Movements and habitat use by pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca (L.)) in a hydropeaking reservoir

Abstract –  We used radio telemetry to measure the habitat use and movements of 20 tagged pikeperch (44–59 cm) in the hydropeaking Pyhäkoski Reservoir, Finland, during June 1999–2000. The hydrological conditions in the 8-km-long reservoir were measured and then modeled over eight discharge rates between 30 and 700 m³ · s⁻¹. Pikeperch preferred relatively low water velocities and deep water depths especially during the winter. During the summer, pikeperch moved actively in different parts of the reservoir. No relationship was found between hydroelectric plant operations and distances moved by pikeperch during the summer. Movements peaked in autumn but decreased during the winter to a restricted area. After 1 year of monitoring, 4 out of 20 tagged pikeperch remained in the Pyhäkoski Reservoir, three had died when descending from hydroelectric dams, 10 had descended downstream to other reservoirs or sea, two were captured by local fishermen, and one fish's signal was lost for unknown reasons.     

鸭疫里氏杆菌生长曲线的测定

采用P L琼脂平板涂布法 ,测定鸭疫里氏杆菌WJ4株 (血清 1型 )、FXb7株 (血清 2型 )在P L肉汤中静置培养和振荡培养情况下的生长曲线。结果表明 ,在P L肉汤中振荡培养时 ,WJ4株培养 10h达生长最高峰 ( 4 7× 10 1 0 CFU mL) ,FXb7株 11h活菌数最高达 ( 4 2× 10 1 0 CFU mL) ;在静置培养时 ,WJ4株培养 2 2h达最高峰 ( 1 8× 10 9CFU mL) ,FXb7株 2 3h可达最高峰 ( 1 3× 10 9CFU mL)。     

弹塑性反应谱的比较及其应用

等延性强度需求谱常用于结构需求曲线的建立．分析了等延性强度需求谱和等强度延性需求谱在概念上和计算方面的区别，表明改进能力谱法中由等延性强度需求谱反求结构的延性需求会不可避免地带来误差，建议直接采用等强度延性需求谱来计算结构的延性系数、算例分析表明，该法可以简单、有效地估计出结构在地震作用下的顶点位移需求，从而为结构的抗震性能评估提供依据．     

太行山前平原土壤水分特征曲线拟合参数的确定

本文分别用BrooksandCorey ,vanGenuchten和Broadbridge White模型拟合了太行山山前平原不同层次土壤水分特征曲线 (SWC) ,并用Mualem和Burdine模型计算了土壤非饱和导水率(K)和扩散率 (D)。最能较好计算实验地点D和K的方法是用vanGenuchten模型拟和SWC(约束条件m =1- 2 /n) ,用Burdine方法计算K和D。     

新型土坯墙体房屋抗震性能试验研究

提出了一种新型土坯墙房屋,对新型土坯墙房屋承重墙体的受力及抗震性能进行试验研究。设计三片新型土坯墙试件,研究土坯墙体在竖向荷载和反复水平荷载作用下的破坏过程、破坏形态、滞回曲线和骨架曲线特征以及墙体水平承载力和变形能力等,同时,研究新型构造措施对土坯墙抗震性能的作用。试验表明：新型土坯墙体的破坏模式与配筋混凝土小型空心砌块相似,土坯墙体具有良好的承载力和变形能力。新型构造措施对墙体整体抗震性能作用明显,其连接构造至关重要。与计算结果比较得出,在建筑抗震概念设计原则指导下,抗震设防7度区采用新型土坯墙建造二层房屋具有可行性。     

A CLASS OF CUBIC PARAMETER CURVES OF B-SPLINE TYPE WITH ARBITRARY PARAMETER

A class of cubic parameter curve of B-spline type is constructed in this paper with four arbitrary parameters, the cubic Hermite curve, Ball curve, Bezier curve, Timmer curve and B-spline curve as its special cases. The condition in which the curves contact with each edge of characteristic polygon is also given. In order to satisfy the actual riquirements,the shape(i. e. location of end point,direction of convixity and flexion,etc. )of curves can be modified by adjusting the four parameters.     

