Large Span Concrete Box Beam Construction Technology

Combined with the engineering practice, the method of large span post tensioned prestressed box beam construction technology was introduced, which can provide the reference for the similar project.     

The optimized Gabor window spectrum of gear fault diagnosis detection

There is a lot of non-stationary signals in gear vibration signals,which is analyzed by using Gabor spectrum. To resolve the problem of the choice of window,a method based on entropy is proposed to select the optimal Gabor window width,and the time-frequency resolution of Gabor transform is improved. Since the spectrum has its specific mechanism of crossing-item,the Gabor spectrum is calculated in the region of the key support area and the crossing-item is effectively removed,then the Gabor spectrum is used to analysis the time-frequency distribution of vibration signals of gear,and this method is compared with traditional analysis methods. The result shows that the Gabor spectrum can intuitively react abnormal gear and energy changes with time,and easily diagnose the gear fault.     

Online MW-MSPCA data-driven fault diagnosis

To track the non-stationary dynamics of the process which contains time-varying and multi-scale data, an online moving window multi-scale principal component analysis（MW-MSPCA） data-driven-based fault diagnosis method is proposed. In this data-driven diagnosis technique, wavelet threshold denoising is used to solve the conflict between the statistical model deviation and data correlation decreasing. The statistical models are updated by using moving window principal component analysis in various scales. The contribution of individual process variable to the process behavior change is illustrated in a 3-dimensional contribution chart. A quantitative evaluation mechanism is also given to evaluate the diagonising accuracy. The numerical experimental results for 6135D diesel demonstrate that the proposed method can diagnose sensor fault better in terms of false rejection, false alarm and diagnosing accuracy for fault diagnosis upon comparing with conventional multi-scale principal component analysis（MSPCA） and adaptive multi-way principal component analysis（AMPCA） modeling.     

Regional and circadian variations of sweating rate and body surface temperature in camels (Camelus dromedarius)

It was the aim of this study to investigate the regional variations in surface temperature and sweating rate and to visualize body thermal windows responsible for the dissipation of excess body heat in dromedary camels. This study was conducted on five dromedary camels with mean body weight of 450 ± 20.5 kg and 2 years of age. Sweating rate, skin and body surface temperature showed significant (P < 0.001) circadian variation together with the variation in ambient temperature. However, daily mean values of sweating rate, skin and body surface temperature measured on seven regions of the camel body did not significantly differ. The variation in body surface temperature compared to the variation in skin temperature was higher in the hump compared to the axillary and flank regions, indicating the significance of camel's fur in protecting the skin from daily variation in ambient temperature. Infrared thermography revealed that flank and axillary regions had lower thermal gradients at higher ambient temperature (T_a) and higher thermal gradients at lower T_a, which might indicate the working of flank and axillary regions as thermal windows dissipating heat during the night. Sweating rate showed moderate correlation to skin and body surface temperatures, which might indicate their working as potential thermal drivers of sweating in camels.     

Sliding mode control of robot with dynamic friction and dead zone compensation using fuzzy logic and neural network

Aiming to solve the problem of nonlinear uncertainties LuGre dynamic friction and non-symmetric dead zone in the robot,this paper presents a sliding mode robust robot control algorithm,compensates for the uncertainties of robot manipulator respectively LuGre dynamic friction with fuzzy radial base function (RBF)neural network and asymmetrical dead zone with fuzzy logic,trains parameters of nonlinear dynamic friction and asymmetrical dead zone real-timely and adaptively,to achieve an accurate reproduction of the actual robot system,and proves the Lyapunov stability of the algorithm. The simulation of a two-degree-of-freedom robot manipulator proves that the algorithm improves the trajectory tracking accuracy,the control torque stability and friction torque stability of the robot. Meanwhile,it is found that control moment pulse compensation error,rhombus attractor in the kinetic properties of the friction model of robot manipulator,and lacking of dead zone compensation cause nonlinear kinetic phenomena,such as limit cycle oscillation of control system. And the estimation of ε in the dead zone inverse model plays a decisive role in the accuracy of the system.     

