xgwm95的抗感差异带及Xgwm47的抗性片段进行克隆测序发现其中含有微卫星序列,且均为二核苷酸重复。Xgwm372和Xgwm122经琼脂糖凝胶电泳发现与Lr45的供体黑麦有共同的标记片段,可直接用于分子标记辅助选择。     

通过暂时免疫抑制研究跨膜蛋白C末端缺失对EIAV疫苗株EIAV_(FDDV12)体内复制的影响

马传染性贫血病毒(EIAV)减毒疫苗是世界首例慢病毒疫苗,但其作用机理尚不明了。我们的前期研究发现EIAV疫苗株EIAVFDDV12编码跨膜蛋白gp45的基因在马体内发生高频率G2230A点突变形成终止子,使该蛋白C末端出现154个氨基酸的截短。为了探讨该截短蛋白对EIAV疫苗株生物学特性的作用,本研究以EIAV弱毒疫苗株感染性克隆基础上,构建了gp45截短型感染性克隆,脂质体转染细胞,增殖传代,获得病毒株EIAVFDDVTM-36,接种到马体内。在接种后167 d内未观察到临床症状,连续注射10 d地塞米松以暂时抑制免疫系统,并用迟发性超敏反应和淋巴细胞增殖实验评价免疫抑制效果。结果显示,截短型跨膜蛋白疫苗株EIAVFDDVTM-36接种组免疫抑制前后病毒载量和中和抗体效价差异不显著,而完整型跨膜蛋白疫苗株感染性克隆EIAVFDDVTM-45接种组4匹马中3匹免疫抑制后病毒载量显著上升,同时组内中和抗体效价明显提高。以上结果表明,马体特异性免疫压力对EIAVFDDVTM-36复制无影响,而对亲本株EIAVFDDVTM-45复制有抑制,显示跨膜蛋白截短型EIAV作为疫苗更为安全。但免疫抑制造成的gp45跨膜蛋白未截短型疫苗株感染性克隆体内病毒载量升高,可以促使机体产生更高的中和抗体效价,提示该疫苗的安全性和有效性在一定程度内呈负相关(相互制约)。因此,安全性和有效性的平衡是慢病毒减毒疫苗研发需注意的重要因素。     

玉米个体发育进程中控制叶片生长的基因效应差异性初探

通过对玉米各主要生育时期叶片性状的基因效应及配合力方差分析结果表明;玉米个体发育不同时期的叶片性状(单株出叶数、绿叶面积,出叶速率、叶面积增长速率)所受的基因主导效应是有较大差异的。因此,如果我们沿用以往的研究方法,以终结产物来推源(估算、推论)供试性状的基因型或基因效应,显然只能表示该性状终结阶段的状况,在此前后作用于该性状的基因效应不可能尽相一致的。     

柑桔树体性状与产量的相关研究

通过对血橙、温州蜜柑的调查和统计分析,探明了柑桔冠径、千周、叶面积系数和末级梢数对幼树早期产量有极显著影响,其中冠径、干周是早期丰产稳产的重要树体结构基础。树冠投影面积和复盖率与群体产量的关系较密切,二者共同对产量作用的决定程度最大,又互为制约和消长。为早果丰产栽培提供了依据。     

Detection of β2-agonists in milk replacer

₂-Agonist drugs may be illegally used as growth promoters for feedlot calves, when mixed into milk replacer immediately before feeding. To check for the presence of clenbuterol, salbutamol and terbutaline in such food, an analytical system was established using a screening method based on two commercial qualitative competitive ELISA tests, with antibodies raised against the arylamino group and thet-butyl group. The extraction procedure was based on precipitation of the milk samples with acetonitrile followed by filtration. The absence of any significant interference by other substances in the filtrate allowed detection of ₂-agonist drugs in spiked samples at the lowest concentration having a repartitioning effect (50 ppb for clenbuterol, mabuterol and terbutaline, 500 ppb for salbutamol). In view of a false positive response with tetracycline in milk samples and a cross-reaction between clenbuterol and mabuterol, an HPLC-MS technique was developed which, after extraction and purification of the samples with SPE C18 Polar Plus, was able to confirm the presence of these drugs. The good recovery after extraction (ranging from 84% to 90.2%) and the low detection limit with this method (250 ng/ml for clenbuterol, mabuterol and terbutaline, and 2.5 µg/ml for salbutamol) allowed easy confirmation and simultaneous detection of the four ₂-agonists at the lowest concentrations at which they are used in adulterated milk for calves.Abbreviations B optical density of the sample - B maximal optical density in total absence of competition - %B/B ₀ percentage of inhibition - ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay - EIA enzyme immunoassay - HPLC-MS high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry - m/z mass to charge ratio - ppb parts per billion - ppm parts per million - SPE solid-phase extraction