dsPIC30F5011在煤矿风机监控分站中的应用

文章主要介绍以dsPIC30F5011单片机在风机监控分站中的应用。风机监控分站对风机监控系统中各个设备的运行状态进行实时在线监控,确保风机正常运行。     

基于单片机与电话网的远程测控研究

在很多的行业、部门中,都存在着因为现场与能够处理数据的管理机构隔着较远的距离,或者因为现场无人值守而导致取得的第一手数据无法及时的进行上传,但是,又必须要定时的对部分现场数据进行及时的了解和传送,这样的话对现场的情况就能够起到实时监控或者准时监控的目的。这时,各行业部门中就非常需要得到一种能够满足该项要求的单片机数据采集及远程通信系统来提供可靠的技术支持。     

Campylobacter monitoring in German broiler flocks: an explorative time series analysis

Campylobacter, a major zoonotic pathogen, displays seasonality in poultry and in humans. In order to identify temporal patterns in the prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in a voluntary monitoring programme in broiler flocks in Germany and in the reported human incidence, time series methods were used. The data originated between May 2004 and June 2007. By the use of seasonal decomposition, autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions, it could be shown that an annual seasonality is present. However, the peak month differs between sample submission, prevalence in broilers and human incidence. Strikingly, the peak in human campylobacterioses preceded the peak in broiler prevalence in Lower Saxony rather than occurring after it. Significant cross-correlations between monthly temperature and prevalence in broilers as well as between human incidence, monthly temperature, rainfall and wind-force were identified. The results highlight the necessity to quantify the transmission of Campylobacter from broiler to humans and to include climatic factors in order to gain further insight into the epidemiology of this zoonotic disease.     

穗状玉米测产系统设计与试验

设计了由产量监视器、速度传感器、产量传感器、差分全球定位系统(DGPS)、割台高度传感器、升运器转速传感器和玉米果穗导向装置组成的穗状玉米测产系统,并应用该系统进行田间测产试验。收获作业前抽样测量玉米果穗的粒穗比和含水率;玉米收获机工作时,以割台高度传感器作为逻辑开关,割台收获玉米果穗,通过导向装置使玉米果穗以相同速度冲击产量传感器;产量传感器将冲量转化为电信号,并传给产量监视器;产量监视器融合产量、速度、升运器转速及DGPS信息计算出当前小区产量并存储在扩展名为.vld的文件中,应用自行研制的农业空间信息采集与应用系统(DCAS)可绘制收获产量图。2009年秋季应用该系统进行田间玉米收获实时测产,田间试验数据表明该系统测产平均相对误差为18.11%。     

Recreational sea fishing in Europe in a global context—Participation rates,fishing effort,expenditure, and implications for monitoring and assessment

Marine recreational fishing (MRF) is a high‐participation activity with large economic value and social benefits globally, and it impacts on some fish stocks. Although reporting MRF catches is a European Union legislative requirement, estimates are only available for some countries. Here, data on numbers of fishers, participation rates, days fished, expenditures, and catches of two widely targeted species were synthesized to provide European estimates of MRF and placed in the global context. Uncertainty assessment was not possible due to incomplete knowledge of error distributions; instead, a semi‐quantitative bias assessment was made. There were an estimated 8.7 million European recreational sea fishers corresponding to a participation rate of 1.6%. An estimated 77.6 million days were fished, and expenditure was €5.9 billion annually. There were higher participation, numbers of fishers, days fished and expenditure in the Atlantic than the Mediterranean, but the Mediterranean estimates were generally less robust. Comparisons with other regions showed that European MRF participation rates and expenditure were in the mid‐range, with higher participation in Oceania and the United States, higher expenditure in the United States, and lower participation and expenditure in South America and Africa. For both northern European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, Moronidae) and western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua, Gadidae) stocks, MRF represented 27% of the total removals. This study highlights the importance of MRF and the need for bespoke, regular and statistically sound data collection to underpin European fisheries management. Solutions are proposed for future MRF data collection in Europe and other regions to support sustainable fisheries management.     

我国水土保持监测制度体系建设现状与任务

建立和健全监测制度,是水土保持监测工作的主要内容和重要保障,对规范水土保持监测行为、实现水土保持监测全过程管理的制度化和科学化具有十分重要的意义。经过20年的努力,已初步建立了由法律法规、规范性文件和技术标准构成的水土保持监测制度体系。其中,法律法规主要包括《中华人民共和国水土保持法》及其实施条例、部门规章和地方性法规等,规范性文件主要包括综合管理、监测网络和信息系统建设与管理、动态监测管理、水土流失灾害事件调查管理、监测数据管理等5类管理制度,技术标准体系中包括已颁布的15项和正在制订与拟编的15项技术规程或规范。     

绍兴市农业生态和农业气象灾害监测预警系统

通过建立基于3S技术的农业生态监测和基于自动气象站、雷达、卫星、数值预报、短信息技术的农业气象灾害监测预警系统,动态监测绍兴市耕地被侵占面积,分析水资源分布、土地利用覆盖等农业自然资源分布特征,并对农业气象灾害实现监测和预警,从而为根据当地自然资源优势,通过农业结构调整,有效地减轻气象灾害损失,促进农业可持续发展提供技术支撑。     

蘑菇渣堆肥做基质对华北落叶松容器苗生长的影响1）

以华北落叶松（ Larix principis-rupprechtii）播种容器苗为研究对象,采用完全随机设计,试验设置6个处理,通过比较苗木形态指标及苗木根系形态结构的差异,研究了添加不同比例的蘑菇渣堆肥对华北落叶松苗木生长的影响。结果表明：基质的密度、pH值、EC值随着蘑菇渣堆肥比例的增加呈现逐渐增大的趋势,总孔隙度、持水孔隙度与对照无显著差异;苗木苗高、地径、生物量及苗木总根长、总根表面积、总根体积随着蘑菇渣堆肥比例增加呈现逐渐减小的趋势;基质中蘑菇渣堆肥比例在0～20％范围内时,苗木形态指标及苗木根系形态结构均与对照无显著差异,基质中蘑菇渣堆肥比例大于30％时,苗木形态指标及苗木根系形态结构与对照出现显著差异,苗木生长受到不利影响。     

称钩河流域示范坝系监测设想

称钩河流域坝系监测的主要内容包括:工程建设动态监测、拦沙蓄水监测、坝地利用及增产效益监测、坝系工程安全监测。通过监测工程的实施,准确评价坝系建设的生态、经济和社会效益,为全市今后建设安全运行、相对稳定的小流域坝系提供强有力的技术支撑,同时提高坝系及淤地坝设计、施工、管理和生产的水平,保证坝系工程整体质量与效益的全面稳定发挥。