Importance of Noncrystalline Hydroxide Phases in Sequential Extractions to Fractionate Antimony in Acid Soils

Abstract

Sequential extraction techniques have been used to make inferences about speciation of phosphorus (P) and to a lesser extent arsenic (As) in soils. However, sequential extraction studies on the less‐abundant group V element, antimony (Sb), are limited. In this work, a widely used P sequential extraction scheme was modified and used to extract P, As, and Sb from two acidic soils from the Macleay River floodplain, NSW, that were enriched with Sb (26.9 and 23.0 mg kg^?1). An ammonium oxalate–oxalic acid step was included in the extraction sequence to dissolve the noncrystalline iron (Fe) and aluminium (Al) hydroxide phase. It extracted 30 to 47% of Sb, indicating the importance of this fraction, which may be mobilized in the floodplain by acid sulfate soil processes and periodic waterlogging. The original method overestimated P, As, and Sb in the residual fraction (30–71%). Relative efficiency values of extracts for P, As, and Sb were compared, and inferences about phase distributions were made. The results suggest some potential in using extractions to assess bioavailability of Sb in soil.     

基于DPSA算法的“单库-单站”水资源优化调度方法研究

提出了单座水库与单座补水泵站水资源优化调度的非线性数学模型,模型以年内各时段的缺(弃)水量的平方最小为目标函数,各时段水库供水量和泵站引提水量为决策变量,各时段水库库容为状态变量,以年调节水库可供水量、泵站年引提水总量、水库与补水泵站的联合运行准则(泵站闲时补库、忙时供水)等为约束条件,并以南水北调东线一期江苏境内"骆马湖-皂河站"为实例,采用动态规划逐次逼近法进行求解。结果表明,相同供水保证率时,50%、75%、95%来水频率下泵站补水量、缺水量、弃水量比常规调度均有减少。     

动物脂肪沉积程序化及精氨酸的调控作用

脂肪的过度沉积常伴随着胰岛素抵抗、Ⅱ型糖尿病等代谢病症,既危害人类健康,带来经济负担,也会在农业生产中影响畜牧产品的质量。脂肪的沉积,始于胚胎期脂肪组织的发育,是一系列程序化作用的结果。脂肪沉积受多方因素影响,营养干预可以通过胚胎环境中的糖皮质激素浓度、线粒体功能、表观遗传、食欲中枢发育等方面影响胚胎脂肪沉积程序化。论文阐述了动物出生前后营养状况对脂肪沉积程序化的作用,对脂肪沉积的机制进行了初步探讨,并介绍了精氨酸营养在脂肪沉积中的应用。饮食中添加精氨酸为治疗脂肪过度沉积,提高畜牧生产水平,改善人类生活质量,开拓了新的思路。     

"已实现"波动率理论研究与评价

"已实现"波动率是一种全新的金融波动率测量方法。"已实现"波动率在理论上没有测量误差的无偏估计量,在实证建模方面比其他模型更易于估计参数,同时最优频率的选取对于"已实现"波动率的测量精确度是很重要的。     

灌溉渠系流量最优调配的0-1规划模型

本文根据灌溉配水渠系的运行特点,提出在一定轮期和来水流量限制条件下实现下级配水渠最优组合及其配水时间最优排序的一种0-1规划模型,实例运算表明,这种方法可有效减少无效弃水和闸门调节次数,同时对渠道横断面的设计有参考意义。     

NETWORK FEOW APPROACH TO RELIABILITY EVALUATION IN IARGE SCALE NETWORKS BY MIXING INCREASING ELOW WITH DECREASING FLOW

Based on the maximum flow principle about networks, a network flow approach to reliability evaluation in large scale netwerks ty mixing inereasing flow with decreasing flow is proposed in this paper.This approach gets the initial flow of each branch in a r.etwork associated with a state of the retwork by decreasing flows of some branches correlative to another state of the network.As a result, the number of flow compute required can be reduced enormously.The numerical example shows that the approach is powerful. The comparison of this approach with the minimal cutset one is also given in this paper.     

Third-party Logistics Subcontract Design Based on Bilevel Programming

The research theme of this paper is about how third-party logistics provider design a kind of effective incentive mechanism which can not only avoid the moral hazard behavior of the subcontractor , but also promote subcontractor to raise the serving performance constantly, until obtaining the best TPL performance .Through building bilevel programming model where constructing the Nash equilibrium model this paper, the anthors assume subcontract decision variable as endogenetic variable first, and then analyze the optimal solution with the restraint of Nash equilibrium at the time of decision variable as exogenous variable, push the subcontract relationship research at the principal-agent level into the lay that principal-agent combining with whole contract performance optimal decision.     

SOME PROPERTIES OF FEASIBLE DIRECTIONS

Some properties of feasible direction in the convx case are generalized to, the corresponding properties in generalized covex case and their applications for multiobjective mathematical programming are discussed in this paper.     

RESEARCH ON A KIND OF GREY LINEAR PROGRAMMING AND THEIR DUAL THEORIES

In this paper, a kind of grey linear programming with grey interval coefficients is discussed,the definitions of the first and second whitenized linear programmlngs and the grey dual linear programmings are presented, the relationships between the solutions of the above three kinds of programming and the solution of the primal programming are explored, and some new conclusions are obtained.     

A Dynamic Model for Generation Expansion Planning and Algorithm

This paper discusses the problem of long-range generation expansion planning. A dynamic model for long-range expansion planning is set up and an algorithm-a two-step programming is presented, which is used here in a case.