基于分层模型的轮毂电机驱动车辆直接横摆力矩控制

为提高多轮轮毂电机驱动车辆动力学综合控制性能,提出了一种基于分层模型的直接横摆力矩控制策略。上层为运动跟踪控制层,设计了基于车轮转角的前馈控制器,对车辆横摆角速度稳态增益进行调节,同时将滑模控制进行改进,设计了滑模条件积分控制器进行反馈控制,使横摆角速度追踪其期望值;下层为转矩优化分配层,基于稳定性优先原则,建立了以减小轮胎负荷率为目标的优化函数,并且将控制分配问题转换为二次规划问题进行求解。依托某型8×8轮毂电机驱动样车进行实车试验,结果表明,在连续转向工况和双移线工况下,所提出的控制策略使车辆最大横摆角速度偏差分别降至理想横摆角速度的6%和9%以内。此外,该策略能够有效控制轮胎负荷率,实现转向行驶时的转矩优化分配,改善了车辆操纵稳定性。     

滑切型自激振动减阻深松装置设计与试验

针对长江中下游地区黏重土壤深松作业阻力大的问题,基于滑切和自激振动减阻的原理,设计了滑切型自激振动深松装置。对滑切型铲柄的滑切角及刃口角进行了分析及参数设计,通过有限元分析,表明铲柄强度符合设计要求,自激振动弹簧采用内外双弹簧以减小自激振动装置的结构尺寸。土槽对比试验表明,固定连接方式滑切型深松铲在各速度下相对于传统弧形深松铲减阻7. 79%～8. 81%,自激振动连接方式滑切型深松铲在各速度下相对于传统弧形深松铲减阻15. 45%～20. 05%。田间性能试验表明,深松后各深度下土壤坚实度下降显著,0～10 cm、10～20 cm和20～30 cm深度下土壤坚实度分别减小78. 18%、56. 08%和62. 72%;深松后各深度下土壤容重下降14. 66%～20. 81%,土壤含水率在0～10 cm略有下降,在10～20 cm和20～30 cm略有上升;土壤扰动系数均值为60. 8%,土壤蓬松度均值为11. 9%;深松深度及其稳定性系数符合行业标准,滑切型自激振动深松装置作业质量总体满足作业要求。     

滑块式自定心中心架的结构设计及运动学分析

轴类工件在磨削加工的过程中会产生变形,因此需要中心架来辅助加工。提出了一种滑块式自定心中心架,并对其进行结构分析,通过将该中心架的运动分解为4个过程,剖析其工作原理,同时分别分析了滑块-机爪和4个夹头的运动学原理并建立参数化设计模型。通过分析该中心架的微调结构,得到了定位中心线在垂直和水平方向偏移的微调原理,对滑块式自定心中心架的设计有一定的参考价值。     

大型连栋鸡舍自然采光的设计与测试

分析了大型连栋鸡舍自然采光的设计原则和屋顶采光窗的设计方法,测定了山东蓬莱某自然采光连栋鸡舍的室内光环境状况。理论分析与实测结果表明：确保室内光照分布均匀的屋顶采光窗（带）宽度与间距的比值应不小于窗壁高与室内笼顶净高的２倍的比值。     

Bonga shad (Ethmalosa fimbriata) spawning tactics in an upwelling environment

Successful recruitment in small pelagic fish populations inhabiting upwelling zones is subject to variation in fecundity and is driven by spatial and temporal fluctuations in environmental conditions, that is, mainly sea surface temperature, salinity and food availability. These fluctuations in abiotic factors have stimulated small pelagic fish populations to exhibit specifically adapted spawning tactics. To better understand to what extent a short‐lived exploited fish species such as bonga shad Ethmalosa fimbriata has adapted to an upwelling environment, we have investigated the interrelationship between upwelling intensity as a proxy for productivity and population fecundity by means of a virtual population analysis. We found that females of intermediate size contributed significantly more eggs to the population's fecundity than smaller or larger ones. Our model results further indicate that E. fimbriata exhibits a spawning preference at water temperatures of around 25°C and upwelling intensities of around 2.5 m³ s^?1 m^?1. Hence, we hypothesize that climate change‐driven increases in sea temperatures and modifications of upwelling‐favourable winds could significantly impact the species’ reproductive biology. To understand how climate change might impact fisheries, spawning tactics of small pelagic fishes are important to assess as well as their recruitment success. Such information is particularly relevant in countries where the fishery is critical at socio‐economic level, to better implement fisheries management addressing multiple stressors.