早秋大白菜新品种潍白7号的选育

潍白7号是以自交不亲和系BZ-02-17与BZ-02-10配制而成的秋早熟大白菜一代杂种。生长期65 d（天）,株高38 cm,开展度50 cm;叶深绿色,帮白色,叶球合抱、炮弹形,内叶白色,球高32 cm,横径21 cm,球形指数1.52,叶球紧实,单株质量5.7 kg,净菜率73.6 %。每667 m²净菜产量6 620 kg,抗霜霉病、病毒病,抗逆性强,耐贮运。适宜在山东省作早秋大白菜种植,尤其适宜在黑龙江、吉林等地作酸菜品种栽培。     

西瓜新品种华之秀的选育

华之秀是以M02-10为母本,以JF-11为父本配制而成的中熟西瓜一代杂种。全生育期105 d（天）左右,果实发育期32 d（天）左右。植株生长势稳健,主蔓第1雌花节位为第8～10节。果实椭圆形,果形指数1.38,果皮浅绿色覆深色中宽条带。果肉红色,肉质细脆,风味佳。果皮硬韧,耐贮运,单瓜质量8.5 kg左右,每667 m²产量达3 100 kg,全国大部分地区均可栽培。     

耐热普通白菜新品种夏绿妃的选育

夏绿妃是由敏感型核雄性不育系XBm107-2和自交系S99-1配制而成的耐热普通白菜一代杂种。耐热,生长快,从播种到适收30 d（天）左右,株型直立,株高25 cm,开展度22 cm;叶卵圆形,叶面平,叶色油绿,叶柄绿白色。商品性好,口感佳,粗纤维含量少。每667 m²净菜产量1 700 kg左右。田间对霜霉病、黑斑病和软腐病的抗性强于山西白。适合福建省平原地区周年栽培,山区夏秋季栽培。     

菠菜新品种绿华的选育

绿华是以雌株系53-5-5为母本,自交系CY-3为父本选育的波菜一代杂种。植株生长势强,整齐度高,从播种至适收30～50 d（天）,属尖叶菠菜。株型直立,株高30～35 cm;叶基戟形,绿色,叶面平展,有1～2对浅缺刻,叶长15～17 cm,叶宽7～9 cm;叶柄浅绿色,长15～21 cm;根颈淡粉红色;平均单株质量55～100 g左右,商品性好,纤维少,细嫩爽口,涩味淡。每667 m²产量2 000～2 500 kg。     

Horizontal and vertical resource dilemmas in natural resource management: the case of African fisheries

The world's fisheries are under severe pressure. Yet, according to the marine trophic index, the health and stability of marine ecosystems vary greatly across countries. The argument developed and tested in this article holds that some of the sources of this variation can potentially be derived from differences in the character of two fundamental relationships in society – a horizontal one between resource users and a vertical relationship between the government and the resource users. The empirical analysis focuses on sub‐Saharan Africa and finds that levels of ethnic and linguistic heterogeneity and levels of democracy in the year that each country declared its exclusive economic zone have a close relationship with ensuing marine exploitation patterns.     

辽宁省喀左县楼子山自然保护区鸟类资源调查

为了更好的了解和保护辽宁省级自然保护区——楼子山自然保护区的鸟类资源,2003年,辽宁省喀左县林业局成立了楼子山自然保护区鸟类资源调查小组,通过野外观察、收集历史资料、走访护林员等方法,确定了保护区鸟类268种,隶属于15目43科。     

基于单片机的小尺度荷电燃烧控制系统

面向小尺度荷电燃烧装置,设计了基于单片机的控制系统,并进行了控制实验研究。设计中采用了STC89C52芯片、步进电动机驱动芯片、数模转换芯片、MAX232电平转换芯片、液晶显示LCD1602和矩阵键盘等,构建了基于单片机和电压反馈的步进电动机控制系统。通过键盘输入相关控制参数,结合电压采样信号可以实时控制步进电动机,由步进电动机驱动旋钮调节高压直流电源,从而控制火焰燃烧状态。运用计算机与单片机之间串口实时采集数据的实验结果表明:当其他条件相同时,回路电流随着极距的减小而增大;当极距固定时,相同电压作用下,增大流量,回路电流增大。当微尺度喷管流量过大、电压过高时,空气扰动等都容易导致极板间放电,火焰跳跃甚至熄火。以检测的反馈电压作为反馈变量,与键盘电压设定值相比较,以步进电动机为执行器可实现对外加高压直流电源的快速调节,从而实现对燃烧系统的闭环实时控制。本研究为复杂的燃烧过程提供了简单的电学控制方法。     

茄子新品种闽茄5号的选育

闽茄5号是用自交系06-29和06-13配制而成的茄子一代杂种,中晚熟,生长势强,果色深紫红,果实纵径34.3 cm,横径3.6 cm,平均单果质量165 g,果肉白色,细嫩,田间抗病性调查结果表明较对照农友704抗黄萎病,每667 m²产量4 000 kg左右,适宜福建地区种植。     

Preparation of Oxidized Cellulose Being Used as Dispersant for Carbon Nanotubes北大核心CSCD

The oxidized cellulose(OC) was prepared through selective oxidation of softwood dissolving pulp cellulose by HNO3/H3PO4/NaNO2 oxidant. The effects of oxidizing conditions, e.g., oxidizing time, temperature and dosages of NaNO2 on the yields and carboxyl groups contents of OC were studied. The structures and properties of OC samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) respectively. The nanoparticle solution was prepared by dispersing the OC sample in aqueous solution under ultrasound wave. The sizes and morphologies of particles were characterized by dynamic light scattering(DLS) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The results showed that the nanoparticles were spherical in shape with monodisperse, and the sizes of micelles were in the range of 30 nm to 80 nm. The optimum conditions of OC preoaration were as the followings: reaction temperature 50 ℃, NaNO2 dosage 1.4 % and reaction for 12 h. Compared with water and cellulose, the OC nanoparticle was an excellent aqueous dispersant for multi-walled carbon nanotube(CNT). © 2018, Editorial Board of «Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products». All right reserved.     

Runoff sediment particle sizes associated with soil erosion in the Lake Tahoe Basin,USA

Runoff sediment from disturbed soils in the Lake Tahoe Basin has resulted in light scattering, accumulation of nutrients, and subsequent loss in lake clarity. Little quantified information about erosion rates and runoff particle‐size distributions (PSDs) exists for determining stream and lake loading associated with land management. Building on previous studies using rainfall simulation (RS) techniques for quantifying infiltration, runoff, and erosion rates, we determine the dependence and significance of runoff sediment PSDs and sediment yield (SY, or erodibility) on slope and compare these relationships between erosion control treatments (e.g., mulch covers, compost, or woodchip incorporation, plantings) with bare and undisturbed, or ‘native’ forest soils. We used simulated rainfall rates of 60–100 mm h⁻¹ applied over replicated 0·64 m² plots. Measured parameters included time to runoff (s), infiltration and runoff rates (mm h⁻¹), SY (g mm⁻¹ runoff), and average sediment concentration (SC, g L⁻¹) as well as PSDs in runoff samples. In terms of significant relationships, granitic soils had larger particle sizes than volcanic soils in bulk soil and runoff samples. Consequently, runoff rates, SCs, and SYs were greater from bare volcanic as compared to that from bare granitic soils at similar slopes. Generally, runoff rates increased with increasing slope on bare soils, while infiltration rates decreased. Similarly, SY increased with slope for both soil types, though SYs from volcanic soils are three to four times larger than that from granitic soils. As SY increased, smaller particle sizes are observed in runoff for all soil conditions and particle sizes decreased with increasing slope. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.