玉黄金对春玉米茎秆显微结构及抗折强度的影响

【目的】研究化控剂(30%胺鲜酯·乙烯利水剂以下称玉黄金)对春玉米茎秆显微结构及抗折强度的影响。【方法】选取京农科728和金农738为材料,测定不同种植密度下喷施玉黄金后春玉米茎秆抗折强度,利用光学显微镜观察其茎节的显微结构,对维管束各项显微结构与茎秆抗折强度进行相关分析及通径分析。【结果】维管束数目对茎秆抗折强度的直接影响最大,且呈极显著负相关为-0.760;与木质部面积呈极显著正相关为0.970;与单个维管束平均面积、维管束最大直径和表皮细胞厚呈显著正相关分别为0.661、0.659和0.632。【结论】京农科728和金农738在不同种植密度下,喷施浓度为200 mg/L的玉黄金后茎秆单位面积内维管束数目减少、表皮厚度增厚、维管束最大直径最大、抗折强度提高,抗倒性增强。     

达氏鳇外周血细胞的形态学研究

利用光镜和透射电镜技术研究达氏鳇(Kalugaa,Huso dauricus)外周血细胞的显微和超微结构、分类和计数。结果表明,在外周血细胞中可区分出红细胞、单核细胞、大淋巴细胞、小淋巴细胞、粒细胞和血栓细胞。红细胞卵圆形,大小为(11.22±0.56)μm×(7.92±1.01)μm;细胞质内可见到线粒体;单核细胞为圆形,大小为(10.55±1.61)μm×(9.38±2.04)μm;胞质内空泡较多,有的直接与细胞外相通;大淋巴细胞有指状胞凸,大小为(8.09±1.14)μm×(7.22±1.65)μm;小淋巴细胞有伪足样胞凸,大小为(7.22±1.35)μm×(6.31±1.24)μm;血栓细胞圆形,大小为(4.82±0.68)μm×(4.03±0.81)μm;核质比较大,未发现任何细胞器。嗜中性粒细胞的大小为(11.84±1.38)μm×(10.34±1.31)μm,含有多种形态的细胞核及着色和大小不同的颗粒。嗜酸性粒细胞的大小为(11.26±1.35)μm×(10.16±1.29)μm,嗜酸性颗粒数量较多、个体较大。红细胞密度为82.16×104/mm3~106.90×104/mm3,白细胞密度为1.91×104/mm3~4.55×104/mm3。大淋巴细胞、小淋巴细胞、粒细胞和单核细胞所占百分比分别为:0.12%~8.78%、26.35%~107.43%、3.22%~29.42%、0.69%~23.99%;各类血细胞从大到小依次为:粒细胞、单核细胞、红细胞、大淋巴细胞、小淋巴细胞和血栓细胞。     

光镜及扫描电镜下波纹龙虾血淋巴细胞的形态及其分类

光镜及扫描电镜下,研究波纹龙虾血淋巴细胞的组织学结构、形态学特征和数量。根据细胞质中颗粒存在与否,颗粒数量的多少,细胞体积的大小及外部形态,对波纹龙虾的血淋巴细胞进行分类。结果表明,光镜下波纹龙虾的血淋巴细胞有3种类型:无颗粒细胞,小颗粒细胞,大颗粒细胞;这3种血淋巴细胞不是连续发育过程中血淋巴细胞的不同阶段,而是彼此独立的。3种血淋巴细胞的数量占循环血淋巴细胞总量的比例分别为:无颗粒细胞占57.1%,大颗粒细胞占24.9%,小颗粒细胞占18.0%;在扫描电镜下,细胞表面不平,有各种突起,揭示细胞具有活跃的变形运动和吞噬能力。血淋巴细胞形态有球形、卵圆形和椭圆形。     

兰州市安宁区桃畸果病病原鉴定和受害桃芽及果实显微组织观察

试验对兰州市安宁区桃畸果病害的发病原因和受害桃芽及果实组织结构变化进行了研究.结果表明:危害兰州市安宁区桃畸果病的病原为下心瘿螨(Eriophyes catacardiae Keifer);瘿螨对桃芽和果实均产生了很大影响,2010年桃芽受害率为52.9%,2011年为61.9%,严重时高达76%.受害桃芽干瘪瘦小,芽鳞片层数增加1~2层,严重的出现芽体坏死现象;对桃芽显微组织观察发现受害桃芽叶原基受损,严重的无叶原基,失去萌芽能力,在芽体鳞片内侧、苞片及幼叶间可见大量的寄生虫体取食为害;对果实形态及组织观察发现,受害果实表面出现不同程度深绿色凹陷,畸形部位桃毛密度和桃毛长度均高于正常果实;显微切片观察表明,受害果实细胞易于染色,细胞排列紧密,畸形果实细胞小于正常果实,畸形果实细胞直径为58μm,正常果实为102μm.     

