Effects of five compound attractants in high plant‐based diets on feed intake and growth performance of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of five attractants on feed intake, growth performance and appetite‐regulating genes expression for juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). Fish were fed with seven diets: fish‐meal‐based diet (FM), fermented soybean meal replacing 45% fish meal (FSBM) and other diets with 1% compound attractant A (CA‐A) consisting of amino acids, compound attractant B (CA‐B) consisting of quaternary ammonium bases, compound attractant C (CA‐C) consisting of nucleotides, compound attractant G (CA‐G) consisting of the combination of CA‐A, CA‐B and CA‐C and blue mussel protein hydrolysate (BMH) on the basis of FSBM diet respectively. Daily feed intake in CA‐A group was significantly higher, but that in CA‐B group was significantly lower than FSBM group. Similarly, specific growth rate was significantly enhanced in CA‐A and CA‐G groups and were significantly decreased in CA‐B group. Protein efficiency ratio and protein retention in CA‐B group were significantly lower than FSBM group. Furthermore, BMH supplement increased the mRNA expression of Ghrelin in the intestine of fish. These results showed that CA‐A and CA‐G supplement could enhance growth in plant‐based diets, but CA‐B supplement had the opposite effect, which might be associated with lower feed intake and lower feed utilization.     

半滑舌鳎创伤弧菌分离鉴定及其荧光定量PCR方法的建立

为确定患病半滑舌鳎的病原,从其体内分离到3株革兰氏阴性菌,将其分别命名为ST-1、ST-3和ST-6,进行细菌理化特性、药敏试验、16S rDNA测序以及组织病理学观察等方面的研究,并建立了外膜蛋白(OMP)基因的SYBR Green I荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果显示,3株分离菌株的理化特性符合创伤弧菌特征,16S rDNA与创伤弧菌标准菌株ATCC29307序列相似性达99%以上,系统发育树分析显示,3株分离株与创伤弧菌自然聚为一支,最终鉴定为创伤弧菌;药敏试验显示,3株菌对头孢克肟、头孢哌酮、链霉素、亚胺培南和氟苯尼考等药物高度敏感。人工回归感染试验表明,分离株具有致病性,且半滑舌鳎、斑马鱼的临床症状与自然患病鱼症状相似;组织病理学观察显示,鳃丝上皮细胞增生,鳃小片肿胀黏连、颗粒细胞和黏液细胞增多,肝脏中央静脉淤血,肾脏出血、坏死,肠道黏膜固有层萎缩、黏液细胞增多等。进一步建立OMP基因的荧光定量PCR方法,结果显示,标准曲线的相关系数为0.995,检测下限为1.88×10~2 CFU/mL。以上结果可为半滑舌鳎弧菌病的致病机理、分子诊断和防治提供科学参考。     

高校图书馆考试类图书采访质量控制

列举了高校图书馆考试类图书的主要种类,分析了影响考试类图书采访质量的原因,同时从实际工作出发,阐述了提高考试类图书采访质量的系列措施。     

层出镰刀菌处理对食用百合保护酶相关基因表达的影响

以4种食用百合为试材,利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)方法,研究了层出镰刀菌处理对食用百合保护酶相关基因(POD、CAT)相对表达量的影响,以期为研究食用百合抵抗逆境的分子机制提供参考依据。结果表明:POD在“龙牙×兰州”(R6-2、6)杂交百合、“铁炮×兰州”杂交百合、“兰州”百合被处理后的第1天相对表达量达到峰值且显著高于处理后的其它时间段,分别约为对照组的18.57、63.81、51.41、37.42倍,然而“铁炮”百合则是被处理后的第3天相对表达量达到峰值且显著高于处理后的其它时间段,约为对照组的113.19倍;CAT在“龙牙×兰州”(6)杂交百合、“铁炮×兰州”杂交百合均是被处理后的第1天相对表达量达到峰值且其显著高于处理后的其它时间段,分别约为对照组的68.02、19.77倍,在“龙牙×兰州”(R6-2)杂交百合、“兰州”百合则是被处理后的第3天相对表达量达到峰值,且显著高于处理后的其它时间段,分别约为对照组的30.69、25.19倍,铁炮百合是被处理后的第5天基因相对表达量达到峰值且显著高于其它时间段,约为对照组的71.83倍。     

