平面问题与薄板弯曲问题统一性教授方法的探讨

有限元法包括平面弹性问题、薄板弯曲问题等，为使学生更好的掌握有限元基础知识，在教学实践中讲授平面问题与薄板弯曲问题统一性，收到了较好的教学效果。     

茶多酚抑菌作用的研究

以食品行业常见细菌和真菌为研究对象,采用平板稀释法和滤纸片法测定了茶多酚对一些细菌和真菌的抑菌活性。结果表明:茶多酚对供试细菌有较强的抑菌活性,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、奇异变形杆菌、肺炎链球菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC100)均为0.9μg/mL,而对铜绿假单胞杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC100)为1.3μg/mL;而茶多酚对供试的黄曲霉、点青霉和黑根霉均无明显的抑菌作用。     

3种荧光标记根瘤菌数量测定方法比较

试验以绿色荧光蛋白标记的中华苜蓿根瘤菌菌株Sm1021为试验材料,将平板涂布法、膜过滤法、流式细胞术3种微生物计数方法测得结果进行对比,以平板涂布法为基准,观察膜过滤法与流式细胞术的准确性。结果表明:利用膜过滤法测定根瘤菌数量可获得与平板涂布法相近的结果,但在操作层面上具有一定制约,且测定成本较高,只有在某些特定情况下具有应用优势;流式细胞术测定的结果与平板涂布法所得结果间存在显著的差异,但由于菌类的数量基数较大,可进行粗略的统计估算。此外,当菌液中菌量较大时,流式细胞术的准确性增加(P=0.495)。     

基于图像纹理的板材纹理模拟再现方法研究

纹理是木材的重要特征,模拟纹理具有极高的工业价值。对视频采集到的板材纹理图像进行灰度化、中值滤波去噪、二值化、腐蚀、膨胀等处理,得到仅包含目标纹理的图像后检测纹理边缘。对板材纹理横断面通过数学描述结果进行模拟,切面通过在图像上选择合适的边缘点进行模拟,以实现板材纹理的模拟再现,并以水曲柳为例分析模拟纹理。     

Minimally‐invasive plate osteosynthesis of a Salter‐Harris type 2 fracture of the proximal phalanx in a filly

A 7‐month‐old Warmblood filly was referred to the equine hospital because of a Salter‐Harris type 2 fracture of the proximal physis of the right hind P1. On admission, the filly had acute grade 3/5 lameness at the walk and diffuse swelling in the area of the right hind proximal phalanx. Radiographs were taken to assess the fracture and plan treatment. Surgical treatment using two 4.5 mm narrow locking compression plates (PIP‐LCPs) resulted in fracture stabilisation and rapid healing. This case report suggests that internal fixation using PIP‐LCPs is useful for the treatment of Salter‐Harris type 2 fractures of the proximal physis of P1 in large foals.     

玉米水平圆盘精密排种器排种性能试验研究

为了改善玉米水平圆盘精密排种器的排种性能，找出影响其排种性能的关键因素，按照GB6973-86《单粒(精密)播种机试验方法》中排种性能指标的计算方法，应用Lab Windows CVI软件编制的排种性能指标统计计算程序，计算各性能指标值；在自制的排种器试验台和多功能性能检测装置上，通过改变排种动盘不同的结构参数、转速、推刮种器型式和品种等因素，对其排种性能进行了对比试验。试验得出选择型孔数量为28、型孔型式为开槽小倒角和推刮种器选择滚珠式、转速取17 r/min，农大108选取动盘厚度为6 mm时，对应的合格指数A、重播指数D和漏播指数M分别为90.71、8.58和0.71，而唐玉十号选取动盘厚度为5 mm时，对应的合格指数A、重播指数D和漏播指数M分别为91.52、6.56和1.92，各性能指标均达到国标精密播种的要求。排种性能试验结果表明，提高水平圆盘精密排种器性能的途径和措施是保证动盘厚度、型孔型式、型孔数量和种子几何尺寸的合理匹配，且选择滚珠式推刮种器，能够达到高的性能指标。     

单板源动态辐照的剂量不均匀度及射线利用率

本文报道了单板源动态辐照运行中剂量场水平分布和垂直分布以及产品箱内吸收剂量的分布情况。结果表明 :单板源剂量场任一水平面上 ,离开源面的距离与剂量间的关系符合y =AeBx变化规律 ;任一立面上离开源棒中心的距离与剂量间的关系符合y=a +bx变化规律。采用动态步进式辐照脱水香菜 ,其产品箱内吸收剂量不均匀度仅 1 47,射线利用率可达 2 1 6%。     

Universality of a surface tension—contact‐angle relation for hydrophobic soils of different texture

Wettability of soil affects a wide variety of processes in soils like infiltration, percolation, preferential flow, and surface runoff. Even though efforts have been made to determine contact angles and surface tension or energy of smooth surfaces, the determination on granular materials like soil particles remains unsolved. One objective of this study was to test the consistency of contact angles (CA) measured with the newly modified and easy‐to‐apply Wilhelmy plate method by using solid particles and liquids with defined variations of surface tension. A second objective was to derive basic physical surface properties for the irregularly shaped and chemically heterogeneous soil particles. Advancing contact angles were determined by using model soils varying in texture from clay to coarse sand to check the impact of grain size on the CA measurements. Varying the solid‐surface tension with dichlorodimethlylsilane treatments provided for pure‐water wetting stages ranging from wettable to extremely hydrophobic. The surface tensions of the liquids were varied from 72 mN m^–1 to 25 mN m^–1 by using water or water‐ethanol mixtures. The surface tensions of the model soils were determined with the zero degree–contact angle method following Zisman's critical–surface tension concept. Results show that the measured CA varied continuously with the variations of the surface tension of the liquid and the solid phase, respectively. A general interpretation of the results is possible by using the concept of the Equation of State Approach.     

采用条播种机械插秧实现水稻精插技术

主要介绍机械化插秧实现每穴2～4株平均3株精插所采取的技术措施。该技术利用2BSP—500A型水稻播种机的全套设备,增加了新的工作部件并进行了新的组合,构成能满足精密插秧的农艺要求。对新研制的工作部件进行了理论分析及主要参数确定。经测试条播和插秧性能表明,可以满足农艺要求。     

代谢互补抑制剂碘乙酰胺和罗丹明对3种豆科牧草原生质体活力和再长的影响

研究了不同浓度代谢互补抑制剂碘乙酰胺(IOA)和罗丹明6G(R-6G)处理与里奥百脉根(Lotuscorniculatus L.cv.Leon)、扁蓿豆(Melilotoides ruthenica(L.)Sojak)及清水紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.cv.Qingshui)3种豆科牧草愈伤组织原生质体活力和再生力之间的相关性。结果表明,3～10mmol/L的IOA和40～70μg/ml的R-6G分别处理10min,可使3种豆科牧草原生质体的活力及植板率明显下降,各处理浓度与原生质体活力和植板率之间均存在极显著的负相关(p<0.01)。培养第7天,所有处理均可见再生的小细胞团;培养30～40d,抑制剂临界浓度下原生质体丧失形成愈伤组织的能力。IOA对原生质活力的抑制作用更明显,R-6G对植板率的影响更显著,并可使原生质体发出红色荧光,有利于细胞融合时亲本原生质体的标识。适宜3种豆科牧草的抑制剂及临界浓度分别是:百脉根5mmol/L IOA或50μg/ml R-6G;扁蓿豆7mmol/L IOA或70μg/ml R-6G;清水紫花苜蓿3mmol/L IOA或40μg/mL R-6G。