辣椒CaROPGEF1 cDNA的分离及其结构和表达的初步分析

ROP是植物特有的一类Rho相关GTPases,在植物体内通过GTP结合形式与GDP结合形式的切换而对生长发育和适应环境起调节作用.由GTP结合形式向GDP结合形式的转换主要依赖于鸟苷酸交换因子(guanine nucleotide exchangefactor,GEF).本文以锁定于GDP结合形式的辣椒DN-CaROP1突变体为诱饵,采用ProQuestTM酵母双杂交体系,从辣椒幼苗cDNA文库中分离了辣椒GEF阳性克隆,其推导的氨基酸序列与其他植物中发现的GEF具有较高的同源性,并含典型的植物ROPGEF保守域DUF315及N端与C端的高度变化域,将之命名为CaROPGEF1;RT-PCR分析表明,CaROPGEF1在辣椒多种组织中均有表达;进一步酵母双杂交分析表明,CaROPGEF1可与GDP结合态的ROP结合,而不能与GTP结合态的ROP结合.上述结果暗示CaROPGEF1调节的ROP从DN态向CA态的转化在辣椒植株中频繁发生,可能参与辣椒ROP介导的生长、发育和对环境适应的调控.     

辣椒新品种豫美人的选育

豫美人是以X-01-7-2-2 为母本，X-08-3-4-1-1 为父本配制而成的中早熟辣椒一代杂种。植株生长势强，抗逆性
强；第1 花平均着生节位为第10.6 节；青熟果黄绿色，老熟果鲜红色，味辣，商品性好；果实线形，纵径22.0 cm，横径1.5
cm，单果质量15～20 g；辣椒素含量53.60 mg·kg^-1，VC 含量895 mg·kg^-1。对病毒病、疫病的抗性高于对照湘辣4 号，每
667 m² 产量3 000～4 000 kg，适宜在河南省及周边地区春秋保护地和露地栽培。     

Evaluation of powdered fruits of four peppers (Capsicum spp.) for the control of Callosobruchus maculatus (F) on stored cowpea seed

Abstract

The efficacy of two application rates of powdered fruits of four types of peppers (Capsicum spp.) was evaluated for the control of Callosobruchus maculatus (F). The various pepper powders at 2.5 g‐5.0 g per 250 g of seed were effective in reducing oviposition and damage to cowpea seeds. The pepper type Capsicum frutescens var. yarmunchi was the most effective in discouraging oviposition and minimizing damage to the seed, as indicated by the significantly lower number of emergence holes. The seed quality and viability were not affected by the powdered pepper fruit treatment. The result is indicative of the potential for the use of powdered fruits of some peppertypes in protecting stored cowpea seeds against C. maculatus.     

辣椒新品种辣优15号的选育

辣优15号是以优良自交系073号椒为母本、30号椒为父本配制而成的辣味型一代杂种。熟性早,每667m2平均总产量为2128.70kg,比对照辣优4号平均总产量增产22.67%;每667m2平均前期产量为749.16kg,比对照平均前期产量增产14.39%。青果绿色,果实长牛角形,果面光滑,感观品质鉴定为优,抗病性鉴定结果为中抗青枯病,抗疫病。田间表现耐热性、耐寒性、耐涝性和耐旱性强。在广州、茂名、广西等地累计推广种植面积达1000hm2以上。     

福州地区大棚迅驰辣椒栽培技术

介绍迅驰辣椒特征特性,总结其大棚栽培技术,主要包括育苗、定植、坐果期管理、病虫害防治等方面内容。     

辣椒新品种国福308的选育

国福308是以优良辣椒自交系Sy05-36为母本、Sy05-55为父本配制而成的杂交一代保护地专用品种。中早熟,始花节位9~10节,果实长牛角形,果基有皱,青熟果淡绿色,成熟时果红色,果实纵径26.0~28.0 cm,横径6.0 cm左右,果肉厚0.35 cm,单果质量100~150 g。辣味中,口感好,耐贮运,商品性好,耐低温能力较强。抗TMV和青枯病,中抗CMV。主要适于华北、西北及东北地区保护地种植。     