一种用于观察木薯显微结构的冰冻切片技术

采用直接包埋法冰冻切片、蔗糖保护法冰冻切片和石蜡切片3种方式对木薯的根、茎、叶等组织进行切片,并在显微镜下观察和拍照。结果表明,在合适的蔗糖浓度下,蔗糖保护法用于木薯不同器官的冰冻切片,可以真实的反映细胞的显微结构,且切片组织完整性和图片清晰度效果良好。     

A study of spring-and autumn-spawned herring (Clupea harengus L.) larvae in the Norwegian Coastal Current during spring 1990

An intensive sampling program for yolk-sac herring larvae and microzooplankton was carried out in the main spawning area of Norwegian spring-spawning herring during March to April 1990 (between 62^o and 63^o30'N) to estimate their hatching period and the abundance of copepod eggs and nauplii. Additional investigations were carried out in the Skagerrak area during January-March and on the Norwegian Shelf in May to study the otolith microstructure of the herring larvae. In May both autumn- and spring-spawned herring larvae were found in the samples from the Norwegian Shelf. They were easily distinguished by differences in otolith microstructure. The pattern in increment widths in the otoliths of the autumn-spawned larvae indicated that these larvae had not been transported through the Skagerrak area, but more likely were carried directly from the northern North Sea across the Norwegian Trench and into the Norwegian Coastal Current system. The calculated hatching of the spring-spawned larvae sampled in May occurred significantly later than the observed hatching over the spawning grounds. The results suggest a mismatch between the abundance of first-feeding herring larvae and their prey organisms, resulting in a higher survival of those herring larvae hatching during the latest part of the spawning period. This coincides with a general increase towards the middle of April in the abundance of prey organisms, from 1 to 4 1^_1. There were no differences in otolith microstructure among spring-spawned herring larvae sampled on the shelf in May, indicating that these larvae originated from the same cohort and were well mixed throughout the whole shelf area.     

解冻方式对羊肉品质及微观结构的影响

为探究不同解冻方式对羊肉理化品质和微观结构的影响,本研究将冻结的羊半膜肌及背最长肌分别采用室温空气解冻、静水解冻、冷藏解冻、超声波解冻及微波解冻5种方式进行解冻,通过测定相关品质指标,分析各解冻方式对肌肉品质的影响。结果表明,冷藏解冻后羊半膜肌及背最长肌的解冻损失(1.08%、3.10%)、蒸煮损失(21.18%、21.97%)、高铁肌红蛋白含量(36.1%、43.6%)及挥发性盐基氮值(7.02、7.45 mg·100g^-1)均显著低于其他解冻方式(P<0.05),微观结构破坏程度较小;超声波解冻、微波解冻后半膜肌与背最长肌的解冻损失(3.34%、7.01%及7.63%、9.59%)、蒸煮损失(25.54%、26.17%及26.45%、28.46%)高于其他解冻方式(P<0.05);室温空气解冻、静水解冻后两种肌肉的挥发性盐基氮(27.5、21.4及21、23.51 mg·100g^-1)、菌落总数[3.52、3.89及3.46、3.9 lg(CFU·mL^-1)]显著高于其他解冻方式(P<0.05);微波解冻后肌肉纤维发生严重卷曲和断裂。综上,冷藏解冻的羊肉品质较好,这为实际生产中冻结羊肉的解冻方式选择提供了理论依据。     

人工冻土融沉特性及融土微观结构研究综述

人工冻结法在地铁建设中的大量应用,使得施工后融沉控制成为亟待解决的问题。论述人工冻土融沉特性、融土特性、常温土微观结构和冻融土微观结构的国内外研究现状。基于前人的研究成果,指出有关融土微观结构与融沉关系的研究尚属空白,并提出,融土微观结构与融沉关系的研究和以微观结构特征来表征宏观融沉特性是未来冻融土微观结构的研究方向。     

合成条件对LiMn2O4微观结构及电化学性能的影响

探讨了热处理制度中合成温度，保温时间及原料中Ｍｎ／Ｌｉ摩尔比诸因素对ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４和结构和电性能的影响，为制备性能优良的ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４材料提供了理论依据。     

Materials Hydrogen Storage V3TiNi0.56Al0.2 by Self-propagating High-temperature synthesis

With the help of the calculation of adiabatic temperature and thermodynamic analysis of the reactive system the autaurs discuss possibility about system of V 2O 5-TiO 2-Al by Self-propagating High-temperature synthesis(SHS).Hydrogen Storage V 3TiNi 0.56 Al 0.2 by SHS is studied by XRD,SEM and scanning electron microscopy.The experiment result indicates that it has same microstructure between synthesization by SHS and other ways.PCT curve indicated that alloy has certain hydrogen storage capability,saturated capacity of hydrogen storage is 0.092 L/g,which is a little lower than alloy by other ways.