排序方式: 共有53条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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河北主要土壤中Cd和Pb的形态分布及其影响因素 总被引:61,自引:2,他引:61
采用网室盆栽试验和大田取样 ,运用连续提取方法 ,研究了河北平原潮土和潮褐土两种土壤中Cd、Pb的化学形态特征及与其影响因素的关系。结果表明 :随着Cd、Pb污染程度的增加 ,其交换态有增加趋势。当高浓度重金属污染土壤时 ,Cd(潮土 >1mgkg- 1、潮褐土 >5mgkg- 1)主要以交换态存在 ,并表现为 :交换态 >碳酸盐结合态 >铁锰氧化物结合态 >有机结合态 >残留态 ;Pb主要以碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态存在。在低浓度重金属污染的土壤中 ,Cd (潮土 <1mgkg- 1、潮褐土 <5mgkg- 1)的残留态、有机结合态成倍增加 ,甚至超过交换态 ,表现为 :残留态 >碳酸盐结合态 >有机结合态 >交换态 >铁锰氧化物结合态 ;Pb主要以铁锰氧化物结合态和残留态存在。Cd、Pb在土壤中的分布与土壤的pH值 ,有机质含量密切相关。 相似文献
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长期施肥后简育湿润均腐土中磷素形态特征的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
对黑土(简育湿润均腐土)长期定位施肥15年后土壤磷素形态进行分析研究。结果表明:土壤中积累的Al-P、Ca2-P量与施磷量成正相关;只施NK能促进植物对Ca8-P的吸收;闭蓄态磷(Oc-P)含量均较低。施磷肥能增加黑土Fe-P含量,却未能增加Ca10-P含量。黑土各形态无机磷的含量大小顺序为:Fe-P〉Ca10-P〉Al-P〉Cas-P〉Ca2-P〉Oc-P。施磷能增加土壤中有机磷(O-P)的含量,但不能增加土壤有机质含量。土壤有机质含量均有不同程度的下降。本试验黑土中施入N112.5kg hm^-2a^-1和P20kg hm^-2a^-1能保持土壤中无机磷(I-P)平衡。 相似文献
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[目的]研究不同伊利石添加量对碱性盐化土壤中重金属镉形态的影响及达到吸附稳定的时间。[方法]采用Tessier连续提取法。[结果]在pH为7.93的土壤溶液中,黏土矿物伊利石的添加使得土壤中重金属镉的有效态逐渐减少,其有效态减少总量从2.047mg/kg增加到3.103 mg/kg,铁锰氧化态和碳酸盐态均有不同程度的升高,有机结合态变化不明显,在吸附行为发生14 d左右基本达到平衡,最后出现少量的离子"释放"。[结论]伊利石对碱性盐化土壤中镉形态有较显著的影响。 相似文献
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采用盆栽方法,研究磷酸二氢钾、腐植酸钠2种磷素形态对黄瓜生长和丛枝菌根(AM)真菌接种效应的影响。结果表明,在不施磷的条件下,接种AM真菌时,黄瓜的生物量、叶片可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白没有显著差异,但黄瓜叶片POD活性和磷含量在0.05水平显著高于没有接种AM真菌的处理;施磷酸二氢钾时,接种AM真菌对黄瓜生长起到一定的促进作用,黄瓜地上部磷含量显著提高,但黄瓜叶片可溶性糖和保护系统没有显著差异;施用腐植酸钠时,接种AM真菌对黄瓜生物量、叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和磷含量没有显著影响,但黄瓜叶片SOD活性显著高于没有接种AM真菌的处理。对接种AM真菌处理而言,在3种磷源处理下,植物根际土壤速效磷含量的顺序为:磷酸二氢钾〉腐植酸钠〉不施磷肥。不施磷肥下AM真菌的侵染率在0.05水平显著高于施用磷肥处理,且磷素形态对AM真菌的侵染率没有显著影响。这说明,AM真菌在土壤磷较低时有利于侵染黄瓜根系。 相似文献
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高校思政课教学改革效果不尽如人意,现有的围绕教学方法、手段、考核方式、实践教学环节等"形式"方面的改革已经达到了实效的可能性边界。未来思政课教学改革应该重视以"内容"为核心的改革,通过逻辑的转换,重塑思政课教学的理性魅力。以"毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论"课程教学内容为例,说明在教学过程中逻辑转换的现实和理论根据以及重塑理性魅力的具体途径和做法,以此提升思政课教学效果,更好发挥其育人功能。 相似文献
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不同形态氮素配比对地膜烟的生长及烟叶品质和产量影响 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
研究云南旱地烤烟生产在采用地膜栽培技术条件下,NH4+-N和NO3--N不同配比对烟株生长及烟叶品质和产量的影响。研究结果表明:100%的NH4+-N或NO3--N都对烟株生长及烟叶的品质均产生不利影响;烟叶的产量及上等烟比例有随 NH4+-N比例增加而提高的趋势。在一定范围内烟叶中总糖、烟碱、K的含量随NH4+-N比例的增加而升高,总N含量则呈下降趋势。因此,在烟草生产中施用的N肥应注意到两种形态N肥的合理配合,不应只片面强调某一种N素形态的肥料施用。 相似文献
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Forms and Uptake of Manganese in Relation to Soil Taxonomic Orders in Alluvial Soils of Punjab,India
B. D. Sharma O. P. Choudhary J. K. Chanay P. K. Singh 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(3):313-327
Different forms of manganese (Mn) were investigated, including total, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) extractable, soil solution plus exchangeable (Mn), Mn adsorbed onto inorganic sites, Mn bound by organic sites, and Mn adsorbed onto oxide surfaces, from four soil taxonomic orders in northwestern India. The total Mn content was 200–950 mg kg?1, DTPA-extractable Mn content was 0.60–5.80 mg kg?1, soil solution plus exchangeable Mn content was 0.02–0.80 mg kg?1, Mn adsorbed onto inorganic sites was 2.46–90 mg kg?1, and Mc adsorbed onto oxide surfaces was 6.0–225.0 mg kg?1. Irrespective of the different fractions of Mn their content was generally greater in the fine-textured Alfisols and Inceptisols than in coarse-textured Entisols and Aridisols. The proportion of the Mn fractions extracted from the soil was in the order as follows: Adsorbed onto oxide surfaces > adsorbed onto inorganic site > organically bound > DTPA > soil solution + exchangeable. Based on coefficient of correlation, the soil solution plus exchangeable Mn, held onto organic site and oxide surface (amorphous) and DTPA-extractable Mn, increased with increase in organic carbon of the soil. The two forms, adsorbed onto inorganic site (crystalline) and DTPA extractable, along with organic carbon, increased with increase in clay content of the soil. DTPA-Mn and Mn adsorbed onto oxide surfaces and held on organic site decreased with increased with an increase in calcium carbonate and pH. Total Mn was strongly correlated with organic carbon and clay content of soil. Among the forms, Mn held on the organic site, water soluble + exchangeable and adsorbed onto oxide surface were positively correlated with DTPA-extractable Mn. DTPA-extractable Mn seems to be a good index of Mn availability in soils and this form is helpful for correction of Mn deficiency in the soils of the region. The uptake of Mn was greater in fine-textured Inceptisols and Alfisols than in coarse-textured Entisols and Aridisols. Among the different forms only DTPA-extractable Mn was positively correlated with total uptake of Mn. Among soil properties Mn uptake was only significantly affected by pH of the soil. 相似文献