低能N+注入紫花苜蓿生物学效应初步研究

对N 注入紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa所引起生物学效应从生理生化层面进行了较系统的研究,结果显示:在低剂量范围内(0~2.08×1016N /cm2),N 注入对紫花苜蓿种子存在当代刺激效应,所研究的几种生理生化指标相对CK都有所提高。剂量为6.24×1016~8.32×1016N /cm2的N 注入对紫花苜蓿种子存在反常辐照损伤效应。即随着N 注入剂量增加,各生理生化指标先降,后升,再降。N 注入使紫花苜蓿过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱发生变异。处理组与对照组扩增出的相同谱带亦存在谱带荧光强度有差异的现象。另外,对N 注入束介导大豆基因组DNA转入紫花苜蓿做了初步研究,结果M2总性状突变率达到19.8%,并得到3株叶片粗蛋白含量较高的突变株(粗蛋白含量比对照高约0.5%)、1株高叶绿素含量的突变株(叶绿素含量比对照高33.3%)。     

Isolation and Identification of Orf Virus from Jiangsu Province and Phylogenetic Analysis of Their B2L Gene

The study was aimed to investigate prevalence of Orf virus (ORFV) in Jiangsu province in recent years and control Orf better. A total of 121 tissue samples were collected in some farms from 2013 to 2015 and subjected to PCR detection, viral isolation and phylogenetic analysis of B2L gene. Four samples were ORFV positive by PCR. The viruses were isolated by passaging in ovine fetal turbinate (OFTu) cells and MDBK cells, and were named as ORFV/Ovis/XZ/Jiangsu/2015/China, ORFV1/Ovis/DT/Jiangsu/2015/China, ORFV2/Ovis/DT/Jiangsu/2015/China and ORFV/Ovis/SL/Jiangsu/2015/China,respectively. The B2L gene was amplified and sequenced for the phylogenetic study. The nucleotide homology of these 4 strains was 98.5% to 100.0%. ORFV/Ovis/XZ/Jiangsu/2015/China, ORFV1/Ovis/DT/Jiangsu/2015/China and ORFV2/Ovis/DT/Jiangsu/2015/China, gathered into a cluster with SC-JY, GX-YB, JS-FX isolates and the nucleic acid homology of these strains was 97.8% to 100%. ORFV/Ovis/SL/Jiangsu/2015/China gathered into a cluster with LiaoNing, HuB and Gansu isolates, the nucleic acid homology was 98.8% to 98.9%. The nucleic acid homologies of 4 strains and ORFV strain China vaccine was 96.8% to 98.1%. The result showed that the ORFVs in Jiangsu province might be from different source. For controlling the spreading of this virus, it was necessary to carry out deep epidemiological survey in Jiangsu province.     

枇杷LEAFY同源基因的克隆及序列分析

为从分子水平研究枇杷成花的机理,通过分析植物花分生组织决定基因LEAFY(LFY)同源基因的保守区序列,设计了1对简并引物,用PCR方法从枇杷栽培品种‘早钟6号’基因组DNA中扩增出1个1317bp的片段,把该片段克隆到pUCm-T载体,测序和序列分析结果表明获得了枇杷LFY同源基因(ejLFY)3’端的1个片段,该片段有1个911bp的内含子,编码区共编码130个氨基酸,其序列已经在GenBank中登记(登录号为AY551183)．在GenBank中进行同源性搜索,发现该基因片段与其他作物中已经报道的LFY同源基因的同源性大都在94％以上,特别是与同属于蔷薇科的苹果的同源性最高,达到98％的同源性,推测它们具有相似的功能．     

转基因技术在动物遗传改良上的应用进展

简要介绍了几种比较常用的转基因方法.包括显微注射法、脂质体介导法、电转染法、胚胎干细胞法、病毒载体法、精子载体法、卵巢直接注射法.传统的转基因方法与基因打靶、体细胞核移植、RNA干扰以及线粒体转移技术相结合,在基因功能研究和疾病治疗中发挥越来越重要的作用.特别是近年来在植物上出现的外源基因清除技术,为我们在动物上彻底去除外源基因的影响提供了新思路.     

