智能肌肉嫩度计的研制

利用计算机技术和传感器技术对机械式肌肉嫩度计进行了改进设计。用蜡笔及马铃薯对仪器的准确性进行了测试，并用猪肉和鸡肉对仪器的可靠性进行检验。测试结果表明，该仪器测量精度较高，可靠性好。     

灌浆成熟期稻米味度值和RVA谱特性变化动态分析

选用粳稻品种东优9901和长粒香,研究灌浆成熟期稻米味度值和RVA谱特性的变化规律。结果表明,整精米率和味度值是随灌浆成熟期的延长而逐渐增加,达到峰值以后则逐渐下降,呈单峰曲线,不同品种整精米率和味度值达峰值的时间有差异;稻米RVA特性的各参数在灌浆成熟期呈现不同的变化趋势,从整体看,东优9901在灌浆35～40 d时稻米粘特性最佳,而长粒香在灌浆35～45 d时粘特性最好。     

改进的圆盘渗透仪计算模型

圆盘渗透仪是一种目前常用的田间测定土壤导水参数的仪器，利用测量得到的入渗数据，国内外学者推导出了一系列推导土壤导水参数的计算方法。这些方法经过逐步改进，日趋成熟。本研究主要是针对Zhang模型中不能准确估计宏观毛管上升高度的缺点，用Philip的导水率曲线代替Ankeny 等方法的近似公式来改进Zhang模型，用大量的模拟和实验的数据对比分析现有方法和新方法，新方法提供了更精确的估计值。     

多功能水电机组效率测试仪的研究与开发

为了推广应用多功能水轮发电机组效率测试仪，介绍了其装置结构、功能和效率测试数据分析软件系统，并对数值积分的精度和误差分析等问题进行了讨论。该测试仪可用于轴流式和混流式水轮机流速仪法测流和蜗壳差压法测流机组原型效率试验的实时数据采集与处理。实测数据检验表明，该测试仪工作可靠、测试精度高、数据处理准确高效。     

Improving pooled calibration of a rising‐plate meter for estimating herbage mass over a season in cool‐season grass pasture

To construct a new calibration method that combines usability and accuracy for estimating herbage mass from rising‐plate meter readings, we derived four models differing in the way their parameters are related to sampling date and compared their estimation accuracies using cross‐validation. The parameters of the linear regression for each sampling date showed seasonal variations, which had a steep decrease from early April to early June and a gradual increase thereafter. The pooled models were less accurate for estimating herbage mass than a separate model, which had specific parameters for each sampling date (S model). Among the pooled models, however, those in which the parameters were assumed to be linear functions (PL model) or combined functions (PC model) of the sampling date showed substantively improved estimation accuracy compared with the traditional pooled model, in which the parameters were assumed to be fixed throughout the year (PF model). Moreover, at the beginning of the season, the models derived from previous years' data were suggested to be applicable as a practical method. Thus, it can be concluded that these types of pooled calibration could be used as ‘compromise methods’ that combine both accuracy and usability.     

冬油菜叶片SPAD的时空分布和氮素诊断的叶位选择

在大田试验条件下测定分析不同施氮水平冬油菜关键生育期SPAD值的时空分布特征,并对不同叶位及叶片不同部位SPAD值与叶绿素含量、叶片含氮量、植株全氮含量及籽粒产量之间的相关性进行分析,探求应用SPAD仪诊断油菜氮素营养状况的最佳测试叶位及位点。结果表明,油菜主茎顶部4片完全展开叶SPAD值存在显著空间差异,增加施氮量能显著提高各叶位叶SPAD值,同时减少叶位间的差异;六叶期、蕾薹期以顶4叶（TL4）SPAD值对氮素的敏感性最大,初花期和盛花期则最低。不同部位间,六叶期和初花期以中部SPAD值对施氮量增加的响应最敏感,盛花期则最迟钝,蕾薹期介于顶部和基部之间。综合分析认为,应用SPAD仪监测油菜氮素营养状况的最佳测试叶位和位点为主茎顶4片完全展开叶中部,该部位SPAD值与叶绿素含量、叶片含氮量和植株全氮含量之间的相关性均达到显著或极显著水平,满足氮素营养快速诊断的要求。     

智能IC卡预付费燃气表的电控系统设计

设计了一种以 PIC系列单片机为核心的智能 IC卡燃气表的电控系统。并介绍了该系统的控制原理、硬件电路的构成及其实际应用情况     

水稻籽粒淀粉合成关键酶活性与昧度及RVA谱特性相关分析

选用稻米蒸煮食味品质有显著差异的4个粳稻品种，对水稻籽粒淀粉合成关键酶活性与味度值和RVA谱特性关系进行了研究。结果表明，灌浆同一时期的ADPG焦磷酸化酶、可溶性淀粉合成酶、淀粉分支酶等3种酶活性大小，不同品种间有极显著的遗传差异；与劣质品种相比，优质品种灌浆前期3种酶活性低．但灌浆中、后期比劣质品种保持更高水平的酶活性；ADPG焦磷酸化酶、可溶性淀粉合成酶、淀粉分支酶的活性与味度值和RVA谱特性间的相关性质和程度因灌浆时期不同，而发生变化；在整个灌浆过程中，可溶性淀粉合成酶活性与味度值间的相关均不显著，但灌浆前期和中、后期的ADPG焦磷酸化酶和淀粉分支酶的活性与味度值间相关，均达到显著或极显著水平，选择灌浆前期酶活性低或灌浆后期酶活性高的材料，将有利于提高稻米蒸煮食味品质。     

新型气压式精密排种器的试验研究

对最新研制的低压式精密排种器构造、工作原理和工作参数进行了理论分析，试验研究排种盘转速、种子面高度和排种气压变化对排种性能的影响。对排种性能影响的主次因素顺序为排种气压、排种盘转速和种子面高度。在正常工作范围内，种子面高度变化对排种性能综合指标的影响不大。气压式精密排种器，已应用在2BQYF-6A气压式硬茬播种机上。     

EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON STAY-GREEN AND SENESCENT SORGHUM HYBRIDS IN SAND CULTURE

Nitrogen (N) is vital in the production of N containing compounds in cereal crops. Stay-greenness in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is characterized by the plant's ability to retain water and chlorophyll content at maturity. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the genotypic variability between stay-green (BT × 643) and senescent (RT × 7000) hybrids for leaf senescence, dry matter partitioning and N partitioning under three N levels (0.45, 0.90, 1.80 g plant^?1). The stay-green hybrid had a higher percentage green leaf area at 120 DAE with a higher residual N in leaves. The chlorophyll meter (SPAD-502) values for the stay-green hybrid during anthesis (75 and 85 DAE) were higher compared to its senescent counterpart. The results indicated that the expression of stay-green phenotype in sorghum was contingent on a minimum N supply of 1.35 g plant^?1 and associated with greater N acquisition. Nitrogen use and uptake in the stay-green hybrid were higher.