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1.
Jie Kuai Xiaoyong Li Zhen Li Yan Xie Bo Wang Guangsheng Zhou 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(6):823-836
Waterlogging is a main factor causing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield loss, and reasonable nitrogen (N) applications can compensate for this loss. To investigate the effects of N rates on seed yield of waterlogged rapeseed, the waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed variety ZS 9 and sensitive variety GH01 were waterlogged for 0 and 10 days with five leaves at the seedling stage under four N rates (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg/ha). Waterlogging significantly decreased seed yield, while N application can alleviate the yield loss. The yield decrease rate of waterlogged GH01 was greater than that of ZS 9 under the same N rate. During the seedling and bolting stage, the leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity increased, while activities of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), sucrose synthase (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) decreased with more N under the same watering conditions. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the leaf Pn and Rubisco activity, starch and sucrose contents of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the two stages; activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the seedling while increased at the bolting stage for both the two varieties. At the flowering stage, the Pn, the activities of Rubisco, AGPase, SuSy, SPS and contents of sucrose, starch increased with more N application for both ZS 9 and GH01. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the Pn and Rubisco activity for waterlogged plants of the two varieties increased; the waterlogged plants of tolerant variety had higher activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS, while those of sensitive variety was significantly lower. However, the decreased starch and sucrose content were found in both tolerant and sensitive varieties. The activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS at flowering were highly positively correlated with yield under the interactive effects of N and waterlogging. These results suggested that the flowering stage is the most important stage that N had the positive regulation on waterlogged rapeseed growth. The carbohydrates translocation from leaves to seeds of the tolerant variety were enhanced after waterlogging, while that of the sensitive variety was still inhibited. This was the main reason for the difference in yield between the two waterlogged varieties. 相似文献
2.
旨在了解河南省猪流感病毒的流行情况及其遗传进化和基因组特征。2018年4月,从河南省某一出现疑似流感症状猪群中采集鼻拭子样品150份用于分离病毒,对分离病毒的全基因组进行序列测定和分析。同时感染6周龄BALB/c小鼠,研究其对小鼠的致病性。结果显示,获得1株H1N1亚型病毒[命名为A/swine/Henan/NY20/2018(H1N1)]。遗传进化表明,其HA和NA基因属于欧亚类禽H1N1分支,PB2、PB1、PA、NP和M基因属于2009甲型H1N1分支,NS基因属于经典H1N1分支。HA蛋白的裂解位点序列为PSIQSR↓GL,具有低致病性流感病毒的分子特征,在小鼠肺和鼻甲有效复制并能引起肺组织病理学变化。本研究分离到1株3源重排H1N1亚型病毒,对小鼠呈现一定致病力,提示应进一步加强对SIV的监测。 相似文献
3.
Fa-chao SUN Min TAN Yuan-chao ZHANG Yu-chao WANG Sheng-liang CAO Guo-fei DING Fang-yuan CONG Li-hong GUO Si-dang LIU Yi-hong XIAO 《农业科学学报》2019,18(7):1436-1442
To investigate the epizootic of swine influenza virus(SIV), 60 nasal swabs were collected from a clinical cases of pig farm in Tai'an City, Shandong Province of China in April 2017. SIV was isolated by inoculating into 10-day-old Special Pathogen Free embryonated eggs and the whole genome was sequenced. An H1N1 subtype SIV was isolated and designated as A/swine/Shandong/TA04/2017(H1N1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that apart from the polymerase A(PA) fragment belonging to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 branch, seven genome segments belonged to avian-like H1N1 influenza virus lineage. The cleavage site sequence of the hemagglutinin(HA) protein was PSIQSR↓G, which is a typical molecular biological characteristic. Five potential N-glycosylation sites(N14, N26, N277, N484 and N543) were found in the HA gene. To further investigate the epidemiology of SIV in this farm, the 995 serum samples were assessed with EAH1N1 2009 pandemic H1N1 and H3 N2 antigens. The results showed that the total positive rate was 65.43%. The positive rates of single virus infection detected by EAH1N1, 2009 pdmH1N1 and H3 N2 for serum HI(Hemagglutination inhibition) were 48.35, 30.85 and 7.47%, respectively. The results showed that SIV in Shandong Province has been reassorted in some segments and the SIV-positive rate was high on the SIV outbreak farm. These data provide evidence of an epizootic of SIV. 相似文献
4.
