4个绵羊品种MHC-DRB3基因外显子2的多态性分析

采用PCR-RFLP方法分析4个绵羊品种（阿勒泰羊、中国美利奴肉用多胎品系、湖羊和陶塞特羊）MHC-DRB3基因第2外显子的多态性，并进行聚类分析以及基因杂合度和多态信息含量的计算。结果表明：在绵羊MHC-DRB3基因第2外显子第122、154、168、220和241 bp碱基处表现出多态性；χ2适合性检验结果表明，4个绵羊群体MHC-DRB3基因的第2外显子的PstⅠ酶切位点达到了Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态，TaqⅠ和HaeⅢ酶切位点多态性均未达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态；4个绵羊群体基因杂合度和多态信息含量值分别在0.693～0.774和0.662～0.738之间，表明4个绵羊品种具有丰富的遗传多样性；聚类结果表明，中国美利奴肉用多胎羊和湖羊亲缘关系最近，阿勒泰羊和陶塞特羊关系较远，与实际选育过程一致，MHC-DRB3多态性可作为绵羊育种标记进一步研究。     

Radiosensitivity and capacity for radiation-induced sublethal damage repair of canine transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell lines

Understanding the inherent radiosensitivity and repair capacity of canine transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) can aid in optimizing radiation protocols to treat this disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the parameters surviving fraction at 2 Gy (SF(2) ), α/β ratio and capacity for sublethal damage repair (SLDR) in response to radiation. Dose-response and split-dose studies were performed using the clonogenic assay. The mean SF(2) for three established TCC cell lines was high at 0.61. All the three cell lines exhibited a low to moderate α/β ratio, with the mean being 3.27. Two cell lines exhibited statistically increased survival at 4 and 24 h in the dose-response assay. Overall, our results indicate that the cell lines are moderately radioresistant, have a high repair capacity and behave similarly to a late-responding normal tissue. These findings indicate that the radiation protocols utilizing higher doses with less fractionation may be more effective for treating TCC.     

两种免疫增强制剂对早期断乳仔猪红细胞免疫功能的影响

选取28日龄断奶的三元[杜×(大×长)]杂交仔猪15头,平均初始体重为(5.22±0.89)kg,随机分为3组:活性卵白组、活性酵母组和对照组,每组5头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,两个处理组在相同的基础日粮中分别口服卵白制剂及酵母制剂,剂量为10 mL/只,连续服用10 d。应用红细胞C3b受体花环(Erythrocyte C3bR,E-C3bR)试验和红细胞免疫复合物花环(ErythrocyteICR,E-ICR)试验,探讨两种免疫增强制剂在服药不同时间对断乳仔猪红细胞免疫功能的影响。结果显示,活性卵白组和活性酵母组的E-C3bRR和E-ICRR在服药后第1周、第2周都极显著的高于对照组(P<0.01),并于第2周达最高值。服药后第3周活性卵白组的E-C3bRR和E-ICRR均维持在较高水平,与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01);而活性酵母组呈现明显下降趋势,与对照组无明显差异。结果表明,活性卵白组较活性酵母组具有更加持续稳定的红细胞免疫促进功能。     

赤霉素对沙枣种子发芽率与出苗率的影响

研究了不同浓度GA3对沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia)种子发芽率和出苗率的影响。结果表明,在50～150 mg·L-1范围内,不同质量浓度的GA3对沙枣种子发芽和出苗均有显著促进作用（P＜0.05）,质量浓度为100 mg·L-1时效果最好,室内发芽率为86.3%,圃地出苗率为73.6%。     

类人源猪H3N2亚型流感病毒HA,NA遗传进化分析

2007-2008年从吉林省某猪场采集疑似流感发病猪的鼻咽拭子,经病毒分离鉴定获得3株H3N2亚型流感病毒,分别命名为A/swine/Jilin/5/2007（Sw/Jilin/5/07）、A/swine/Jilin/19/2007（Sw/Jilin/19/07）、A/swine/Jilin/37/2008（Sw/Jilin/37/08）。HA进化树分析结果表明：3株H3N2亚型流感病毒属于近代人源病毒谱系;但是在NA进化树中,Sw/Jilin/37/08株与早期人源和近代人源关系密切,暗示它可能是早期人源和近代人源H3N2亚型猪流感病毒之间的过渡毒株,进一步证实猪在流感病毒种间传播过程中充当＂中间宿主＂作用。     

