利用节流孔板提高液氨计量表计量准确度的试验研究

液氨计量表示值误差，主要受液氨介质在流经计量表时产生汽化形成气液二相流的影响。作者对研制的液氨计量表在出口处设置节流孔板以建立背压、提高和维持液氨的液相压力、降低示值误差进行了理论分析、试验设计和探索性试验，建立了压力与节流孔径间的函数关系式和压力随节流孔径变化率的函数式。通过对二种介质（水、液氨）的计量试验检测和数据处理分析，得出了影响液氨计量表主要性能指标（示值误差及压力损失）的关键因素的主次、优水平、优水平组合及置信度。     

多维入渗理论在测量土壤水力特性参数中的应用

张力渗透仪是一种根据多维入渗原理进行土壤水分和溶质运移参数原位测量的仪器。介绍了张力渗透仪的测量原理和方法，并用盘源入渗试验得到人工填装土壤的饱和导水率、与土壤渗透仪测定的结果进行了比较，表明利用多维入渗理论所测数据与渗透仅测定结果接近，可用于土壤水分特性参数的测量。     

An integrated hydro-economic modelling framework to evaluate water allocation strategies I: Model development

In this paper an integrated modelling framework for water resources planning and management that can be used to carry out an analysis of alternative policy scenarios for water allocation and use is described. The modelling approach is based on integrating a network allocation model (REALM) and a social Cost Benefit economic model, to evaluate the physical and economic outcomes from alternative water allocation policies in a river basin or sub-basin. From a hydrological perspective, surface and groundwater models were first applied to assess surface and groundwater resource availability. Then an allocation model was applied to reconcile the calculated surface and groundwater resources. From an economic perspective initially the value of water allocated to different uses in each demand centre within the system was estimated. These values were then placed in a social Cost Benefit Analysis to assess the economic consequences of different allocation scenarios over time and space. This approach is useful as it allows policymakers to consider not only the physical dimensions of distributing water, but also the economic consequences associated with it. This model is considered superior to other models as water is increasingly being seen as an economic good that should be allocated according to its value. The framework outlined in this paper was applied to the Musi sub-basin located in the Krishna Basin, India. In applying this framework it was concluded that competition for Musi water is very high, the transfer of water from agriculture to urban users is likely to grow in future and the value of water used in different agricultural zones is very low.     

色差计在检验家具漆膜方面的应用

家具漆膜检验是家具质量检验的重要项目之一,漆膜的分类决定着重金属项目的检验与否。家具漆膜分为清漆和色漆,国家标准规定重金属限量项目仅限于色漆,清漆与色漆的分类方法主要依靠漆膜的外观颜色。色差计是在颜色测量方面比较成熟的仪器,其是以国际照明委员会（CIE）推荐的颜色标准色度系统为测量原理,用数字坐标代表相应的颜色,测量数字坐标在标准色空间的距离,以具体的数值表示颜色的差别,数值越大表示颜色变化越大。这种量化的测量方式在实际操作中方便、快速、准确,避免了由人为视觉产生的误差,并且易于在大范围内推广使用,对检验家具漆膜起到了良好的促进作用。     

浅析自动抄水表系统

自动抄水表系统是利用当代微机技术,数字通讯技术与水表计量技术完满结合,集计量、数据采集、处理于一体,将城市居民用水信息加以综合处理的系统.     

叶绿素仪在棉花氮肥推荐中的研究进展

叶绿素仪(SPAD-502)在监测棉花氮素营养水平和及时提供追肥所需的信息方面有快速、简便、无损的特点,但其精度受到各种因素的影响,总结了不同棉花品种上部叶片的叶绿素SPAD值全生育期变化规律以及叶位、样本量、施氮施磷水平等因素对其精度的影响。提出了通过量化SPAD读数与植株氮含量及衰老程度的关系,明确不同生育时期正常营养状态下的SPAD读数临界值,可提高棉花氮素营养诊断精度。最后进一步提出了运用叶绿素仪进行棉花氮素营养诊断尚需解决的几个问题。     

欧盟法和国标法对食品中苏丹红检测的比较

采用欧盟法和国标法对食品中苏丹红的含量进行了检测,并比较了两种方法的差异。结果表明,欧盟法灵敏度高,粉状样品回收率高,但成本较高;国标法油状样品回收率高,成本低,大部分机构可用此法,但氧化铝活性需要控制适当才不会影响检测结果。     

基于天然可视化气敏材料的猪肉腐败变质检测

食品腐败变质是引起食品安全问题的重要原因之一,为了探索绿色、快速的食品腐败变质检测和监测方法,提出以天然色素为新型气敏材料的气味可视化检测方法。以桃花、映山红、紫薯、黑米为原料,采用无毒无害方式提取其中的天然色素(桃花色素、映山红色素、紫薯色素和黑米色素),并研究了4种天然色素在不同pH值条件下的显色特性;选取对pH值显色敏感的天然色素作为气体敏感材料,固定于基底材料制成可视化传感器;并用于检测猪肉变质过程中产生的气味。结果表明,以天然色素为气敏材料的可视化传感器能够检测食品腐败变质产生的气味。该新型传感器与文献已报道的可视化传感器相比,具有不包含对人体有害的化学成分,检测过程中不会污染检测样本等优点,但应用时应避光。     

Water Supply and Drainage Design of Residential Building

This paper sums up the current situation of water supply and drainage designs of residential building. In accordance with the owner's demands, the problems related to the installation of water meter and water heater, the layout of pipeline, selection of pipe material and engineering measures are discussed respectively. It also points out some problems existed and inquires into the water system design for residential houses in the future.     

Power-theft-preventing Technology for Three-phase Three-element Active Electric Power Meter

Although nowadays there are many electric power measuring methods in china,some of them still have many power theft preventing bugs.To measure big and middle consumers' electric power consumption ,it is hard to prevent consumers from stealing power energy by the means of current which is difficult to be checked up by relevant products and preventing stealing power energy technology, because of using CTs to converting current.The authors especially use the example of the three phase three element active electric power meter, analyses other power theft methods and summarizes the new preventing stealing power energy technology. In accordance with the characteristic of the power measuring and on the basis of the analyzing the right method of resolving the problem,the three phase four wire system power theft preventing device can detect all sorts of stealing ,especially to the stealing by the means of current in time and accutately.This device has acquired good effect in the application of power system.