振动平板压实机的使用性能试验

该文对为黄土高原径流林业集水坡面压实作业所设计的轻型振动平板压实机的使用性能进行了测定,结果表明机器压实后的土壤容重、土壤孔隙度、土壤硬度、机器生产率、作业成本等各项指标均大大优于人工作业．当在大片土地上连片作业时,机器作业的生产率是人工作业的５０倍,成本是人工作业的１／５,土壤硬度、土壤容重均高于人工作业．在小块地作业时移动和起动频繁,作业的辅助时间较长,但机器作业的生产率也达到人工作业的３５倍,成本是人工作业的１／４．这些确定了机械压实在集水坡面压实作业中使用的可行性．     

一种轮式拖拉机座椅减振的振动模型

本文从理论上提出了一种适合于轮式拖拉机振动模型．模型中考虑了人体与拖拉机的振动耦合作用．并将人体模化为多自由度非线性系统．理论数值模拟结果表明，所提出的减振结构的力学模型对降低拖拉机座椅的振动是有效的，为进一步进行座椅减振结构设计提供了理论依据．     

钻头磨损在线监测研究

本文研究了钻头磨损对钻削过程中振动加速度信号的动态特性的影响。发现加速度信号中敏感频率分量随着钻头磨损的增加呈明显的“碟形”规律变化。我们提出用敏感频率分量的自功率谱值(PSD)作为特征量。建立了特征量与钻孔数之间的状态空间方程;提出了钻头磨损在线自适应监测方法。该方法打破了故障诊断和状态识别中设置“阈值”的传统做法;另辟蹊径。     

圆锯片模态分析试验的研究

本文对普通圆锯片(300mm×25mm×1.6mm×80齿)的自由状态和夹持状态用锤击法激振进行模态分析.结果表明,夹板只对第一阶固有频率有较大提高.     

基于PVDF双压电薄膜的油菜播种监测系统的设计与试验

针对苏南地区油菜播种一体机作业过程中种子监测困难的问题,设计了一种基于PVDF双压电薄膜的油菜单粒精密播种机播种性能监测系统。系统通过播种机安装在测速轮上的编码器采集机具作业速度,结合设定的目标播量,得到理论排种间距,采用聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)压电薄膜监测装置,采集油菜种子落粒数。为了滤除机器振动信号干扰,设置参照压电薄膜,通过逻辑运算模块降低振动干扰,采用施密特电路迟滞原理消除比较器抖动干扰。系统采用STM32F103VBT6单片机作为中央处理器,结合设定的理论株距、相邻脉冲电压信号的时间间隔与播种机前进速度,计算得出播种量、排种速度、漏播率与重播率等性能指标。试验台试验表明,在26.5~42.2 r/min排种轴转速下,系统对排种量的检测精度不低于96.4%,漏播检测精度高于95.8%,重播检测精度高于98.4%;振动频率8~16 Hz条件下,系统播量检测精度高于95.2%。     

Stand,stem and log segregation based on wood properties: a review

There are many log and wood properties of interest to wood processors. There is also high variability in important attributes between and within growing regions and between and within individual stems which influence financial returns to wood processors. This review summarises recent studies of segregation technologies and techniques which have shown that:

• regional or stand level attribute models will facilitate a coarse level of segregation but not account well for the between and within stem variation;

• many tools and techniques are available for segregating wood based on internal properties but few have been implemented commercially. Some are better suited for application in mills than in forests;

• the benefits of segregating stands, stems and logs based on wood properties are not clear due to high variability in wood properties, poor market signals (in terms of price) for wood with superior properties, and poor understanding of the costs across the value chain; and

• most of the existing economic models tend to look at the economics of segregation from the perspective of a single participant in the value chain, e.g. a structural mill or a central processing yard. Only a few models look across the value chain and these have limitations often poorly representing some participants in the value chain.

     

某碟形弹簧疲劳失效分析

以某振动机构中碟形弹簧为研究对象,对其进行了瞬态分析。分析结果表明,该碟形弹簧在结构设计上存在缺陷,无法满足其使用寿命,通过理论分析为后续结构改进提供相关依据。     

Identification and establishment of sorting method for isolating CD11b+ myeloid cells in human hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer

AIM: To establish a method for obtaining specific cells in solid tumor tissue by sorting of CD11b⁺ myeloid cells in hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.METHODS: Tumor tissues were prepared into single cell suspension by mechanical method combined with enzyme digestion, and then the CD11b⁺ myeloid cells were isolated by flow cytometry. The sorted cells were identified by immunocytochemistry. The viability and morphologiy of the sorted cells were evaluated by Giemsa and Typan blue staining. The cell purity was evaluated by flow cytometry.RESULTS: Sufficient numbers of CD11b⁺ cells with high purity were isolated by sorting with flow cytometry from the single cell suspension prepared by mechanical and enzyme digestion. The purity of the cells was confirmed by statistical analysis (P<0.05). The positive rates of the cells before and after sorting were significantly different (P<0.01). The positive cells were verified by immunocytochemical method. Meanwhile, the sorted cells had complete morphology and good activity.CONCLUSION: The CD11b⁺ myeloid cells in solid tumor tissue can be isolated by flow cytometry from the machine-enzyme digestion suspension with high purity, good activity and complete morphology.     

酿酒葡萄振动分离试验研究

随着新疆酿酒葡萄种植面积的不断扩大,人工收获存在的劳动强度大、效率低等问题日益突出,已成为制约酿酒葡萄产业健康快速发展的重要方面。为此,在自制的振动分离率测定装置上,以电机转速、偏心距离及摇杆长度作为影响因素,分离率为性能指标,确立了试验方案并进行了振动分离试验,分析了影响振动采收效果的主要因素,确定了各参数最优组合。试验结果表明:影响酿酒葡萄分离率的主次顺序为偏心距离、摇杆长度和电机转速,最优参数组合为偏心距离75mm、摇杆长度320mm、转速245r/min。试验结果为设计基于葡萄藤蔓振动的酿酒葡萄振动分离装置提供了理论依据。     

离心泵内空泡演化与其对振动的影响

对不同流量下离心泵内稳态及旋转空化进行了可视化研究,获得了不同汽蚀余量下空泡团形态,同时对泵体振动进行了测量,分析了泵体振动与空泡团形态之间的关系。试验结果表明:压力面上发生空化将加剧振动,尤其是发生超空化后更加显著。多数情况下吸力面上空泡团较薄,且吸力面发生空化对振动影响相对压力面较小。旋转空化发生后振动减弱,处于正对位置的流道内空泡团形态基本相同,空泡团脱落频率约为27 Hz,压力面出现稳定空化后振动开始回升。