河北省“猪高热病”主要病原分析

对2006～2009年河北省“猪高热病”的主要病原进行了调查分析。结果表明,猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）、猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型（PCV-2）、猪伪狂犬病毒（PRv）、猪瘟病毒（CSFV）、副猪嗜血杆菌（HPS）、胸膜肺炎放线茵（APP）、链球菌（S．S）、大肠杆菌（E。coli）、沙门氏菌（Sal．）和巴氏杆菌（Pro）的总检出率分别为64．52％、30．27％、11．26％、6．13％、3．10％、2．58％、1．46％、1．11％、1．08％和0．10％。其中高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（HP—PKP．SV）和经典猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（C—PV．P．SV）总检出率分别为60．92％和3．60％。HP—PRIKSV同其他病原体混合感染比较普遍,感染以二重感染、三重感染为主。总之,河北省“猪高热病”的主要致病病原是HP-PRRSV,并多与PCV-2、PRV、CSFV、HPS、APP、E．cold、S．S和Sal．、Pm等病原体中的-种或几种病原混合感染或继发感染-种“综合症候群”型疫病。     

Quantification of reservoir bags as airway pressure-limiting devices in a nonrebreathing system

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of reservoir bag types, volumes and previous use on the peak pressures (Pmax) and the times to develop 30 cmH₂O pressure (P30) within a nonrebreathing system with a closed adjustable pressure-limiting (APL) valve.Study designIn vitro study using three-way factorial design with repeated measure on one factor.SubjectsA total of 75 new anesthesia reservoir bags (five types, three volumes, five bags from each type × volume). The bag types were reusable latex (RL), disposable latex (DL) and three disposable neoprene (DN-1, DN-2 and DN-3).MethodsEach bag was tested three times (treatments): new, after prestretching and 1 week later. The bags were attached to a Bain system and anesthesia machine with closed APL valve and patient port with O₂ flow 2 L minute^–1 until Pmax was reached. The Pmax and time to reach P30 values were determined from recorded pressure traces. General linear mixed model analysis was used to examine the effects of bag type, volume and treatment. One-sided 95% upper prediction limits of Pmax were calculated to test the null hypothesis that predicted Pmax of new bags would be ≥ 50 cmH₂O for each factor combination.ResultsRL bags were the least and DN-3 bags were the most compliant. Prestretching increased compliance in all bag types. Smaller bags of RL, DL and DN-1 were less compliant than larger ones. The predicted Pmax values were < 50 cmH₂O only for DN-3 bags after prestretching. The time to reach P30 was critically low when using 0.5 L bags (median 17 seconds).Conclusions and clinical relevanceTo minimize the risk of barotrauma, highly compliant reservoir bags (e.g. DN-3) are recommended and reusable bags should be avoided. Bags should be prestretched before first use, 0.5 L bags should be avoided and fresh gas flow minimized.     

鲁烟Ⅰ号防治主要蚕病技术的研究

为取代治疗真菌病防僵药物、治疗细菌病抗生素类药物及防治蚕病,笔者研制了蚕业消毒新药——鲁烟Ⅰ号。经中试,鲁烟Ⅰ号对家蚕病毒、真菌、细菌等主要蚕病的病源具有很好的杀灭效果,用鲁烟Ⅰ号作为防治主要蚕病的药物,取代了传统养蚕中的多种药物,用药方便,取得了良好的效果。     

发电机原动系统仿真器程序设计

研制了一种新型的基于80C196KC单片机的原动机仿真系统的软件．对系统中的调速器，利用灵活的单片机的软件去实现其功能，不仅使硬件线路大为简化，并且克服了模拟电路结构复杂、电子元器件容易老化、易受环境温度影响和抗干扰能力差等缺点，提高了整个系统的控制精度、可靠性和稳定性．此外还设置了液晶显示器和人机通讯接口，可将原动机仿真系统的运行参数以数字信号的形式传输到监控系统或者PC机，操作直观、便于监视．微机软件编写采用了模块化，使软件的编写更方便、简单，软件已完全通过调试，达到了预期的效果。     

