长期饲喂含棉籽饼混合饲料引起牛慢性中毒

棉籽饼(粕)具有高热值和特殊的生物价值,其中含有油脂类、糖类、蛋白质及维生素类等营养成分,可作为家畜的蛋白质饲料来源,如在日粮中添加适量,可提高饲料效应。但长期过量饲喂棉籽饼饲料,尤其是未经脱毒或调制不当,易在家畜体内蓄积引起中毒。1临床症状自2004年3月份开始,青海     

Evaluation of Associative Effect of Whole Corn Silage and Millet Straw by Gas Production Technique in vitro

This research adopted fermentation gas production method in vitro to evaluate the associative effect of whole corn silage (WCS) and millet straw (MS).The WCS was mixed with MS in the proportion of 100:0,80:20,60:40,50:50, 40:60,20:80 and 0:100 with 3 replicates per group.The gas production,pH,ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), volatile fatty acids (VFA), microbial crude protein (MCP) and dry matter loss (DML) for 24,48 and 72 h of varying forage combinations were analyzed.Single factor associative effects index (SFAEI) and multiply factors associative effects index (MFAEI) of different combinations were calculated. The results showed as follows:There were significant differences of gas production among different combinations (P<0.05),and the best combination was the WCS80 group. With creasing of the content of MS,DML decreased,but the DML of WCS80 and WCS100 were similar (P>0.05). The MCP concentration of WCS100 and WCS80 was extremely significantly or significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05;P<0.01). The VFA concentration showed significant differences among different combinations (P<0.05).Among the different combinations of WCS and MS,the MFAEI of WCS80 was the largest,and that were 0.5517,0.5094 and 0.9860 at 24,48 and 72 h,respectively. The best combination of WCS and MS was 80:20.     

Evaluation of Associative Effects of Alfalfa Meal and Ammoniated Corn Straw by Gas Production Technique in vitro

This experiment was conducted to determine the best roughage combination of alfalfa meal (AM) and ammoniated corn straw (ACS),so as to improve the efficiency of roughage utilization and reduce the cost of feeding. The AM was mixed with ACS in the proportion of 100:0,80:20,60:40,50:50,40:60,20:80 and 0:100 with 3 replicates per group. The accumulated gas production (GP) at fermentation for 3,6,12,24,48 h,and the changes of pH,dry matter disappearance rate (DMD),ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) concentration, microbial protein (MCP) and volatile fat acids (VFA) concentration,and their single factor associative effects index (SFAEI) and multiply factors associative effects index (MFAEI) were determined by gas production technique in vitro after fermentation for 48 h. The results showed as follows:The accumulated gas production of AM20:ACS80 group was higher than that of the other groups,and the DMD of AM0:ACS100 group was significantly lower than other groups (P<0.05).The NH₃-N concentration of AM20:ACS80 and AM0:ACS100 groups was significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05).The MCP concentration was highest in AM20:ACS80 group,and the concentration of acetic acid and TVFA in AM20:ACS80 group was the highest (P<0.05),and the acetic acid/propionic acid ratio in all groups was more than 3,which indicating that it belonged to the acetic acid fermentation type.The pH during the fermentation ranged from 6.69 to 6.85.The results of MFAEI and SFAEI of each combination indicated that only the AM20:ACS80 group showed the positive associative effects. In conclusion,the 20:80 combination ratio for AM and ACS showed the best associative effects.     

黄土高原子午岭林区生态气候效应特征

为揭示黄土高原中心地带子午岭林区生态气候效应特征,利用子午岭林区太白镇气象站气候资料和周边非林地华池县和庆城县气象站同步观测资料,分析月气象要素的年变化曲线和资料序列方差的统计检验结果表明：子午岭林区各月平均气温明显低于周边地区,林地5、7、9月降水量及4-9月降水时间和空气湿度明显多（大）于周边地区,林地盛夏（6-8月）月平均蒸发量明显偏小,表征黄土高原子午岭林地的生态气候效应具有明显的冷凉、湿润和水分利用率高的特征。     

论柞蚕重大应用研究成果的连锁效应

当今时代,重大的科学研究成果总是携带着巨大的科学能量,通过不断创造实际效益驱动经济建设的发展。对于突出的基础研究成果,这种功能已为人熟知。而对一些重大的柞蚕业应用研究成果,除所创造的直接效益以外,它们的潜在效益与能量到底多大?来源在哪里?该怎样发掘才能使这些智力劳动成果在各个相关领域淋漓尽致地发挥特有的功能,进而推动我国蚕业科技自身的发展,很值得我们深入探讨。     