悬浮培养在口蹄疫疫苗中的应用

通过生物反应器中进行BHK21细胞悬浮培养并逐级放大,分别接种口蹄疫OJMS/2000株与Asia 1/JSL株,纯化灭活后制备50批疫苗,结果均符合《口蹄疫O型、亚洲I型二价疫苗（OJMS株＋JSL株）制造及检验规程》（以下称规程）所规定的各项标准,病毒146S抗原含量比转瓶培养提高10倍以上、疫苗的不良反应得到进一步改善。     

Laminar inflammatory gene expression in the carbohydrate overload model of equine laminitis

Reasons for performing study: There is a need to assess the laminar inflammatory response in a laminitis model that more closely resembles clinical cases of sepsis‐related laminitis than the black walnut extract (BWE) model. Objectives: To determine if a similar pattern of laminar inflammation, characterised by proinflammatory cytokine expression, occurs in the CHO model of laminitis as has been previously reported for the BWE model. Methods: Sixteen horses administered 17.6 g of starch (85% corn starch/15% wood flour)/kg bwt via nasogastric (NG) tube were anaesthetised either after developing a temperature >38.9°C (DEV group, n = 8) or at onset of Obel grade 1 lameness (OG1 group, n = 8). Control horses (CON group, n = 8) were anaesthetised 24 h after NG administration of 6 l of deionised water. Laminar tissue was collected from horses while under anaesthesia, followed by humane euthanasia. Real time‐quantitative PCR was used to assess laminar mRNA concentrations of genes involved in inflammatory signalling. Results: Increased mRNA concentrations (P<0.05) for IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐12p35, COX‐2, E‐selectin and ICAM‐1 were present in laminae from horses with OG1 lameness but not at the DEV time, when compared to the CON horses. No differences between the groups were found for IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐10, TNF‐α, IFN‐γ or COX‐1 at either the DEV or OG1 time points. Conclusions: There was a notable difference in the temporal pattern of inflammatory events between the BWE and CHO models, with the majority of laminar inflammatory events appearing to occur at or near the onset of lameness in the CHO model, whereas many of these events peak earlier in the developmental stages in the BWE model. This suggests that, in addition to circulating inflammatory molecules, there may be a local phenomenon in the CHO model resulting in the simultaneous onset of multiple laminar events including endothelial activation, leucocyte emigration and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Potential relevance: The similar (although somewhat delayed) inflammatory response in the CHO model of laminitis indicates that inflammatory signalling is a consistent entity in the pathophysiology of laminitis.     

Effects of vegetable oil supplementation on feed intake,rumen fermentation,growth performance,and carcass characteristic of growing swamp buffaloes

Fifteen, one year old swamp buffalo males with average liveweight of 200.5 ± 9.5 kg were randomly assigned according to a completely randomized design to receive three dietary treatments of supplemental vegetable oils in concentrate contained 140, 750, and 16 g of crude protein, total digestible nutrient, and ether extract, respectively (T1 = unsupplemented, T2 = supplemental coconut oil and sunflower oil in ratio 50:50 at 6% of concentrate, and T3 = supplemental sunflower oil at 6% of concentrate) during a 5-month feeding trial. Urea-treated rice straw was offered ad libitum and concentrate was supplemented at 150 g/kg BW. The results revealed that supplementation of vegetable oils decreased dry matter intake in sunflower oil supplemented group. Combination of coconut oil and sunflower oil supplementation resulted in similar average daily gain as those found in control and in sunflower oil supplemented groups. Rumen microorganism population, ammonia–nitrogen, blood urea–nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were decreased as vegetable oils were supplemented. Oil supplementation slightly reduced growth rate, hot carcass percentage, loin eye area particularly on sunflower oil supplemented group. Based on these findings, vegetable oil resulted in decreased performance of swamp buffaloes although the combination of coconut oil and sunflower oil could reduce negative effect of unsaturated oil supplementation. However, further analyses of conjugated fatty acids (CLA) in meat could offer useful information in determining pronounced effects of vegetable oil supplementation.     

淮南猪酸肉基因的多态性分析

为了研究淮南猪的种质特性,为淮南猪保种、可持续利用及种质创新提供依据,试验采用PCR-RFLP法,对96头淮南猪的RN基因进行了检测。结果表明,RN基因在淮南猪群体中存在隐性纯合子rn^+/rn^+和杂合子RN^-/rn^+,未发现显性纯合子RN^-/RN^-。其中,基因型rn^+/rn^+和RN^-/rn^+的频率分别为0.739 6和0.260 4;等位基因rn^+和RN^-的频率分别为0.869 8和0.130 2。卡方检验表明,rn^+和RN^-基因频率处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,表明群体中RN基因没有受到选择的压力。     

基于B/S结构的家蚕育种与种性维持信息管理系统

对家蚕育种亲本及其新品种性状数据档案实行信息化管理,可在家蚕育种和品种的种性维持过程中自动实现完整的信息采集、计算、调用、选择等功能。开发了一个基于B/S结构的家蚕育种与种性维持信息管理系统,主要包括品种管理、计划任务管理、饲育信息管理、蚕茧信息管理、选种信息管理、选优信息管理等功能模块。选种信息管理模块的运行过程是通过电子天平称量蚕茧质量,然后根据计算模型自动进行数据信息处理与统计分析实施选择。用户可以方便地通过网络访问该系统,实现家蚕新品种选育及种性维持工作的自动化。