150QJS20型精铸不锈钢深井泵的开发

精铸不锈钢井泵成本高,市场定位为中高端用户,在对耐腐蚀、耐磨及使用寿命较高要求的特定场合有着广泛的应用.为研制高端深井泵产品,在精铸不锈钢工艺的基础上,开发出150QJS20型多级深井泵.在研制过程中主要采用了4个方面的技术：首先,精铸不锈钢井泵导叶壳体的翻边采用向外翻边的方式,消除了向内翻边时存在的精铸过程清砂困难;其次,泵的导叶采用了圆周弯扭式的径向导叶,比传统的铸造工艺中采用的空间更节约材料,也缩短了轴向长度,提高了运行可靠性;第三,泵体结构采用拉杆连接,级与级之间采用止口连接,由密封圈进行密封,整体外观更加紧凑,运输和检修更为简便;第四,主要配件通用,保证了系列产品零件的互换性,减轻生产加工成本.通过进行样机试制和试验表明150QJS20泵效率接近国标,但单级扬程显著增加,相比传统的空间导叶式多级井泵,其结构更紧凑轻巧.通过150QJS20多级深井泵的研制,对发展中高端井泵产品提供了一定的参考.     

水动冷却塔直驱混流式水轮机转轮数值模拟优化

针对比转数仅有54的水动冷却塔直驱混流式水轮机,选取影响水轮机转轮效率的6个重要水力参数β1,β2,b0/D1,Φ/D1,Z,a/D1,每个因素取2个水平,设计L8（2^7）正交表,生成8个设计方案.通过CFD软件分别对8个方案的水轮机进行全流道数值模拟,采用理论分析和CFD技术分析转轮水力损失特性,对比其结果、优化转轮参数,再将优化后方案进行数值模拟和外特性试验,对比得到的结果,表明使用正交化方法结合CFD技术可在较少的试验方案下有效地改进水轮机叶轮水力性能,达到水轮机优化设计的目的.在设计流量点Q为5 000 t/h处,优化后的模型转轮输出功率为156.57 kW,水轮机效率达到86.51%;数值模拟效率比试验效率低0.11%,实测结果的基本趋势与数值模拟结果相一致.     

立式螺旋开沟器土槽试验装置

为了研究立式螺旋开沟器在不同前进速度、转速、开沟深度以及开沟角度组合工况下进行作业的功率消耗情况,设计了一套试验装置.该装置以上位机和数据采集卡为控制系统核心,利用LabVIEW编写的测控软件实现了开沟器转速、转矩等参数的采集、显示以及土壤切削功耗的处理和分析,以获得不同前进速度、转速、开沟深度以及开沟角度组合作用下土壤功耗的变化情况.利用该试验装置在转速为250 r/min,开沟角度为0°,开沟深度为250 mm的情况下,进行了前进速度分别为3,4,5 m/min的单因素土壤切削试验,并将试验参数代入切削功耗的理论计算公式中,从而对试验结果加以计算验证.单因素试验结果表明：该装置能模拟开沟器在不同前进速度、转速、开沟深度以及开沟角度组合作用下的土壤切削全过程,并且以前进速度为单因素变量的试验测得的土壤切削功耗与理论计算的最大误差为11.05%.     

伊维菌素纳米乳对牛的安全性研究

研究了新型伊维菌素纳米乳对靶动物牛的安全性。将24 头牛随机分成4 组设空白对照、1 倍推荐剂 量3 倍剂量5 倍剂量处理各处理6 头牛分别按照0,0.2,0.6,1.0 mg/kg 体重给药,二次给药后于颈静脉采集全血和抗凝血进行血液生化和血液学检测。结果显示,所有试验牛在给药后的各项血液学及血液生化指标均在正常值范 围内各项指标变化差异不显著。各处理试验牛的心、肝、肺、肾等实质器官病理检测结果无明显异常。试验结果表 明,该新型伊维菌素纳米乳制剂对牛是安全的。     

海洋渔业生物增殖放流效果评估研究进展

增殖放流是重要的海洋渔业资源恢复措施,目前该项技术在世界各国大量开展。增殖放流效果评估是 放流工作体系的核心环节之一,根据评估结果,可以不断改进放流技术,使放流效果不断改善。从增殖效果、生态效 果、社会效果3 个方面对国内外海洋渔业生物放流效果评估的主要研究方法和成果进行论述,并对该领域未来的研 究趋势进行展望,可以为放流效果评估工作的高效开展、放流技术的改进提供参考。     