恩肥对平菇菌丝生长,产量及品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文报道了恩肥的施用浓度、施用时期对平菇菌丝生长、产量和品质的影响。试验结果表明,施用恩肥可促进平菇菌丝生长和子实体发育,有利于提高产量及改善品质。用肥量为每1000ml PDA或每公斤干培养料0.2~0.3ml时,菌丝生长速度显著加快,长满袋的时间可缩短4~5d,子实体产量可提高45.7%~55.9%,蛋白质、必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸分别增加25.8%、14.94%和11.32%。在不同施肥时期中,又以现蕾期喷施效果最佳。 相似文献
5.
鸡源株与人源株H9N2流感病毒血凝素受体结合位点氨基酸比较与分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
H19N2病毒可以感染多种禽类和哺乳动物,包括人类。流感病毒血凝素受体结合位点的氨基酸可以影响受体结合特性。为了解鸡源株与人源株H19N2病毒受体结合部氨基酸的差异,作者对二者进行了比较与分析,结果表明,鸡源株与人源株血凝素受体结合部位氨基酸的第137、183、190、226位点存在差异,鸡源株在这些位点分别为K、N、AorVorT、LorQ而人源株则分别为R、H、E、L。虽然尚不清楚这些位点的改变对病毒与细胞亲和力及宿主范围的影响,但由于H9N2在我国养鸡业的普遍存在,加强H9N2病毒的分子流行病学监测有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
Storage proteins and glutathione in wheat play an important role in gluten network formation and can be modified by supplementation of nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) in wheat plants. The glutathione thiol-disulfide status and its relationship to the molecular weight distribution wheat polymeric protein and dough rheological properties have been examined after different foliar S fertilizations (S derived from micronized elemental S and NS, a mixture of N urea and elemental S) applied at the post-anthesis stage. Changes in levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG), polymeric protein-glutathione mixed disulfide (PPSSG) were analysed by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography, during grain development using the wheat cultivars, Soissons and Trémie. During the grain desiccation phase, S supplementation (i) increased the GSSG/GSH ratio by 23–25% (ii) induced PPSSG accumulation, and (iii) decreased the formation of SDS-unextractable polymeric protein (UPP) and its molecular mass distribution. However, simultaneous N and S supplementation results in: (i) a decrease in PPSSG formation by 20–30% and (ii) an increase of UPP by 7–18% by enhancing both the branching of the aggregated proteins and their molecular weight. The mixograph parameters show that all forms of endogenous glutathione are linked to dough weakening and are negatively correlated with dough mixing tolerance, dough strength and consistency, while UPP is positively correlated with dough strength and consistency. These findings indicate that S nutrition influences dynamics of the glutathione forms in the grain and results in modification the degree of polymerization of storage protein. Thus both the changes in the form of glutathione and protein polymerization influence the rheological properties of dough. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
In this study, the effects of nitrogen (N) rate (60, 120, 180 and 240 kg N ha?1 applied in three equal dressings at seeding and after the first and second cuttings) and stubble height (7, 14 and 21 cm) on the dry matter (DM) yield, crude protein (CP) content, and CP yield of a sorghum–sudangrass hybrid [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench × Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf., cv. Pioneer 988] in the three‐cut system was investigated. The N rate had no significant effect in the first and third cuttings, but in the second cutting DM yields increased significantly with increase in N rate. The highest yield of 9.1 t ha?1 was obtained with 80 kg N ha?1 for the average of 2 years at the second cutting, but no significant difference was found among the 40, 60 and 80 kg N ha?1 rates. CP content and yield were not significantly affected by N rate at the first and third cuttings, but CP content and yield were significantly affected by application of N at the second cutting. Stubble height had a significant effect on CP content at the third cutting. However, it had no significant effect on CP content at the first and second cuttings. Stubble height had a significant effect on the CP yield at the first cutting, but no significant effect on CP yield at the second and third cuttings. 相似文献
10.
木质纤维素的降解和五种酶的活性对香菇子实体形成的影响 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
本文从生化角度研究了F型(形成子实体)和N型(不形成子实体)两类香菇菌株在生长发育过程中生化代谢活动上的差异。结果表明,在香菇的整个生长过程中,F型菌株的纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、漆酶、酸性蛋白酶和果胶酶的活性均高于N型菌株,尤其在形成子实体的第二和第三阶段,纤维素酶、半纤维素酶和酸性蛋白酶的活性均呈较大幅度的增加,这种趋势与胞外可溶性蛋白含量的增幅是一致的,同时F型菌株对培养基中木质素、纤维素和半纤维素的降解能力也高于N型菌株,说明在形成子实体的过程中,F型菌株具有比N型菌株相对更强的生化代谢能力;各种与物质降解有关酶的代谢活动在某些环节上受阻或不能有效地表达是N型菌株不能形成子实体的一个重要生理原因。 相似文献