投影寻踪回归（PPR）技术在日光温室黄瓜光合速率分析中的应用

本研究采用ＰＰＲ技术，对温室条件下连续观测的与黄瓜光合速率有关的１２个因子、上百组数据进行了分析。结果表明：各时期影响光合速率的主要因子为温度、二氧化碳和水分。深冬期晴天１３∶００～１５∶００时的计算机模拟分析显示：保持室内ＣＯ２浓度４．６×１０－４～５．０×１０－４，温度２０～２５℃，光合速率可达３０～３２μｍｏｌ·ｍ－２·ｓ－１，为模拟试验的优化区     

平面激光诱导荧光法测量射流混药浓度场研究

为了验证平面激光诱导荧光(planar laser induced fluorescence,PLIF)方法测量射流混药浓度场的可行性,该文在考察射流混药浓度场随压力变化特性基础上,开展基于PLIF的射流混药浓度场测量试验。研制了射流混药装置及辅助测量装置。配制6种不同浓度的罗丹明6G均匀混合液进行浓度标定,采用平滑滤波消除测量噪声影响。对比总体灰度值标定和分栅格标定2种方法的标定效果,结果表明:采用分栅格标定可以获得较平均的分区域浓度,在标定浓度为1.000 mg/L时,分栅格标定的最大最小平均值之差仅为总体标定的25.22%。开展3种吸入浓度、进水口压力0.1~0.6 MPa时的浓度场测量试验,结果表明:总体上混合管末端变异系数偏大,靠近管壁的变异系数偏大;在压力0.1和0.2MPa时,在测量区域末端的混合液浓度偏大,变异系数较大,混合均匀性较差。该文试验结果表明PLIF方法可用于射流混药浓度场测量,试验方法和结果可为其他液液混合浓度场测量提供参考。     

投影寻踪回归模型在大豆食心虫虫食率预测中的应用

大豆食心虫的虫食率受越冬基数、气象条件等多种因素的影响,是一个复杂的非线性非正态系统,文章采用投影寻踪回归新技术,建立了大豆食心虫虫食率的预测模型,对历史值的拟合和对预留值的预测效果均令人满意,可以作为大豆虫害预测的一种新手段。     

Visualization of the FEM Analysis Data of 3D on the Cut Plane

The colored patterns on arbitrary cut plane is an important method in 3D data-field visualization of finite element.By using the technology of the Object-Oriented Programming and the method of scan-line,the colored patterns on arbitrary cut plane are given.The example by the OPENGL of Visual C++ R6 can support the theory satisfactorily.     

A Globally Convergent Algorithm for Nonlinear Programming

A new globally convergent algorithm was presented for a continuous differen-tiable nonlinear programming by defining a measure function deviating from the Kuhn-Tucker point. With this algorithm which can be used to get the optimum solution of the problem,the optimal lagrangian multiplier corresponding the optimal solution of the problem was also obtained. A new iterative algorithm for quadratic programming is obtained when applying the general algorithm to quadratic programming. Finally,a numerical example was given.     

闸门的优化设计

用平面体系的方法进行结构分析，对排灌机械中平面钢闸门的面板－梁格体系的优化设计进行了探讨，用边界搜索法将有约束优化问题转换为无约束优化问题，给出了优化设计程序框图进行实例理论验证，结果表明，彩本文介绍的优化方法设计，闸门的叶体积可减小２０％左右。     

Evaluation on the fitness and population projection of Nilaparvata lugens in response to elevated CO2 using two-sex life table

Abstract

The life history and fitness of Nilaparvata lugens being reared under ambient level (current CO₂ concentration), medially elevated (550?µL/L) and highly elevated (750?µL/L) CO₂ concentration for long-term generation were compared using two-sex life table instead of traditional age-specific life table. The results showed that significantly longer larval duration and lower fecundity of N. lugens were observed in 750?µL/L relative to 550?µL/L treatment (P?<?0.05). Accordingly, 550?µL/L CO₂ significantly enhanced population parameters of N. lugens, including significantly higher intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate (λ) and net reproductive rate (R_O), but not for 750?µL/L CO₂. Taken together, N. lugens performs enhanced development rate, fecundity and survival in individual life history and higher potential in population multiplication under 550?µL/L CO₂ level, while only indicates the less enhanced development rate and survival without significant increased capacity of population expansion under 750?µL/L CO₂ level. These results should facilitate predicting the fitness and potential population damage of N. lugens, which is valuable for the integrated control of N. lugens in the future increasing CO₂ concentration.     

基于改进Hough变换的农田作物行快速检测算法

选取苗期农田作为研究对象,采集了包含行栽作物和土壤背景的农田图像,针对现有作物行定位方法易受外界干扰和处理速度较慢的不足,提出将投影法和直接Hough变换法相结合检测作物行的算法.采用2G-R-B 法和OTSU法将图像二值化,通过快速中值滤波算法去除噪声,再利用垂直直方图投影将图像进行水平条划分获取作物垄平均定位点,最后通过Hough变换检测垄定位点,得到作物行中心线.试验结果表明:基于垂直直方图投影的Hough变换检测作物行中心线的算法在保证高定位精度的同时,算法处理速度比直接Hough变换检测法提高了3倍,得到的定位基准线能代表作物行走向.     

基于图像旋转投影的导航路径检测算

提出一种农业车辆视觉导航路径识别算法--旋转投影算法.该算法通过角度枚举对图像ROI实施旋转变换,由旋转后图像的列均值与枚举角度构成旋转投影矩阵R,对其行向量实施差分运算得到差分旋转投影矩阵Rd,由Rd的极值可确定图像导航路径,即航向偏差θ与航位偏差d,进而可以求得世界坐标系下的导航路径参数.同理可以对田头线进行检测.为了提高算法的实时性,提出设定合理的ROI、实施线性压缩、旋转角度先粗分再细分的二步法以及充分利用前帧信息4种处理方法,使处理一帧用时6.2ms左右.通过对不同条件下成熟小麦图像测试表明,该算法识别导航路径准确率达到95%.