一株尼罗罗非鱼致病性嗜水气单胞菌的 分离鉴定及药敏试验

从自然感染发病的尼罗罗非鱼肝脏和脑组织中分离出1 株细菌,经革兰氏染色镜检、生化鉴定和PCR 鉴定,确定为嗜水气单胞菌,命名为GD001,进一步采用药敏纸片法测定分离菌株对多种抗生素的敏感性,并用该菌 株接种健康尼罗罗非鱼,鉴定其致病力。结果发现,GD001 菌株对恩诺沙星、头孢噻吩、四环素和克莱霉素等抗生素 敏感,对链霉素轻度敏感,对卡那霉素和青霉素不敏感。从人工感染10 g 左右的健康罗非鱼发现,GD001 菌株具有很 强的致病力,试验鱼在感染后3~4 h内全部死亡,且患病症状与自然发病症状的鱼一致。     

轮胎试验台六分力解算、标定与优化分析

轮胎试验台的力与力矩测试精度直接影响到轮胎数据的准确性,应用多体动力学理论对所研发的平板式六自由度低速轮胎试验台进行研究,分析了该试验台姿态控制的机理,推导出试验台轮胎六分力解算公式,并用abaqus有限元软件验证其准确性。然后对设计加工出的试验台进行标定,结果表明:3个方向的力吻合较好,但是力矩并不特别理想。经合理分析假设,试验台6个电缸铰支的硬点实际安装中存在空间的偏差,对其进行辨识优化分析,结果表明:优化后三方向的力及力矩与标定值吻合的精度符合要求,力的精度高于0.75%,力矩精度可达1%左右,证明了铰支安装偏差的假设是合理的,也体现出该轮胎试验台在测试精度上的优势。     

中国财政支农与农业经济发展关系实证分析

“三农”问题一直是中央政府关注和扶持的重点,财政支农资金也因此呈现逐年增长的态势.通过对1981-2012年统计数据的实证分析,得出财政支农与农业经济发展存在长期协整关系,是农业产值增加的格兰杰意义上的原因,财政支农促进了农业经济的发展;同时,影响农业经济发展的其他几个主要因素,也是农业产值增加的格兰杰原因,但其支农绩效小于财政支农.为提高财政支农对农业经济发展的促进作用,提高农业的综合生产能力,提出了相关对策建议.     

A comparison of three land-based containment systems for use in culturing green sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (Müller) (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

Worldwide, most sea‐urchin populations are in decline. Future market demands will likely be met through aquaculture, which may consist of gonad enhancement of wild‐caught sea urchins. In this context, we examined three land‐based containment systems for suitability in maintaining commercial‐size green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis). Mortality rate, gonad quantity, gonad quality (colour, brightness, firmness, texture) and cleaning efficiency associated with each containment system were the criteria for comparing the effectiveness of the systems (large raceways, small raceways and washtub tanks). After 6 weeks, urchins maintained in large raceways displayed significantly higher mortality rates than urchins maintained in either the small raceways or washtub tanks (mean±SD: 24.3±10.4%, 8.0±3.5% and 4.3±1.5% respectively). Significant differences in cleaning time were detected among the three systems with washtub tanks requiring significantly more cleaning time (0.11±0.02 min urchin^?1) than the other two systems and large raceways requiring significantly less cleaning time (0.06±0.02 min urchin^?1) than the other two systems. No significant differences in gonad characteristics were detected among the three containment systems. Because of the higher mortality rate in the large raceways and the increased cleaning time required for the washtub tanks, the small raceways were considered to be the best of the three systems tested.     

Bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) distribution in relation to sea surface temperature fronts in the Gulf of Maine (1994–96)

Fishery‐linked aerial surveys for bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) were conducted in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) from July through October, 1994–96. Each year, from 507 to 890 surface schools were detected and their locations examined in relation to oceanographic conditions. Correlations between bluefin tuna presence and environmental variables were explored for sea surface temperature (SST), distance to a SST front, frontal density (relative density of all SST fronts seen in a given 1 km area for 2 weeks prior to each tuna sighting), and bottom depth and slope. Mean SST associated with bluefin schools was 18.1°C (±2.8). Schools were located at a mean distance of 19.7 km (±19.6) from SST fronts, and in water masses with an average frontal density of 28.2 m km^?2 (±35.7). Mean bottom depth of detected schools was 139.0 m (±70.3), and mean bottom slope was 0.7% rise (±0.7). A binomial generalized linear model fit to these variables indicated that bluefin are seen closer to fronts than locations in which no tuna were seen. Using simple and partial Mantel tests, we investigated the spatial correlation between bluefin tuna presence and the environmental variables, controlling for spatial autocorrelation. For each day that schools were sighted, we performed 24 Mantel tests, on a combination of response and predictor variables. The spatial relationship between bluefin tuna and SST fronts was inconsistent. Our analysis identified significant spatial structure in the bluefin school locations that had no significant correlation with any of the measured environmental features, suggesting that other untested features, such as prey density, may be important predictors of bluefin distribution in the GOM.