猪的血浆酶活性对生产性能遗传标记筛选的研究

以长沙卷烟厂天华养殖场6个杂交组合为研究对象,分析5种血浆酶活性对产肉性能的效应值,结果表明,GOT活性与屠宰率、后腿比例、皮肤率的模型效应达显著或极显著水平(P<0.05或P<0.01),r-GT活性与皮肤率也有显著的模型效应(P<0.05)。     

太阳能孤岛效应检测的综述

在科技发展的今天,能源问题已经成为了一个全球性的问题。化石能源开发的局限性促使人们开始寻找新的能源来代替传统的化石能源,而太阳能以其清洁、可再生等特点受到了人们越来越多的关注。在太阳能并网光伏发电的过程中,难免会遇到一些问题需要解决,孤岛效应就是一个。本文将简述几种孤岛效应的检测方法,包括主动式孤岛效应和被动式孤岛效应检测,以及它们都具有各自的优缺点,以期为以后的太阳能并网光伏发电的孤岛效应检测技术的发展提供借鉴和参考。     

星点设计-效应面优化法对女贞子多糖的提取工艺研究

研究旨在采用星点设计-效应面优化法优选女贞子多糖的最佳提取工艺条件.以浸泡时间、液料比和提取时间为考察因素,多糖提取率作为评价指标,并进行二项式拟合,描绘三维效应面,从效应面上优选较佳的实验条件.结果显示,二项式拟合复相关系数R2为0.775,女贞子多糖最佳提取工艺为加12倍量水浸泡90 min,提取110 min.该工艺为提高女贞子多糖的提取率提供了实验基础,并为进一步的工业化生产提供实验依据.     

甘氨酸锌的合成和结构表征

以硫酸锌和L-甘氨酸为原料,对甘氨酸锌的合成工艺进行初步探讨,并结合化学分析、红外光谱和X-衍射等对甘氨酸锌络合物进行定性定量研究,确证甘氨酸锌络合物的生成。X射线粉末衍射数据指标化,结果表明,所合成的络合物属于单斜晶系,晶胞参数为：a=5,958（7）nm,b=6．810（8）nm,c=13．259（12）nm;α=85．11（2）°β=83．17（5）°,γ=82．88（6）°V=527．8（9）A^3。     

河西荒漠灌区紫花苜蓿施肥效应及其基于数据包络分析法的经济效益研究

为科学准确地评判河西走廊苜蓿主产区紫花苜蓿饲草生产中施肥措施对其产品质量及生产收益的影响,本研究以“甘农3号”紫花苜蓿为材料,通过2016、2017年2年田间试验,以该区域紫花苜蓿饲草生产的平衡施肥推荐方案(N 103.5 kg·hm^-2、P₂O₅ 105 kg·hm^-2、K₂O 90 kg·hm^-2)为对照,探讨了不施肥及3种不完全施肥(缺氮偏施、缺磷偏施、缺钾偏施)处理下紫花苜蓿的生产性能,并采用数据包络分析法(DEA)对其经济效益进行分析。结果表明:与不施肥相比,施肥措施各处理均显著提高紫花苜蓿产量、蛋白总量,降低其酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维,提高了相对饲用价值,从而改善了紫花苜蓿品质,并有效增加了经济效益;与氮、磷、钾平衡施肥相比,各偏肥处理的紫花苜蓿产量和品质均显著低于平衡施肥,尤以缺磷偏施的降幅最大,2016、2017年2年的产量和蛋白总量降幅分别达到25.9%、25.7%和33.4%、33.1%。因此,磷是河西荒漠灌区紫花苜蓿饲草生产的养分限制因子,氮、磷、钾对该地区紫花苜蓿生产性能影响顺序为:磷>氮>钾。运用数据包络分析法(DEA)分析出河西荒漠灌区紫花苜蓿的施肥效应为氮、磷、钾平衡施肥的经济效益最优,为DEA有效;不完全施肥的3个评价单元及不施肥评价单元为DEA无效,其中,不施肥经济效益最低,3个不完全施肥评价单元中的缺磷偏肥的紫花苜蓿经济效益比缺氮偏肥和缺钾偏肥更低;另外还以DEA模型推算出不同施肥措施下紫花苜蓿饲草生产经济效益改进的具体方案,其中,不施肥的紫花苜蓿饲草生产需调整的幅度最大,调整额度达10678.88 CNY·hm^-2,各施肥措施需调整的幅度排序为:不施肥>缺磷偏施>缺氮偏施>缺钾偏施。