瘤胃脂肪分解菌实时荧光定量PCR方法的构建

为定量测定瘤胃脂肪分解菌,试验构建了脂肪分解菌实时荧光定量PCR的标准品及标准曲线。提取瘤胃微生物总DNA,以脂肪分解菌16S r DNA特异性引物进行PCR扩增,回收PCR产物,与PMD19-T Vector连接并转化大肠杆菌。阳性重组质粒经PCR和测序鉴定后,将提取的质粒DNA进行梯度稀释并作为模板,利用荧光定量PCR反应做出标准曲线。结果显示:PCR产物与目的基因的相似性大于99%,以不同稀释度的重组质粒为模板获得的荧光定量PCR扩增曲线差异明显,构建了相关系数接近1的标准曲线,且熔解曲线峰值单一。试验建立的实时荧光定量PCR方法可用于瘤胃脂肪分解菌的定量检测,为进一步研究该菌在反刍动物瘤胃发酵中的分子机理奠定了基础。     

Materials Hydrogen Storage V3TiNi0.56Al0.2 by Self-propagating High-temperature synthesis

With the help of the calculation of adiabatic temperature and thermodynamic analysis of the reactive system the autaurs discuss possibility about system of V 2O 5-TiO 2-Al by Self-propagating High-temperature synthesis(SHS).Hydrogen Storage V 3TiNi 0.56 Al 0.2 by SHS is studied by XRD,SEM and scanning electron microscopy.The experiment result indicates that it has same microstructure between synthesization by SHS and other ways.PCT curve indicated that alloy has certain hydrogen storage capability,saturated capacity of hydrogen storage is 0.092 L/g,which is a little lower than alloy by other ways.     

砂姜黑土的培肥与持续增产研究

在典型砂姜黑土上的六年定位试验证明:每年亩施圈肥2500～5000kg,可显著提高土壤有机质含量,全氮和速效氮有所增加,速效磷含量增高;在各种磷酸盐形态中,铝磷酸盐含量明显增加。施用圈肥的处理,耕层土壤容重降低,有效水含量显著提高,土壤持水曲线与对照处理有明显差别。施用氮磷化肥和无肥对照区,土壤有机质含量没有明显下降,说明砂姜黑土的土壤有机质分解速度是缓慢的。单纯施用氮磷化肥,第一年小麦增产幅度较大,以后小麦产量逐年下降。同时施用圈肥和氮磷化肥,小麦产量逐年呈上升趋势。     

The critical N dilution curve for linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is different from other C3 species

The objective was to determine the critical N dilution curve of linseed, which is the minimal total N concentration in shoots necessary to produce the maximal shoot dry matter, and to explain possible differences with other C3 species. One main experiment was carried out in 1998/1999 on winter linseed with four levels of fertilizer N. Two plant densities were also studied, the recommended one (600 seeds m⁻²) and the minimum for canopy closure (150 seeds m⁻²), in order to investigate the stability with plant density of the critical N dilution curve. Shoot dry weights (W_S) and shoot N contents expressed in percentage (N_S) were measured for the determination of the critical dilution curve, along with organ N percentages and relative weights. The results of four other experiments were used to validate the critical N dilution curve. Three of these four trials were conducted on winter linseed (one in 1996/1997 and two in 1997/1998) with five levels of fertilizer N, and one on spring linseed in 1999 with six levels of fertilizer N.

The critical N dilution curve of linseed was different from those of other C3 species. The curve was steeper, indicating a greater decrease in the critical shoot N concentration (N_SC) as the critical shoot dry weight (W_SC) increased. This linseed curve determined with the data of the main experiment was relevant when compared to the data of the four other experiments. Organ weight ratios and N concentration of organs were investigated in a fertilizer N treatment resulting in N_S close to the critical N values, N_SC. In this treatment, the decrease in N_S was the result of both a decrease in the N percentage of all organs and a decrease in the leaf weight ratio. The difference between linseed and other C3 species was mainly due to an acceleration of the dilution of N when leaf emission stopped and the flower bud emission began. At this stage of development, the leaf weight ratio of linseed was less than that of wheat, resulting in lower N_S. For a given W_S, no significant differences in N_S, organ N percentages nor organ weight ratios were observed between the two plant densities. This indicates that the difference between linseed and other C3 species could not result from very high plant densities in linseed. Hence, it is concluded that the linseed N accumulation in shoot is different from other C3 species.