Confirmation of Novel Quantitative Trait Loci for Seed Dormancy at Different Ripening Stages in Rice

Seed dormancy contributes resistance to pre-harvest sprouting.Effects on respective quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for dormancy should be assessed by using fresh seeds before germinability altered through storage.We investigated QTLs related to seed dormancy using backcross inbred lines derived from a cross between Nipponbare and Kasalath.Four putative QTLs for seed dormancy were detected immediately after harvest using composite interval mapping.These putative QTLs were mapped near C1488 on chromosome 3 (qSD-3.1),R2171 on chromosome 6 (qSD-6.1),R1245 on chromosome 7 (qSD-7.1) and C488 on chromosome 10 (qSD-10.1).Kasalath alleles promoted dormancy for qSD-3.1,qSD-6.1 and qSD-7.1,and the respective proportions of phenotypic variation explained by each QTL were 12.9%,9.3% and 8.1%.We evaluated the seed dormancy harvested at different ripening stages during seed development using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) to confirm gene effects.The germination rates of CSSL27 and CSSL28 substituted with the region including qSD-6.1 were significantly lower than those of Nipponbare and other CSSLs at the late ripening stage.Therefore,qSD-6.1 is considered the most effective novel QTL for pre-harvest sprouting resistance among the QTLs detected in this study.     

Relationship between rectal findings of corpus luteum and whole milk progesterone levels in postpartum dairy cows

The reliability of clinical ovarian findings was assessed as an indicator of luteal function in primiparous dairy cows. The postpartum period of 103 cows following their first parturition was studied by thrice weekly rectal palpation of ovaries and whole milk progesterone assay from 1 week after parturition to the first insemination. The relationship between milk progesterone levels and 1101 ovarian findings was compared during the follicular phases, short luteal phases and during the early, mid and late thirds of normal luteal phases. The compatibility between elevated progesterone and palpable corpus luteum was 71%, and between low progesterone and lack of corpus luteum 77%. In 10% of all rectal examinations the finding was unspecified; i.e. the clinician could not differentiate between luteal and follicular activity. During the acyclic period prior to the initiation of luteal function, the proportion of false corpus luteum findings was 11%. The corpora lutea of the short oestrous cycles were more difficult to palpate than those of normal cycles. During early dioestrus the corpus luteum was significantly more difficult to palpate than during the rest of dioestrus. The percentage of unspecified findings was highest during early dioestrus.The paper discusses the reliability of rectal examination as a method of diagnosing cyclicity and of evaluating the responsiveness of a cow to prostaglandin treatment.     

湖南省普通高校生均成本的探讨：Ⅰ.生无成本现状的调查与 …

为了解湖南省高等教育经费投入与高校生均支出成本之间的关系,对１９８５,１９９３,１９９４年和１９９５年４个年度湖南省属８所高等学校的生均支出成本和办学条件等基本情况进行了调查和分析。结果表明,在１９８５－１９９４年间,湖南省高等学校得到了较快发展,规模效益也有了明显提高。但是,由于政府对高等教育的投入不能满足办学的需要,加之本科办学规模扩大过快,导致了本科院校办不条件的农年下降。     

藏系绵羊IGF-1基因表达水平的实时荧光定量PCR检测

采用实时荧光定量PCR SYBR GreenI荧光染料法,对藏系绵羊皮肤细胞中IGF-1基因的表达水平进行了相对定量分析,建立了快速检测IGF-1基因表达量的方法。通过该方法检测出了IGF基因在藏系绵羊皮肤细胞中的相对表达量,且表达量有差异。该方法具有灵敏度高、重复性好、定量准确、速度快等优点。     

台湾生态工程材料之应用与评估

 对目前台湾地区所使用生态工程施作地点及应用材料等进行调查汇整、研究及分析,并就符合多样性生物栖息环境之生态工程材料进行开发研究,包括现地调查,岛内外资料搜集与资料分类整理,将已汇整的材料表格化。材料组件分为生物材料与非生物材料,而工法组合材料则分为木材工法类、地工材料类、土石材料类、植生工程类和再生材料类。工法所用材料之评估,分别就其功能性、生态栖地特性、经济性和材料再生特性进行综合指数评估。将材料整合评析,如种类、适用范围、使用条件、生命周期及各阶段对环境之兼容性等,进而归纳出生态工程应用材料的规划设计原则。