A systematic review of the effects of injectable sedative and anesthetic drugs and inhalant anesthetics on intraocular pressure in the dog

ObjectiveThe purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the results of studies that have determined the effect of injectable and inhalant drugs used in anesthesia on intraocular pressure (IOP) in dogs.Databases usedA comprehensive search of research literature was performed without language restriction. The search utilized the PubMed, CAB Abstracts and the University of Georgia’s Galileo electronic databases using a combination of free text terms ‘Ophthalmology’, ‘Intraocular Pressure’, ‘Anesthetic’, ‘Anesthesia’, ‘Canine’ or ‘Dog’. The time frame searched was from 1970 to October 2018. Any published research paper that dealt with sedatives or anesthetics administered systemically and the canine eye was evaluated.ConclusionsThe effects of many anesthetic drugs in dogs with ocular pathology are largely unknown. Many anesthetic drugs do not induce clinically relevant changes in IOP in dogs with normal eyes, although some studies demonstrated results with statistically significant changes. The dose, route of administration, experimental conditions, drug combinations, timing of measurements, measurement technology and setting or individual animal characteristics may all produce some heterogeneity in results from multiple studies.     

Validation of the oscillometric blood pressure monitor Vet20 SunTech in anesthetized healthy cats

ObjectiveTo evaluate a veterinary-specific oscillometric noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) system according to the guidelines of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) Consensus Statement.Study designProspective clinical study.AnimalsA total of 33 client-owned cats (20 females and 13 males).MethodsCats were premedicated with methadone (0.3 mg kg⁻¹) and alfaxalone (2 mg kg⁻¹) intramuscularly. After 15 minutes anesthesia was induced with isoflurane (3%) in 100% oxygen by facemask while breathing spontaneously. A 22 gauge catheter was placed in the median caudal artery and systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP) arterial pressures were measured. NIBP measurements were collected by placing the cuff (40% of limb circumference) on the right or left antebrachium. The agreement between the two methods was evaluated with the Bland–Altman methods, and the oscillometric NIBP device was evaluated using the ACVIM guidelines for validation of devices.ResultsData from 30 of the 33 cats were analyzed. Five paired measurements were taken from each cat, totaling 150 paired measurements. Mean bias (limits of agreements) for SAP, DAP and MAP were 2.7 (−22.7 to 28.1), 0.9 (−22.3 to 24.2) and 1.3 (−20.4 to 23.0). The oscillometric NIBP passed all validation criteria, except correlation which was <0.9 for SAP, DAP and MAP.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe Vet20 did not meet all validation criteria by the ACVIM. However, all criteria except correlation were met.     

天然气管道极限压力有限元模拟研究

管道极限压力的确定能为管道设计提供优化参数和安全运行保障,节约建设成本,降低危险系数.但现有预测公式往往偏差较大,导致浪费和评估误差.利用三维有限元模型,模拟天然气管道在不含裂纹、不同长度纵向穿透裂纹和环向穿透裂纹三种情况下的极限压力,并根据模拟结果建立两种含裂纹情况下极限压力与管道材料性能、尺寸、裂纹长度的工程预测模型.与已知预测模型比较发现,在无裂纹存在时,Christopher公式的预测公式可很好地用于工程分析,但在含缺陷情况下,现有预测公式与本文所建公式相比存在较大保守性,尤其对环向穿透裂纹存在时,已知预测模型与模拟结果存在极大差异.     

土壤入渗过程中空气压力变化规律的研究

用测压入渗仪对重粉质粘土进行了模型试验，同时根据试验结果，分析研究了垂直—维均匀土壤内气阻压力的变化规律。     

船闸闸门、阀门自重的估算

船闸闸门和阀门是船闸工程中的主要建筑物。本文调查了我国30多年来所建的782座船闸工程,共搜集了2,500多扇船闸闸门和阀门资料,运用数理统计理论,首次导出了估算各种船闸闸门和阀门自重的四个新公式。这些公式经审定满足了当前船闸工程设计和交通部《船闸设计规范》编写的要求。     

顺序输送混油浓度换算中的温度补偿计算

对基于油品密度特性的混油浓度检测技术进行了应用研究,认为对实时检测的混油密度进行混油浓度换算时,需要对顺序输送的单油品密度进行温度补偿,以此作为混油切割的基础。提出了"等差数列递推逼近"的新计算方法,弥补了传统计算方法的不足。编制了计算程序,并设计了一种手持式混油浓度换算仪。