Exploring polymorphisms and their effects on reproductive traits of the INHA and INHβA genes in three goat breeds

In this study, we report the analysis of INHA and INHβA gene polymorphisms in 786 goats of three breeds: Xinong Saanen (SN), Guanzhong (GZ) and Boer (BG). We identified three new allelic variants: P1–C80G and/126G (GenBank accession no. HQ202573) in the three goat breeds and P2–C936T (GenBank accession no. HQ202572) in SN and GZ goat breeds. At P1 locus, AA, AB and BB genotypes were found in the three goat breeds. At P2 locus, CC and CT genotypes were found in SN and GZ goat breeds. After comparing genotype distribution within the three goat breeds, BG had conspicuous differences from SN and GZ (P < 0.001) at P2 locus. The SNP locus was in Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium at P1 locus in the three goat breeds (P < 0.05). At P2 locus, the SNP locus was in Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium in SN and GZ goat breeds (P < 0.05). Association of polymorphisms with litter size was done at P1 locus in the three goat breeds. The result showed that AA genotype had remarkable litter size at P1 locus in the three goat breeds (P < 0.05). Therefore, these results suggest that INHA gene is a strong candidate gene that affects litter size in goats.     

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 3'UTR SNPs and their influence on milk fatty acid composition of Canadian Holstein cows

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) catalyses the synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in the mammary gland of ruminant animals. Considerable variations in CLA and MUFA have been reported among animals of the same contemporary group. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of the SCD1 gene would influence the production of SCD1 enzyme and consequently its activity in the mammary gland, which may account for some of the observed within breed variations in CLA and MUFA. The 5' and 3'UTRs of the SCD1 gene of 46 Holsteins and 35 Jerseys were analysed for SNPs by sequencing. No SNPs were identified in the 5'UTR, while 14 SNPs were identified in the 3'UTR region. Further analysis revealed three haplotype structures or regulatory variants in Holsteins: named H1, H2 and H3 and only H1 and H3 in Jerseys. An IRES motif was found in the H1 variant. A subsequent association study involving the milk fatty acid profiles of 862 Holstein cows found the H1 regulatory variant to be associated with higher C10 and C12 desaturase indices and consequently with higher contents of C10:1 and C12:1 relative to the H3 variant. The effects of the H2 variant were intermediate to those of H1 and H3. SNPs in the 3'UTR of the SCD1 gene could therefore explain some of the within-breed variations in MUFA content of milk fat.     

饲粮不同NFC/NDF对肉用绵羊瘤胃pH、氨态氮和挥发性脂肪酸的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维(NFC/NDF)对肉用绵羊瘤胃pH、氨态氮和挥发性脂肪酸的影响.选用(47.21±1.01)kg安装有瘤胃瘘管的杜泊羊(♂)×小尾寒羊(♀)杂交1代肉用公羊12只,采用12×4不完全拉丁方设计,试验分4期进行,每期16 d,分别饲喂NFC/NDF为0.25、0.34、0.36、0.52、0.60、0.80、0.87、1.13、1.30、1.58、2.17和2.49的12种饲粮.结果表明:随着NFC/NDF的增加,试验羊瘤胃pH极显著线性降低(P＜0.01),氨态氮浓度极显著线性增加(P＜0.01),瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸及丁酸比例呈显著三次曲线变化(P＜0.05),总挥发性脂肪酸中的丙酸、戊酸和异戊酸比例极显著线性增加(P＜0.01),乙酸比例和乙酸/丙酸极显著线性降低(P＜0.01).由此可见,饲粮NFC/NDF对瘤胃pH、氨态氮和挥发性脂肪酸具有显著影响.