工程车辆并行自适应神经网络自动换挡控制

为了解决工程车辆在重载作业时传动系统效率大幅下降的问题,以工程车辆"两参数"换挡规律为依据,提出一种并行自适应神经网络自动换挡控制的方法。结构上由神经网络控制、自适应神经网络模型、网络评价和运行监控模型组成。仿真结果表明,该控制方法提高了工程车辆液力机械传动系统效率,有效地克服了神经网络控制实时性差,难以在工程实际中应用的问题,实现了换挡控制的智能化。     

From on-farm solid-set sprinkler irrigation design to collective irrigation network design in windy areas

In this paper, a contribution to the design of collective pressurised irrigation networks in solid-set sprinkler-irrigated windy areas is presented. The methodology is based on guaranteeing minimum on-farm performance, using a historical hourly wind speed database and a ballistic solid-set irrigation simulation model. The proposed method was applied to the Montesnegros Irrigation District (central Ebro basin, Spain). The district irrigates an area of 3493 ha using an on-demand schedule. The average wind speed in the area is 2.8 m s⁻¹. An analysis of district water records showed that farmers often reduce water demand when the wind speed is high, but their irrigation decision making is limited by the capacity of the irrigation network and by the unpredictable character of local winds. Simulations were performed for 11 irrigation seasons, 2 triangular sprinkler spacings (18 m × 18 m and 18 m × 15 m), and 2 sprinkler models. The percentage of monthly suitable time for irrigation was determined for four management strategies. The first one was based on a wind speed threshold (3 m s⁻¹), while the other three were based on three levels (standard, relaxed and restrictive) of two irrigation performance parameters: the Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient (CU) and the Wind Drift and Evaporation Losses (WDEL). The standard strategy classified the time as suitable for irrigation when CU ≥ 84% and WDEL ≤ 20%. The thresholds limits of the irrigation parameters for the relaxed strategy were CU ≥ 80% and WDEL ≤ 25%. Finally, the restrictive strategy used thresholds of CU ≥ 90% and WDEL ≤ 15%. The suitable time for the first strategy (56%) was always lower than for the standard and the relaxed strategies (with respective average values of 75 and 86%), and higher than for the restrictive strategy (30%). In order to design the collective network, the hydrant operating time was equalled to the suitable time for irrigation. The differences in the cost of the collective network plus the on-farm equipment were particularly relevant between the restrictive strategy and the other three. Differences in suitable operating time were clear between sprinkler spacings, and less evident between sprinkler models. The application of the proposed methodology may be limited by the availability of historical wind speed records and CU estimates for different combinations of sprinkler models, sprinkler spacings and wind speed.     

苏南河网水污染控制系统规划优化研究

以苏南某地二级树状河网为例,在运用S-P水质模型模拟河网水质的基础上,构建了以河网污水处理费用及引水稀释费用之和最小为目标函数的水污染控制最优化模型,采用遗传算法,对各引水口的引水量及河网中各排污口的污水处理率进行优化计算,供苏南地区水系规划与管理参考。     

PLD在小水电流接地选线装置中的

根据复杂可编程逻辑器件（CPLD）的特点及其在继电保护的应用背景，探讨了CPLD在配电网单相接地故障选线装置中的设计与使用方法。应用CPLD不仅可以大大简化电路、提高装置的可靠性；而且装置逻辑功能的改变可以通过编程实现，使得装置的调试更加方便。     

萝卜丝薄层干燥试验及其数学模型的建立

萝卜丝干燥是萝卜加工的重要环节。利用薄层干燥试验台,进行萝卜丝的薄层干燥试验,探讨热风温度、风速对干燥速率的影响。结果表明,萝卜丝干燥具有典型物料干燥的升温、等速、降速3个阶段,热风温度对干燥速率的影响比风速对干燥速率的影响显著。用BP神经网络建立萝卜丝干燥的数学模型,并与Page模型的模拟结果进行对比。结果表明,用BP神经网络预测的含水率比精度明显高于Page模型。     

引入因素分析法的神经网络在洪水

因素分析法是一种多元统计法，可以通过线性变换，将原有数据转换成彼此不相关且维数较少的数据，本文将因素分析法引入洪水预报神经网络的输入单元精简过程，详细介绍了建模和神经网络训练过程中包括STA训练控制在内的一些关键技术问题，并通过实例评价了此应用方法的效果，通过分析，表明此方法可以在不损失或较小损失的前提下方便有效的对洪水预报神经网络结构进行精简，大大缩减了神经网络的规模，提高了效率，具有很高的实用价值。     

离心输油泵故障诊断专家系统的研究与实现

提出了一种新的对基本神经网络进行组合的思路，将基本神经网络分层联接，每一层对应对象的某一属性，并根据属性分类。以这一思路为指导，组建了BP网络与竞争网络组织相结合的神经网络，并以此为核心，搭建了离心输油泵故障诊断专家系统的框架。     

神经网络在农业专家系统中的应用

介绍了专家系统的特点及农业专家系统的发展现状;提出了将神经网络理论应用于农业专家系统的设计方法,并分析了其优点;论述了基于神经网络的农业专家系统的结构、知识表示与获取、推理机制等;结合具体实例,给出了神经网络学习方法及专家系统运行过程。     

温室节点低能耗型无线传感网络构建方法

结合温室测控系统特点,构建无线传感网络空间结构和时序,以达到降低和均衡节点能耗,延长温室无线传感网络生命周期的目的.在网络空间结构上,以温室上部能量充裕的可移动汇聚节点为枢纽,与能量有限的子节点动态地构成星形无线网络;在网络时序上,使子节点只在连接时段通信,其余时间休眠.通过对子节点最大通信半径和汇聚节点最小通信半径的分析,解决了网络的连通问题.     

ANP方法在都市型农业评价指标体系中的应用

都市型农业立足于生产、生活、生态的结合,强调城乡同步发展,强调经济、生态、社会统筹发展。在综述国内外都市型农业研究的基础上,采用网络分析法(ANP)建立都市型农业评价指标体系,讨论了应用ANP方法求解问题的理论基础,分析了指标间的依存和反馈关系,并用SD软件对指标体系的ANP模型进行了快速求解。