Exercise in Thoroughbred yearlings during sales preparation: a cohort study

Reasons for performing study: There is increasing evidence suggesting that early exercise in Thoroughbred racehorses may be beneficial to the development of the musculoskeletal system. At present, information on the exercise programmes and health problems of individual yearlings during a sales preparation is scant. Objectives: To describe the exercise and health problems of Thoroughbred yearlings during preparation for sales, and to identify variations in exercise between and within farms. Methods: A prospective cohort study was used to collect exercise and health information from 18 farms across New Zealand. Daily exercise records for individual horses were recorded during the studfarms' preparation for the annual national yearling sales in January 2009. Results: Data were collected from 319 yearlings, of which 283 (88.7%) were exercised (hand walking, mechanical walker and lungeing) during their preparations. Sales preparation lasted a median of 69 days (interquartile range 61–78) and differed significantly between farms (P<0.001). The median exercise time performed differed significantly by gender (P<0.001), farm (P<0.001) and month of the preparation (P<0.001), but not by type of sale (P = 0.14) or category of sales price (P = 0.12). Within certain farms, daily exercise differed between horses as did total exercise by gender and the number of days spent in the sales preparation. Lameness was the most common condition affecting yearlings and the overall incidence rate of lameness was 0.08 per 100 horse days (95% confidence interval 0.05–0.13). Incidence rates of lameness varied significantly between farms (P = 0.02), but not by age (P = 0.77), sales type (P = 0.58) or month of the preparation (P = 0.53). Conclusions and potential relevance: Yearling exercise programmes varied between and within farms. Since exercise is already being tailored for each individual horse, there may be an opportunity to allow for modifications to sales preparation with the future career in mind.     

Growing common plantation tree species in Kenya for sale of carbon and wood supply: what is the best bet?

The introduction of carbon finance as an incentive in forestry farming has a potential of increasing the amount of carbon sequestered. However, this has created a daunting task among investors in forestry to optimise the joint production of wood and carbon sequestration. For instance, investors might find it profitable to give up some timber returns in exchange for carbon credits. This study evaluated expected income from growing Cupressus lusitanica Mill., Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham., Eucalyptus saligna Sm. and Juniperus procera Hochst. ex Endl. for wood and/or the carbon market in central Kenya. The global average unit price of carbon and stumpage royalty were used to estimate expected returns from sale of carbon credits and wood, respectively. There were significant differences (p < 0.01) in the expected amount of income from sale of carbon and wood among the four species. Specifically, at economic rotation of 30 years with stand density of 532 trees ha^?1 P. patula and C. lusitanica yielded US$28 050 and US$23 650, respectively, from sale of carbon compared with US$59 000 and US$51 000, respectively, from sale of wood. This was twice the value investors receive from clear-felling as compared with sales from carbon. Similarly, at economic rotation of 33 years with stand density of 150 trees ha^?1, a forest investor in E. saligna would earn US$15 400 from sale of carbon compared with US$33 000 from sale of wood. Overall, the amount expected to be realised from sale of carbon was lower compared with that from sale of wood. This demonstrates that the price dynamics of carbon offsets in the voluntary and the compliance markets need to remain competitive and attractive for the forest owners to give up some timber returns in exchange for carbon income or to modify forest management regulation in order to increase carbon sequestration.     

商品猪胴体性能对分割销售后效益的影响

试验以深圳某集团销售外三元商品猪为研究对象,分析了商品猪不同胴体性能对分割销售效益的影响.结果表明,销售完成率与胴体背膘厚呈正相关,不同背膘厚的销售完成率差异极显著(P<0.01);销售完成率与胴体重呈正相关,不同胴体重的销售完成率差异显著(P<0.05);销售毛利率与胴体背膘厚呈正相关,不同背膘厚的销售毛利率差异极显...     

改革高校公有住房售后服务管理的探析

改革高校公有住房售后服务管理, 应在明确 “售后服务”的概念、内容、划清住户自有部分和共用部分的界限及权属关系的基础上, 建立以法律为依据,以市场经济为杠杆, 有一支专业化、社会化的售后服务队伍和调动相关权人积极性等为主要内容的售后服务管理新机制。     

望新水产良种场鱼苗生产综合分析

本文根据望新水产良种场计算机储存的数据，对亲鱼生产效率、亲鱼使用率、鱼苗生产成本和鱼苗销售等有关问题进行综合分析。结果表明，该场投产的亲鱼大多处于壮年期；该场投产的亲鱼只占生产用亲鱼的60％左右；饲料、维修、材料等价格上涨是鱼苗生产成本上升的主要因素；该场鱼苗合同完成率、鱼苗销售品种、数量及地区都发生了新的变化，但北方地区仍占该场鱼苗销售量的70％左右。     

2006年宁夏油料产销形势分析

通过对宁夏油料生产情况和市场供需状况的调查研究,分析了宁夏向日葵生产的优势,预测2006年宁夏主要油料的价格将上涨,产量和产值将比2005年提高,针对产业发展存在的主要问题:品种老化、栽培密度过大和管理粗放,提出对策与措施.     

农产品滞销的4P对策分析

在分析了农产品价格不断上升与农产品滞销同时出现这一问题的基础上,指出农民生产盲目性、市场价格走势不明等是该现象的主要原因,并提出运用4P营销组合策略解决农产品滞销问题。     

云南柑桔生产潜力和发展途径

根据云南柑桔的产需现状和产地分布,结合柑桔对气候环境的要求和外省柑桔长期占领本省市场的现实,论述了在云南种植柑桔的最适宜和适宜地区,利用柑桔发展地域广阔、资源丰富、熟期优势和果农积极性高等潜力,按照“因地制宜,因市需要,扬长避短,发挥优势”的原则,选栽适地、适树、适销的优良品种,应用现代高新栽培管理技术和完善营销体系,开拓外地市场,使柑桔发展成为云南的一项重要产业。     

浅谈企业物资购销合同的管理

阐述了企业物资购销合同管理应注意的问题,指出要增强法律意识、建立健全物资供销合同管理体系,要依法签订物资购销合同,要把好签约关、审批关、定金关、验收关和付款关。