花山椒花粉生活力研究

研究了温度、硼酸及蔗糖对花山椒(Zanthoxylum piperitum DC)花粉萌发率和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明:低温利于花粉活力的保持,低温贮藏的花粉较常温贮藏的花粉生活力、授粉坐果率高;24℃花粉的萌发率较高,花粉管最长,24℃适宜花山椒花粉的萌发生长;0.001%硼酸对花粉的萌发有促进作用;5%~15%蔗糖对花粉的萌发影响不显著;新鲜花粉的生活力及授粉坐果率最高。     

微波辐射和浸种对华山松种子生活力和发芽的影响

为了解微波辐射和清水2因素不同水平组合对华山松种子吸水、生活力和种仁发芽率的影响,以及微波辐射结合清水和GA₃溶液浸种3因素对华山松种子发芽率的影响,采用L₉(3⁴)正交设计开展试验实施。结果表明：微波辐射和清水浸种处理组合的种子生活力、种子、种仁和种壳吸水率分别为75.3%～88.0%（CK的为94.7%）、6.63%～10.44%、15.00%～23.80%和0.98%～4.87%,处理组合间种子和种仁吸水率均具有极显著的差异（P < 0.01）;影响生活力的主导因子是微波辐射和清水浸种时间的交互作用,影响种子和种仁吸水率的则是清水浸种时间;测定（TTC法）的和未测定生活力的种仁发芽率分别为4.0%～22.8%和52.7%～90.0%,CK的为4.7%和60.0%,微波辐射是影响种仁发芽率的主导因子。微波辐射结合清水和GA₃溶液浸种的组合,种子场圃发芽率为56.0%～71.6%（CK的为56.0%）,清水和GA₃浸种的交互作用是影响种子场圃发芽率的主导因子。微波辐射和清水浸种的组合降低种子生活力。清水浸种8 h时,种子吸水基本达到饱和;微波辐射15 s,清水浸种12 h后0.05 g/L GA₃溶液浸种,提高华山松种子场圃发芽率,可应用于生产实践。     

Fibroblast growth factor-10 maintains the survival and promotes the growth of cultured goat preantral follicles

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of fibroblast growth factor-10 (FGF-10) on the survival, activation (transition from primordial to primary follicles), and growth of goat preantral follicles cultured in vitro. Pieces of ovarian cortex were cultured for 1 and 7 d in the absence or presence of FGF-10 (0, 1, 10, 50, 100, and 200 ng/mL). Noncultured and cultured tissues were processed and analyzed by histology, transmission electron microscopy, and viability testing. Results showed that after 7 d, a greater percentage (79.9%) of morphologically normal follicles (containing an oocyte with regular shape and uniform cytoplasm, and organized layers of granulosa cells without a pyknotic nucleus) was observed when cultured with 50 ng/mL of FGF-10 when compared with other concentrations of FGF-10 (0 ng/mL, 67.3%; 1 ng/mL, 68.2%; 10 ng/mL, 63.3%; 100 ng/mL, 64.4%; 200 ng/mL, 52.7%). Ultrastructural analyses and viability testing using fluorescent markers confirmed the follicular integrity of FGF-10 (50 ng/mL)-treated fragments after 7 d of culture. After 7 d, all FGF-10 concentrations reduced the percentage of primordial follicles and increased the percentage of developing follicles. In the presence of 50 ng/mL of FGF-10, follicles increased in diameter after 7 d of culture when compared with other concentrations tested. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that FGF-10 maintains the morphological integrity of goat preantral follicles and stimulates the growth of activated follicles in culture. The culture conditions identified here contribute to the understanding of the factors involved in goat early follicular development.     

罗布麻属和白麻属种子形态特征及生活力的测定方法

以采自新疆维吾尔自治区阿勒泰市阿拉哈克镇境内的罗布麻属(Apocynum)和白麻属(Poacynum) 8个基因型植物的种子为材料,进行了8个基因型植物种子形态特征、千粒重和生活力测定方法探究。研究结果显示,参试罗布麻种子的长为2.75 mm,宽为0.68 mm,厚为0.49 mm。白麻属7个基因型中以紫斑中花的种子最长,为4.51 mm;青杆白花最宽,为0.90 mm;青杆白花和大叶白麻最厚,为0.61 mm。8个基因型种子的长、宽、高的变化范围分别为2.75～4.51、0.68～0.90和0.48～0.61 mm。其中,紫斑中花为最大基因型,罗布麻为最小基因型。千粒重变化范围在0.38～1.32 g,所有参试种子颜色均为褐色,其中以大叶白麻颜色最深。参试种子均表现出非休眠性种子萌发的特征,萌发时间较短,可以用来快速测定参试种子的生活力。采用四唑染色测定生活力时,参试种子均表现出不透四唑的特征,应该纵切切破种皮,预湿时间为12～14 h,染色时间为12 h,鉴定标准为种子胚80%完全染色。此次针对罗布麻属和白麻属种子形态特征与生活力测定方法的研究,能够为罗布麻种子生活力鉴定、大规模种...     

