近红外技术在牧草方面的应用

通过对近红外光谱法的基本原理、特点、近红外光谱仪的发展及其在国外牧草应用上的研究情况作一阐述,来推动近红外技术在我国牧草研究中的应用.     

Real-time spectral classification of compression wood inPicea abies

Compression wood is formed by the living tree to compensate for external loads. It creates wood fibers with properties undesirable in sawn products. Automatic detection of compression wood can lead to production advantages. A wood surface was scanned with a spectrometer, and compression wood was detected by analyzing the spectral composition of light reflected from the wood surface within the visible spectrum. Linear prediction models for compression wood in Norway spruce (Picea abies) were produced using multivariate analysis and regression methods. The resulting prediction coefficients were implemented in a scanning system using the MAPP2200 smart image sensor combined with an imaging spectrograph. This scanning system is capable of making a pixelwise classification of a wood surface in real time. Classification of one spruce plank was compared with analysis by scanning electron microscopy, showing that the automatic classification was correct in 11 of 14 cases.     

Genetic Algorithms and Ultravoilet Spectroscopy as Applied to Multicomponent Analysis of Amino Acids

Modified Genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed for simultaneous multicomponent analysis of ultraviolet spectroscopy is of four amino acids Tyr, Trp, Phe and Dhp.     

便携式加热磁力搅拌器的研制

采用非接触式测温测速、单片机控制及机电一体化技术,研制出便携式加热磁力搅拌器．使其在结构、性能上实现了轻型化、微型化、智能化,并提高了搅拌浸提效率．     

工厂化水产养殖水质监测系统

工厂化水产养殖的密度高、风险大,养殖对象对pH、溶解氧、温度、氨氮、亚硝酸盐等水质参数的变化敏感,受影响严重,监测水质参数极为重要。本文针对工厂化水产养殖水质监测特点和需求,研发了工厂化水产养殖水质监测系统。分析研究pH、溶解氧、温度、亚硝酸盐等水质参数的阈值,设计水质监测数据无线采集节点和基于Zigbee的无线监测网络,建立水质监测系统软件平台。结果表明,该系统能够实现工厂化水产养殖水质实时监测,保证生产安全,提高水产养殖生产效率。     

橡胶油管式车辆行驶称重技术的研究

提出了一种橡胶油管的车辆行驶称重技术,并研制了一种便携式车辆行驶称重系统。针对多种因素会对行驶称重系统的输出值产生影响,提出一种与BP神经网络相结合的计算模型,进行数据处理,同时结合信息融合技术建立了车型识别模型及专家系统。经一系列试验证明,该行驶称重系统可实现不同路面的超载检查的要求,为车辆超载检测及交通数据统计提供了一种经济有效的手段。     

奶牛场无线传感器网络设计研究

针对奶牛养殖场数据采集时不易实现检测区域的完全覆盖和铺设线缆繁琐的问题,设计了由高性能、低功耗单片机ATmega32L和无线通信模块CRM2400CNC,建立奶牛养殖场无线传感器网络。同时,重点讨论了系统结构、传感器节点的硬软件设计和通信协议等关键问题,结合奶牛场的实际对系统结构的简化进行了研究,并提出了一种新的适合动态网络的跨层技术。试验结果表明,该系统具有结构简单、成本低、功耗低等特点。     

基于单片机的超声测距系统设计

介绍一种基于单片机的脉冲反射式超声测距系统,提出了系统的总体构成,针对测距系统发射、接收、检测、显示部分的总体设计方案进行了论证,分析了系统各部分的硬件及软件实现。最后文中分析了误差产生的原因,并对系统完善提出了一些建议。     

土壤含盐量对TDR含水率测试结果的影响及校正方法

利用多种TDR仪器测试不同盐分质量浓度条件下的含水率,与烘干法测得的结果进行比较,探讨了土壤盐分对各种TDR仪器的测量精度的影响。针对TDR100仪器,采用多种探头,分析不同长度、不同间距的探针对测试结果的影响。结果表明,所选5种仪器测试结果均受盐分影响,随盐分质量浓度的增加,测得的含水率值增大或是无法得出合理数值。TDR100所用探头,其探针越长、间距越宽受盐分影响越大。在含盐率较低的土体中,各仪器测试结果与烘干法测量结果变化趋势基本一致,可采用线性函数进行标定,R2均在0.94以上。试验结果可为野外试验的选点、测试和含水率校正提供参考。     

SPECTRAL BEHAVIOUR AND SPECTRAL SEPARABILITY OF ERODED LANDS USING MULTI-SENSOR DATA

A sound knowledge of the spectral behaviour of any feature or phenomenon helps to establish its spectral response pattern, which ultimately allows it to be detected and delineated using spectral measurements made by multispectral sensors aboard different platforms. The spectral behaviour of eroded lands and associated features was studied in part of the Bijapur District of Karnataka State using multispectral measurements made by the Landsat-multispectral scanner system (MSS) and thematic mapper (TM), and SPOT-HRV multispectral linear array (MLA) sensors under near-identical illumination and atmospheric conditions. The spectral separability of different categories of eroded lands was also studied using scattergrams and divergence analysis. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.