Complete Mitochondrial DNA D-Loop Sequence and Genetic Diversity of Wuzhishan Pig

In order to research the genetic diversity and phylogenies of Wuzhishan pig, 56 complete mtDNA D-Loop were analyzed.55 sequences were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 1 sequence was downloaded from GenBank.The results showed that repetitive sequence "TTATAAAACAC" appeared in the conservative regions of 21 mtDNA D-Loop sequences.13 haplotypes and 14 variable sites were observed in 56 sequences.Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity (Hd =0.838 and Pi=0.00334) indicated that Wuzhishan pig had high genetic diversity.Two branches in the phylogenetic tree and Network analysis diagram indicated that there were two maternal origins in Wuzhishan pig.The phylogenetic tree of Wuzhishan pig and other 23 species showed that Wuzhishan pig had close genetic relationship with the pig breeds in the south region of the Yangtze river.     

黄曲霉毒素生物合成及代谢转换的研究进展

黄曲霉毒素(Aflatoxins,AFs)是真菌产生的有机代谢产物,具有强烈的生物毒性,广泛存在于饲料原料和各类饲料之中。本文综述了AFs的产生条件、合成途径以及AFB1在动物体内的代谢转化,旨为黄曲霉毒素的防控和动物健康养殖提供参考。     

腾冲红花油茶优良单株选择

2012~2014年,根据相关选优标准,以冠幅、树高、地径、结果量和叶形等为指标,经过初选、复选、决选,选出腾冲花红油茶优良单株17株,其种子油不饱和脂肪酸和亚油酸含量达90%及8%的较高水平。对各单株、树高、地径、冠幅、果重等性状指标进行了阐述。     

基于亚像元分解与增强的MODIS卫星林火监测图像制作

为提高低空间分辨率遥感影像在卫星林火监测部门的应用质量,获取更准确的火灾信息,制作可视效果更好、便于基层部门使用的卫星林火监测图像。本研究以2013年2月6日云南省大理市黄家村森林火灾为背景,研究了一种基于亚像元分解与增强技术的卫星林火监测图像制作技术。结果表明,通过亚像元分解与增强技术,对空间分辨率低的气象卫星遥感图像进行处理,可得到空间分辨率为30 m的图像产品,能够将低分辨率遥感影像处理成超分辨率的遥感影像图像。该技术可应用于林火监测部门发布相关的监测图像。     

基于改进YOLO v4的生猪耳根温度热红外视频检测方法

基于热红外视频的生猪体温检测过程中,视频中保育期生猪头部姿态变化大,且耳根区域小,导致头部和耳根区域定位精度低,影响生猪耳根温度的精准检测。针对以上问题,本文提出了一种基于改进YOLO v4(Mish Dense YOLO v4,MD-YOLO v4)的生猪耳根温度检测方法,构建了生猪关键部位检测模型。首先,在CSPDarknet-53主干网络中,添加密集连接块,以优化特征转移和重用,并将空间金字塔池化(Spatial pyramid pooling, SPP)模块集成到主干网络,进一步增加主干网络感受野;其次,在颈部引入改进的路径聚合网络(Path aggregation network, PANet),缩短多尺度特征金字塔图的高、低融合路径;最后,网络的主干和颈部使用Mish激活函数,进一步提升该方法的检测精度。试验结果表明,该模型对生猪关键部位检测的mAP为95.71%,分别比YOLO v5和YOLO v4高5.39个百分点和6.43个百分点,检测速度为60.21 f/s,可满足实时检测的需求;本文方法对热红外视频中生猪左、右耳根温度提取的平均绝对误差分别为0.26℃和0.21℃...     

基于改进YOLOX的群养生猪轻量化目标检测方法

针对目前群养生猪智能化养殖中复杂环境下猪只目标检测精度低的问题,提出了一种基于改进YOLOX的群养生猪轻量化目标检测模型Ghost-YOLOX-BiFPN。该模型采用Ghost卷积替换普通卷积,在减少主干网络参数的情况下,提高了模型的特征提取能力。使用加入CBAM注意力机制的BiFPN作为模型的Neck部分,使得模型充分融合不同体型猪只的特征图,并使用Focal Loss损失函数解决猪圈环境下猪只与背景难以区分的问题,增强模型对正样本的学习。实验结果表明,改进后模型对群养生猪检测精度为95.80%,相比于原始YOLOX算法,检测精度提升2.84个百分点,参数量降低63%。最后将本文轻量化模型部署到Nvidia Jetson Nano移动端开发板,通过在开发板上实际运行表明,本文所提模型实现了对不同大小、不同品种猪只的准确识别,为后续智能化生猪养殖提供支持。     

影响藏猪与大约克夏猪肌肉品质的lncRNA的筛选及功能分析

旨在分析藏猪和大约克夏猪(180日龄)背最长肌组织中与猪肉质性状相关的长链非编码RNA (lncRNAs)和基因,探讨lncRNAs在猪肉品质中的分子调控作用,为猪肉质性状的改良提供理论依据.本研究根据先前公布的数据,以饲养在相同条件下的180日龄健康藏公猪(n-3)和大约克夏公猪(n-3)为研究对象,收集背最长肌肉品...     

Phosphine resistance, respiration rate and fitness consequences in stored-product insects

Resistance to fumigants has been frequently reported in insect pests of stored products and is one of the obstacles in controlling these pests. The authors studied phosphine resistance and its physiological basis in adult insects of 12 populations of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae), ten populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae) and eight populations of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Silvanidae) from Brazil, and the possible existence of fitness costs associated with phosphine resistance in the absence of this fumigant. The bioassays for the detection of phosphine resistance followed the FAO standard method. The production of carbon dioxide and the instantaneous rate of population increase (r(i)) of each population of each species were correlated with their resistance ratios at the LC(50). The resistance ratio at LC(50) in T. castaneum ranged from 1.0- to 186.2-fold, in R. dominica from 2.0- to 71.0-fold and in O. surinamensis from 1.9- to 32.2-fold. Ten populations of T. castaneum, nine populations of R. dominica and seven populations of O. surinamensis were resistant to phosphine. In all three species there was significant association (P < 0.05) between respiration rate and phosphine resistance. The populations with lower carbon dioxide production showed a higher resistance ratio, suggesting that the lower respiration rate is the physiological basis of phosphine resistance by reducing the fumigant uptake in the resistant insects. Conversely, populations with higher r(i) showed lower resistance ratios, which could indicate a lower rate of reproduction of the resistant populations compared with susceptible populations. Thus, management strategies based on the interruption of phosphine fumigation may result in reestablishment of susceptibility, and shows good potential for more effective management of phosphine-resistant populations.     

夏大豆干物质生产、光合生理特性对群体调控的反应

试验设置12.75万、15.75万、18.75万、21.75万、24.75万株/hm~2 5个群体密度,研究了夏大豆干物质生产、光合生理特性对群体调控的反应。结果表明同一生育时期随群体密度的增加单株干物质积累量、各器官分配比重、叶绿素相对含量、产量性状呈下降趋势,叶面积指数随着生育进程的推进呈现先增加后降低的单峰抛物线变化趋势,鼓粒期达到峰值后开始下降。在12.75万～24.75万株/hm~2群体密度范围内,产量随群体密度的增加呈现先增加后降低趋势,18.75万株/hm~2产量最高达3 029.58 kg/hm~2。