蜂胶抗炎功效成分研究

为确定中国杨属型蜂胶的抗炎功效成分,用100ng/ml脂多糖(LPS)和40μg/ml氧化型低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)分别诱导脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVECs)损伤。通过SRB法分别检测蜂胶水提物中分离的11种组分和蜂胶乙酸乙酯提取物中分离的8段组分对2种炎症细胞模型细胞存活率的影响。结果表明:蜂胶水提物中的11种组分不同程度的促进2种炎症细胞的细胞存活率,乙酸乙酯提取物中的8段组分也是不同程度的提高2种炎症细胞的细胞存活率。由此可知,蜂胶的抗炎功效成分十分复杂,很可能是多种成分协同功效的结果,而且酚酸类物质发挥了一定的作用。     

Effect of fucoxanthin on growth and apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells

AIM: To explore the effect of fucoxanthin (Fu) on the growth and apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells. METHODS: HSC-T6 cells were divided into blank control group, negative control group and drug groups (treated with different concentrations of Fu). The cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after Fu treatment. The cell cycle distribution and apoptotic rate were analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with blank control group, the viability of HSC-T6 cells was inhibited by Fu at concentrations of 15~75 μmol/L in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). The cell ratio of G₁ phase was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) and the cell ratio of S phase and G₂ phase was significantly increased (P < 0.01) in 60 μmol/L Fu group after 24 h. The cell ratio of G₁ phase was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and the cell ratio of S phase and G₂ phase was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in 15 μmol/L and 30 μmol/L Fu groups in a dose-dependent manner after 48 h. The early cell apoptotic rates and total cell apoptotic rates were significantly increased in the Fu treatment groups in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The protein expression of Bax was significantly increased in the Fu treatment groups and the protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in 30 μmol/L and 60 μmol/L Fu groups (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Fu inhibits the growth of HSC-T6 cells possiblely via arresting the cell cycle at S phase and G₂ phase. The apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells induced by Fu might be via down-regulating the protein expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulating the protein expression of Bax.     

不同LED光质对培养火龙果胚性愈伤组织的影响

以“玫瑰红龙”火龙果成熟胚诱导的愈伤组织为材料,研究不同光质配比的LED光处理对火龙果愈伤组织生长的动态影响。结果表明1红1绿光质配比,12h/d照射,最有利于火龙果愈伤组织的生长,在28d至42d细胞增长最快且活性最高,为0.78-0.75。其次是白光>1红1蓝>1绿1蓝>1红1绿1蓝>红光,在70d培养周期内,第35d是较理想的收获时间。     

FAM3C activates Akt to promote viability of oral squamous-cell carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the expression and roles of family with sequence similarity 3, member C (FAM3C) in oral squamous-cell carcinoma cells. METHODS: The mRNA and protein expression levels of FAM3C in dysplastic oral keratinocyte (DOK) and oral squamous-cell carcinoma WSU-HN6 cells were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The WSU-HN6 cells were treated with siFAM3C or FAM3C antibody. After 24, 48 and 72 h, the viability of WSU-HN6 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay, and the activation of protein kinase B (Akt) was detected by Western blot. Adenovirus was used to mediate over-expression of FAM3C in the DOK cells. The DOK cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay after adenovirus infection for 24, 48 and 72 h, and the activation of Akt was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the DOK cells, the mRNA and protein levels of FAM3C were significantly increased in the WSU-HN6 cells (P<0.05). The viability of WSU-HN6 cells transfected with siFAM3C was significantly inhibited at 48 h and 72 h (P<0.05). siFAM3C treatment inhibited the activation of Akt (P<0.05). FAM3C antibody treatment also suppressed the viability of the WSU-HN6 cells at 48 h and 72 h and the activation of Akt (P<0.05). Over-expression of FAM3C in the DOK cells promoted the cell viability at 48 h and 72 h and activated Akt (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FAM3C might promote oral squamous-cell carcinoma cell growth by activating Akt.     

Uneven ripening in ‘Bangalore blue’ grape (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca) berries in India is linked to seed viability

Uneven ripening (UR) is a physiological disorder of unknown origin in ‘Bangalore blue’ grape (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca) leading to wine of inferior quality. A preliminary study found wide variations in total dehydrogenase activity (TDH) of seeds from unevenly ripe berries. In our experiments, gibberellin (GA₃) applied to young grapes increased seed TDH activity and reduced the incidence of uneven ripening to 2% compared with 35% in the control. In contrast, paclobutrazol (PBZ) decreased TDH activity and increased the incidence of the disorder to 58%. GA₃-treated berries had higher concentrations of sucrose and TDH activity in seed representing mature seeds with high viability. In contrast, PBZ-treated and control berries had higher concentrations of glucose and lower TDH activity, indicating immature seeds with low viability. These results suggested that competition among developing berries can lead to differences in seed gibberellin content, seed viability and the rate of berry growth resulting in green, purple, and black berries at harvest. The study established the role of seed viability in uneven ripening and demonstrated that the incidence of the disorder is reduced by the application of GA₃ to immature berries.