Leukemic small cell lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a horse

A 16‐year‐old, Irish Draft mare was admitted to the referring veterinarian for an annual health check. A mild generalized lymphadenomegaly was noted. Rectal palpation and transrectal ultrasonographic examination revealed prominent mesenteric lymph nodes. A transcutaneous abdominal ultrasonographic evaluation was unremarkable. A CBC revealed a marked leukocytosis (63.06 × 10³/μL) and lymphocytosis (58.2 × 10³/μL) due to increased numbers of small lymphocytes. No evidence of anemia or thrombocytopenia was found and neutrophil counts were low‐normal. Cytologic examination of fine‐needle aspirates of multiple lymph nodes and a bone‐marrow aspirate revealed the presence of a monomorphic population of small lymphocytes similar to those observed in the peripheral blood, suggesting a leukemic small cell lymphoma (SCL) or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). As the lymphadenomegaly and peripheral blood lymphocytosis were present simultaneously, the distinction between these 2 conditions was not possible. Immunophenotyping by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry of the lymphoid cells in peripheral blood determined a T‐cell phenotype. As the horse was clinically stable, no treatment was initiated, but regular examinations were undertaken. A CBC repeated 120 days after the diagnosis showed a marked lymphocytosis (157.6 × 10³/μL) with no evidence of anemia or other cytopenias. The horse was euthanized 194 days after the initial diagnosis. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of submandibular lymph nodes and bone marrow confirmed the diagnosis of leukemic SCL or CLL, and a T‐cell phenotype. SCL and CLL are rare in horses; previous immunohistochemical studies determined that the T‐cell phenotype is predominant. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the combined use of immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry in a horse with leukemic SCL or CLL.     

Herbage intake,milk production and sward utilization of dairy cows grazing grass/white clover swards at low,medium and high allowances

Abstract

Herbage intake (HI), milk production and sward utilization of Norwegian Red Cattle dairy cows in mid-lactation, rotationally grazing grass/white clover swards at low, medium and high allowances (HA), were examined in three experiments (I, II and III). The daily target allowances per cow were 18 and 36 kg DM in Experiment I and 12, 18, and 24 kg DM in Experiments II and III. The cows were grazing in groups of seven (Experiments II and III) to ten (I) individuals. The proportions of white clover in the swards averaged 12%, 40% and 46% in Experiments I, II and III, respectively. In addition to pasture, the cows were fed concentrate mixtures in varying amounts (0–6.8 kg) with the highest amounts offered to the highest yielding cows. HI was estimated using the n-alkane technique. No effect of HA on HI was obtained in Experiment I. In Experiment II, and for II and III combined, there was a significant positive effect of HA on HI. The average increase in HI was 0.24 kg DM per extra kg DM on offer. The utilization of the sward (measured at 3 cm above ground level) decreased from 72% at the lowest HA to 51% at the highest HA in Experiment II and III. HA did not affect milk yield or milk composition significantly (P>0.05).     

天津地区表流人工湿地冬季运行工艺研究

[目的]研究天津地区表流人工湿地冬季运行工艺。[方法]针对天津的气候特点,以冰下运行的方式,开展天津地区表流湿地冬季运行试验,研究自由表面流人工湿地北方冬季运行工艺参数。[结果]虽然水质净化效果差于其他温暖季节(平均降低约20%),但是在天津地区表流湿地采取冰下运行的方式是可行的。北方表流人工湿地冬季冰下运行时应将出水口地势降低,防止出水口被完全冰冻,运行水深不宜50～60 cm,可以在回流的基础上适当加大水力负荷(水力停留时间以4 d为宜),以维持水土界面不会冻结,并尽可能加大取水深度,以提高系统水温。[结论]该研究可为表流人工湿地在我国北方的推广应用提供借鉴。     

复合人工湿地对新农村生活污水的净化效果

[目的]研究复合人工湿地对新农村生活污水的净化效果。[方法]通过建设复合垂直流-水平潜流人工湿地系统,研究其对接收新农村生活污水及雨污的池塘废水的净化效果。[结果]在春、夏、秋三季,复合人工湿地系统对废水均有较好的去除效果,且去除效果稳定。在整个运行期内,复合人工湿地系统对CODCr、TP、TN、NH4+-N的平均去除率分别达到64.71%、64.81%、40.21%、54.26%以上,且出水平均浓度均达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)III类水质标准。复合人工湿地系统的二级湿地单元出水水质明显优于一级湿地单元,但第一级的处理效果高于第二级。[结论]该研究可为新农村生活污水治理提供参考依据。     