2014年云南番茄、辣椒上番茄斑萎病毒属病毒与传毒蓟马的发生特点

[目的]了解云南地区番茄、辣椒上番茄斑萎病毒属病毒(Tospoviruses)与传毒蓟马的发生特点,为有效监测与防控Tospoviruses引起的斑萎病及传毒蓟马的发生流行提供理论指导和技术支撑.[方法]采用定点调查法,对云南Tospoviruses常发重灾区泸西和晋宁地区番茄、辣椒上的Tospoviruses及传毒蓟马的发生特点进行调查.[结果]2014年,泸西番茄、辣椒上斑萎病发病率和传毒蓟马种群数量均于7月7日达最高值,分别为16％、66％和1418、822头/100株.晋宁地区番茄、辣椒斑萎病发病较重,7月12日发病率达最高,分别为76％和80％,番茄上传毒蓟马种群数量在6月21日达最高峰,百株虫量为896头,辣椒在7月12日达最高峰,百株虫量为696头.经室内ELISA及分子检测,Tospoviruses种类鉴定为TSWV、TZSV;传毒蓟马种类鉴定为西花蓟马、花蓟马及棕榈蓟马,西花蓟马为绝对优势种.[结论]2014年云南泸西、晋宁等地番茄、辣椒上Tospoviruses引起的斑萎病及传毒蓟马危害严重,选择抗性品种是有效控制Tospoviruses发生流行的方法之一.针对Tospoviruses及传毒蓟马的发生特点,合理采用农业、生物、物理、化学防治等综合技术措施,才能保证蔬菜产业的健康发展.     

Study on Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Pepper with Barnase and Cre Gene

This study was designed to control plant fertility by cell lethal gene Barnase expressing at specific developmental stage and in specific tissue of male organ under the control of Cre/lox system, for heterosis breeding of chili pepper （Capsicum annuum L.）. Chili pepper inbred lines （A, D, E, and I） were transformed with Cre gene and Barnase gene situated between loxp, separately, by means of Agrobacterium co-culture. In this study, we had established a high transformation system by extensive study of affecting factors including genotype, selection of marker, and lethal dose. Cotyledon with petiole from 9-11-day-old seeding was pre-cultured on media MR[MB（MS mineral＋vitamine B5）＋BA（6-Benzyladenine） 5.0 mg·L^-1 ＋IAA（indoleacetic acid） 1.0 mg·L^-1＋GA3（gibberellic acid） 1.0mg·L^-1＋sucrose 3%＋agar 6.5g·L^-1] for 2d. The explants were infected by Agrobacterium tumefaciens when their OD600（optical density at 600 nm）reached 0.6-0.9. After co-cultured for 4-5 d on media MC [MB＋BA5.0 mg·L^-1＋IAA 1.0 mg·L^-1 ＋GA3 1.0 mg·L^-1＋sucrose 3% ＋agar 6.5 g·L^-1＋AS （acetosyringone） 200μmol·L^-1, these cotyledons with petiole were cultured on selective differentiation medium in the media MT[MB medium supplemented with BA [5.0 mg·L^-1＋ IAA 1.0 mg·L^-1＋ GA3 1.0 mg·L^-1＋ AgNO3 5.0 mg·L^-1＋ CW （coconut water） 5% ＋ Km （kanamycin） 65 mg·L^-1＋ Cb （carbenicillin） 500 mg·L^-1＋ 3% sucrose ＋ agar 6.5 g·L^-1].The Kmr （kanamycin resistant） bud rosettes were elongated on selective elongation medium and rooted on rooting medium. PCR and Southern blotting analysis of Kmr plantlet indicated that the foreign genes had been integrated into the genome of pepper. The transgenic plants with Cre gene developed well, blossomed out, and set fruit normally. The transgenic plants with Barnase gene grew well with normal appearance of flower, but they showed different fertility from complete sterility, partial sterility to complete fertility, and similar results were obtained from in vitro pollen germination experiments.