适应网络课堂的教学方法研究——以“食品营养学”课程为例

随着教育信息化和新冠疫情的常态化防控,网络课堂已经成为了教学的重要组成部分。针对目前网络教学过程中存在的学习氛围缺乏、互动交流性差和学习效率低等问题,以"食品营养学"课程为例,从教学材料准备、教学活动组织和互动交流方式改进等方面进行探讨,以期为互联网时代的教学活动起到促进作用。     

Recognition of big mammal species in airborne thermal imaging based on YOLO V5 algorithm

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, artificial intelligence, and the relevant hardware can be used for monitoring wild animals. However, existing methods have several limitations. Therefore, this study explored the monitoring and protection of Amur tigers and their main prey species using images from UAVs by optimizing the algorithm models with respect to accuracy, model size, recognition speed, and elimination of environmental interference. Thermal imaging data were collected from 2000 pictures with a thermal imaging lens on a DJI M300RTK UAV at the Hanma National Nature Reserve in the Greater Khingan Mountains in Inner Mongolia, Wangqing National Nature Reserve in Jilin Province, and Siberian Tiger Park in Heilongjiang Province. The YOLO V5s algorithm was applied to recognize the animals in the pictures. The accuracy rate was 94.1%, and the size of the model weight (total weight of each model layer trained with the training set) was 14.8 MB. The authors improved the structures and parameters of the YOLO V5s algorithm. As a result, the recognition accuracy rate became 96%, and the model weight was 9.3 MB. The accuracy rate increased by 1.9%, the model weight decreased by 37.2% from 14.8 MB to 9.3 MB, and the recognition time of a single picture was shortened by 34.4% from 0.032 to 0.021 s. This not only increases the recognition accuracy but also effectively lowers the hardware requirements that the algorithm relies on, which provides a lightweight fast recognition method for UAV-based edge computing and online investigation of wild animals.     

“烟草仪器分析”线上教学实践与探索

2020年以来全国各个高校积极开展线上教学。如何做好线上教学且达到与线下教学同质同效是每个教学工作者需要思考的问题。以"烟草仪器分析"为例,从线上授课前中后3个方面阐述线上教学设计的整个过程。从该课程实践中得出,授课前要选好平台,授课中要做好思政教育和师生互动,授课后要做到有效监督。以上线上教学方法获得较好的教学效果。今后将从线上线下混合式教学和视频制作模式2个方面持续改进教学效果。     

数字经济、产业链重构与居民消费升级

以消费升级为研究重点探讨数字经济时代居民消费行为转变,同时构建数字经济发展影响居民消费的理论分析框架,并运用多种方法分析数字经济对居民消费升级的影响效应和作用机制。结果显示:总体上,数字经济的发展能促进居民消费总量扩大和消费结构提升进而实现消费升级;具体来看,居民消费升级通过数字化技术实现对现有产业链的优化升级,数字经济通过产业结构高级化和产业结构合理化两条路径推动居民消费升级。政府应该重视数字化技术对现有产业结构的升级优化作用,同时依靠乡村振兴计划扩大国内消费市场,发挥消费对经济的拉动作用。