空气能热泵烤房与传统密集烤房烟叶烘烤成本及质量对比研究

[目的]寻找一种更安全、环保、节能的烤烟烘烤方法.[方法]研究分析空气能热泵烤房和传统密集烤房进行烟叶烘烤的烟叶烘烤成本及烤后烟叶质量.[结果]试验表明,在烟叶部位和含水量相似的情况下,空气能热泵烤房烘烤的烟叶可节省烘烤成本0.40元/kg以上;空气能热泵烤房烘烤的烟叶烤后烟叶外观质量优于燃煤方式烘烤的烟叶;空气能烤房不会产生废气、废渣,避免了环境污染.[结论]利用空气能热泵烤房进行烟叶烘烤可减轻劳动强度,降低烘烤成本,同时实现节能环保.     

扶贫开发规划的编制程序分析简

制定扶贫开发规划是国家扶贫政策与贫困区域实际紧密结合的过程。扶贫开发规划编制流程包括前期的调研分析、规划讨论稿起草、规划的评价论证、规划修改完善等步骤。梳理扶贫开发规划的编制流程,对进一步推进扶贫开发规划工作规范化、科学性有重要意义。     

农用水泵轴断裂故障分析与工艺改进

农用水泵轴在使用过程中部分出现早期断裂,为了找出水泵轴早期断裂的原因,采用直读光谱仪、扫描电镜、金相显微镜、布氏硬度计和冲击试验机等仪器对断轴的化学成分、宏观断口、显微组织、硬度及冲击功进行了综合分析。分析结果认为,结构设计不合理,表面氧化脱碳以及水泵断轴显微组织存在呈魏氏组织形态的铁素体是导致水泵轴在服役时早期疲劳断裂的主要原因。按照分析的结论,通过增大轴肩处预留圆角尺寸,采用水泵轴热处理炉内气氛保护及提高水泵轴淬火加热温度与冷却速度等改进和优化生产工艺的方法,解决了水泵轴在使用过程中出现早期断裂的问题。该文对提高农业机械产品质量控制和水泵关键零件设计与加工具有重要的参考价值。     

船用喷水推进器内部流动特性分析

为了解航速对船用喷水推进器内部流动特性的影响,以轴流式喷水推进器为研究对象,基于ANSYS-CFX软件,采用N-S基本方程和标准k-ε湍流模型,对以额定转速5500 r/min以及不同航速条件下的喷水推进器进行全流域定常数值模拟,得到了不同航速下喷水推进器叶轮叶片在不同切面上的压力载荷情况,各个过流部件上的湍动能变化规...     

北京地区太阳能、空气源热泵、发电余热联合沼气工程增温系统研究

为了解决北京地区大中型沼气工程增温问题,文章结合北京地区气候特点,构建了一套太阳能、空气源热泵、发电余热联合沼气增温系统,阐述了系统设计的原理,计算和分析了发酵罐的热负荷、太阳能集热器集热量、空气源热泵供热量、沼气发电余热量和系统的经济性。结果表明:3种联合增温系统的作用下料液的温度能够一直维持在(37℃±1℃)范围内,在中温厌氧发酵范围内产气也达到最佳,取得了良好的试验效果。沼气工程全年月平均热量损失为7325.0 MJ,太阳能、空气源热泵、发电余热联合沼气增温系统月平均产热量为7464.1 MJ,可以完全满足工程的热量需要,保证整个系统稳定运行。同时也具有良好的经济效益性,对今后在北京的大中型沼气工程中具有一定的的参考意义。     

旋流泵菜籽-水两相流浓度特性实验与流场数值模拟

为探索旋流泵固液两相流内部流场及变浓度输送特性,分析了旋流泵固液两相流动基本原理及其特点。在32WB8-12型样机上完成输送清水及菜籽体积分数CV分别为6%、10%的外特性实验,得出泵流量-扬程、流量-轴功率、流量-效率和流量-临界汽蚀余量性能曲线。采用Mixture多相流模型及RNG k-ε湍流模型,对旋流泵在清水最优工况流量qv=9. 31 m~3/h下输送菜籽固液两相流流场进行了数值模拟,求解采用SIMPLE算法,得到3个轴面静压、速度矢量和固粒体积分数分布图。通过对比分析,数值模拟准确性得到了验证。综合分析了泵外特性变化与内部流场之间的定性因果关系,并提出了两相流泵优化设计改进措施。