废电器拆解业对农村社会经济环境影响的公众评价

通过对浙江省主要废电器拆解地--台州市路桥峰江地区的常住与暂住人口面对面的问卷调查,研究了废电器拆解业对农村社会经济环境的影响.结果表明,废电器拆解业一方面可对当地经济产生正面影响,如通过提供廉价原材料而带动当地塑料、轴承、机电、电线电缆、管道阀门等行业的发展;另一方面也会对当地的环境和村民健康产生一定的负面影响.综合分析表明,拆解业是一个不可持续发展的行业,但当地经济对拆解业仍有很大的依赖性.     

不同等级的布氏田鼠社群行为研究

对布氏田鼠社群个体的观察表明：个体的攻击行为因序位和性别有明显差异，高序位雄鼠攻击性最强；不同序位和陌生鼠被容忍的概率也有差异，低序位雌鼠较易被鼠鼠接受；低序位雌鼠进入陌生鼠群后有较多提高序位的机会。     

金丝梅在天水的引种适应性研究

对天水引种的金丝梅进行野外调查、引种试验与科学分析,掌握了其在天水的生长规律及对自然条件的适应性,通过评价其观赏价值,认为金丝梅是适合我国西北北亚热带、暖温带、中温带,湿润、半湿润、半干旱区生长的良好的观赏树种.     

基于.NET技术的农村公共管理与社会服务平台的构建

随着新农村建设的发展及农业产业结构调整的不断深入,农村居民信息需求的多样性和复杂性更加突显,推动面向农村农民的综合信息管理及服务体系建设已成为发展农村信息服务的主要任务之一。本文以新疆昌吉市榆树沟镇为示范区,通过实地调研,利用信息技术,围绕推进农村民主管理进程,研究新型农村公共管理关系,建立农村公共事业科学决策的程序和机制,设计开发了基于.Net技术的农村公共管理与社会服务平台,旨在提高农村公共管理工作效率,为乡镇开展各项社会服务工作提供具有可操作性的技术方案。     

基于主成份分析法和GIS技术的重庆市自然灾害社会易损性分析

探讨应用主成分分析法对影响重庆自然灾害易损的社会因素进行分析,构建主要成分和确定权重,再利用GIS技术对灾害的社会易损度进行综合空间分析计算,并按照社会易损程度把重庆的40个区县分成了5类区域。最后,对此类灾害研究方法存在的问题进行了讨论。     

四元联系数多因素态势排序分析法在谷子品种区试的应用研究

运用四元联系数多因素态势排序分析法综合评价了2005年国家谷子品种区域试验(华北夏谷区组)13个谷子品种。584为优良品种;528为优良偏良好品种;安1596较差。     

Weed infestation is affected by chickpea farmer demographics and agronomic practices

To investigate the effects of agronomic practices and farmer demographics on levels of weed infestation in chickpea fields, a survey was conducted during 2015 in Sanjabi district, Kermanshah, Iran. Two sets of data were collected: (a) weed sampling from the selected chickpea fields, and (b) questionnaire recording of farmer demographics and agronomic management. The farmers were asked about their residence status (resident or migrant), occupation (farming only, farming plus a second job), experience and education levels, as well as seedbed preparation, sowing date and method, source of seed supply, crop cultivar, sowing seed rate, weed control operation and crop rotation history. The results showed that weed species composition was similar across the studied fields. The use of a row crop planter, a sowing rate of 45 kg ha^‐1, and weed control resulted in 30.2, 23.03 and 34.2% reductions in weed infestation compared with hand sowing, a sowing rate of 30 kg ha^‐1 and lack of weed control, respectively. Weed density decreased with increasing farmer experience and decreased by 33.0% and 23.5% in chickpea fields of resident farmers and owners whose sole occupation was agriculture. We found that 89.5% of the most experienced farmers adopted weed control operations and most resident landowners (77.4%) opted for crop planter (77.4%) and weed control (90.3%) compared to migrant farmers (50 and 68.5%, respectively). More landowners who were exclusively farmers performed weed control (90.6%) than owners who had a second job (67.9%).     

社会信任、奖惩政策能促进农户参与农药包装废弃物回收吗?

文中基于江苏省实地调查数据,通过无序多分类Logistic回归模型,实证分析了社会信任、奖惩政策对农户农药包装废弃物回收意愿及行为产生偏差的抑制作用。调查及研究结果表明,农户虽具有较高回收意愿,但缺乏自主回收行为,两者存在较大偏差。农户间人际信任、制度信任程度每提高一个单位,农户回收意愿和行为正一致的概率分别提高7.22%和10.0%,产生悖离和负一致的概率分别下降4.74%、8.51%和2.47%、1.51%。农户在有奖惩政策地区比没有的地区回收意愿与行为正一致的概率提高8.95%,负一致和悖离的概率分别下降10.5%、1.69%。另外,社会信任对农药包装废弃物回收政策的实施效率具有调节效应。在绿色化生产中,奖惩政策是影响农户亲环境行为的首要因素,但社会信任的引导与约束也是必要的,政策强制性制约的同时也要重视社会信任等非正式制度的影响。     

Human Influence on Banj Oak (Quercus leucotrichophora,A. Camus) Forests of Central Himalaya

The present study suggests that the impact of human-induced small-scale disturbances (lopping of branches and leaf litter removal) adversely impacts the functioning of banj oak (Quercus leucotrichophora, A. Camus) forests of Central Himalaya. Significantly higher (p < .001) biomass stocks, carbon sequestration rates, soil carbon, leaf area index (LAI), litter fall, and faster litter decomposition rates were observed in least human influenced (LHI) forests as compared to moderately human influenced (MHI) forests and highly human influenced (HHI) forests. Three replicate forest stands of each category were selected for the observation. The study is used as a background to suggest alternative strategies to conserve the forests, taking into account the social and economic concerns of the village community.     

茶产业安全治理初探:机制与对策——基于群体性企业社会责任视角

对茶产业社会责任缺失的现状、原因、治理机制与对策进行了研究。通过低水平均衡博弈模型的构建,透视了茶产业的责任缺失原因,划分了低水平均衡的三大阶段:形成阶段——量变因素的积累,加剧阶段——客观因素的催化,失衡阶段——质变因素的爆发。群体性的社会责任缺失给茶产业带来极大破坏力,需要积极打破以逐利为主要目的的"低水平均衡状态",通过构建"全主体+全过程+全方位"的茶产业社会责任缺失治理体系,以形成"诚信、透明、公开、公平"的高水平均衡博弈,促进茶产业的健康可持续发展。