不同杀菌剂对当归主要病害的防效及经济效益比较

针对甘肃当归病害逐年加重态势, 采用田间随机区组试验, 分析比较70%噁霉灵WP?50%氯溴异氰尿酸WP和80%代森锰锌WP对当归主要病害防效及经济效益, 以期筛选出最佳防控药剂?结果表明:3种杀菌剂均能不同程度防治当归病害, 其中以50%氯溴异氰尿酸WP 1.86 g/L对褐斑病?麻口病防效最佳, 分别为70.38%~78.75%?84.48%~91.04%, 70%噁霉灵WP 0.34 g/L和80%代森锰锌WP 7.92 g/L次之, 对褐斑病防效分别为59.14%~63.72%?58.14%~62.84%, 对麻口病防效分别为78.61%~83.57%?78.97%~83.57%?50%氯溴异氰尿酸WP 1.86 g/L能很好地抑制当归抽薹, 抑制率达58.63%~63.15%?3种杀菌剂均能明显提高当归药材产量构成因子, 以80%代森锰锌WP 7.92 g/L处理增产增收效果最好, 两年平均增产量高达5 559.91 kg/hm2, 平均经济效益为194 136.65元/hm2, 但投入产出比最低, 为1∶480.63?50%氯溴异氰尿酸WP 1.86 g/L对当归病害防效及抽薹抑制率最高, 投入产出比为1∶634.02, 在此基础上综合考虑病害防效和经济效益, 50%氯溴异氰尿酸WP 1.86 g/L可作为生产上防控当归主要病害的主推药剂?     

我国各地区经济实力综合评价研究

介绍了主成分与聚类分析方法原理,以8项经济指标构建了综合反映各地区经济实力的评价体系,分析了经济指标间的关系和影响经济发展的主要因素,并对2006年我国大陆31个省(直辖市、自治区)的经济数据,利用多元统计中的主成分和聚类分析方法,对各地区综合经济实力进行了排序和分类.     

长春市农业产业结构调整与优化的经济学思考

长春市农业产业结构功能尚未充分发挥出来,产生的原因是市场主体－农民、加工企业、中介组织发育不成熟,政府职能、城市建设、科技进步等外在环境有待于改善。调整与优化长春市农业产业结构的关键是培养市场主体,改善外部环境。     

Selection of soybean elite cultivars based on phenotypic and genomic characters related to lodging tolerance

Soybean lodging can result in serious yield reduction. Detecting the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with lodging tolerance for their further application in marker‐assisted selection (MAS) has the potential to enhance soybean breeding efficiency. In this study, a genome‐wide association analysis (GWAS) was performed to identify soybean accessions that could potentially be used to produce lodging‐tolerant varieties, based on the comprehensive evaluation of lodging scores (LS) obtained for the parental cultivar “Tokachi nagaha” and its 137 derived cultivars. Results showed that genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction significantly influenced LS. Of the 31 significant SNPs identified, 22 were consistently detected in two or more environments and 27 SNPs were located in or close to agronomically important QTL mapped by linkage analysis. Best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) of LS tend to decrease with the elite alleles contained by accessions increasing. Some excellent accessions, with lower BLUPs and D_i (stability coefficients) values and more elite alleles, were selected. This study contributed to understand the genetic mechanism of lodging, providing genetic and phenotypic information for MAS.     

杂交粳稻屉优418的特征特性及栽培技术

屉优418是辽宁省农业科学院稻作研究所以理想株型和优势利用相结合,用屉锦A和粳型特异亲和恢复系C418配组选育而成并通过了辽宁省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该组合穗粒优势明显、株型理想、高抗稻瘟病、米质优良、增产潜力大、生态适应性广。到目前为止已在生产上累计推广种植6.6万hm2以上。同时指出了主要栽培技术要点。     

论在会计教学中贯彻主体观念

会计课是一门实务性很强的学科，应创设轻松民主的环境促进主体发展，留出足够的思维构建空间。精讲重点，作好主导，授之以学习之道。