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31.
Wang Xueqin Su Yugang 《保鲜与加工》1992,(1):100-107
According to the principle that the orbit of stator current vector in complerplane should be as close to a circle as possible, the PWM control pattern is derived and determined. The control method is realized by using a micro-computer. 相似文献
32.
充水式潜水电机的热传导和散热方式比较复杂,一般在计算潜水电机温升时,多采用类比法来计算,而类比法计算精度较低,本文采用简化热器法计算潜水电机的温升,经试验证明了该方法较为精确,它可以替代原精度较差的类比法。 相似文献
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Crop tolerance to land submergence is an important criterion for designing a surface drainage system for agricultural lands. This paper collates the available data from various places in India related to the studies on the submergence tolerance of crops. The paper hypothesizes that a piecewise linear model could be used to describe crop response to land submergence. According to this hypothesis, there would be no yield decline for a few initial days of submergence. If submergence continues beyond this period then there would be linear decline in yield. The unknown parameters in the model are: optimum yield, threshold time and the slope which represents the per cent yield reduction per day of additional submergence beyond the threshold.Data in respect of wheat, pigeon peas, cowpeas, pearlmillet, maize and groundnuts indicate that the model describes the data well, although in many cases the threshold is 0.0. The yield reduction varies from 5.3 to 23.2% for each day of submergence beyond the threshold. It appears that to allow for more than 1–2 days of submergence will result in more than 10% reducation in yield of dryfoot crops. For the maize crop, the seedling stage is the most sensitive stage followed by the silking stage. The grain formation stage is the least sensitive, although even at this stage the threshold is 0.0 and yield reduction is 9.3% for each day of submergence beyond the threshold. The data for 9 test crops from Texas and Venezuela were well described by the model. It is concluded that the piecewise linear model is a useful tool for describing submergence tolerance of crops and for working out surface drainage requirements for a given level of yield reduction. Frequency analysis of the daily rainfall data from some selected locations indicates that there is every likelihood of submergence at most of the stations. It is suggested that there is an urgent need for developing wet farming techniques analogous to dry farming techniques. 相似文献
34.
生物柴油技术发展现状及其产业化方向的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了生物柴油技术在国内外的发展现状,重点阐述生物柴油制取技术的突破和最新进展,生物柴油自身理化特性的研究和国家标准的制定,生物柴油对汽车动力性、经济性及排放性能的积极和消极影响。另外,对生物柴油在中国的产业化发展方向上提出几点看法。 相似文献
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基于改进PSO算法的电机控制系统PID参数优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
粒子群算法(PSO,Particle Swarm Optimization)作为一种新型的随机优化方法,其算法结构简单,鲁棒性强,在组合优化和自适应控制等领域的非线性优化中有着广泛的应用前景.为此,提出一种改进的PSO优化算法,并将该算法应用于电机控制系统的PID参数优化设计.仿真结果表明,利用改进PSO算法优化的PID参数能有效改善控制系统的性能指标. 相似文献
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39.
周新国 《中国农村水利水电》1997,(10):11-13
文中应用线性回归法,对一次阶梯流量井流试验数据进行适当交换后,可得回归直线方程,与目前采用的多次阶梯流量井流试验数据的分析相比较,在同样可以得到井流实验欲求的井损系数C,综合参数和含水层导水系数T三个参数的情况下,至少可以使抽水量的变化次数减少两次。实际算例表明,一次阶梯流量井流与多次阶梯流量法的计算结果非常吻合。 相似文献
40.
Several studies show that organic farming is more profitable than conventional farming. However, in reality not many farmers convert to organic farming. Policy makers and farmers do not have clear insight into factors which hamper or stimulate the conversion to organic farming. The objective of this paper is to develop a dynamic linear programming model to analyse the effects of different limiting factors on the conversion process of farms over time. The model is developed for a typical arable farm in The Netherlands central clay region, and is based on two static liner programming models (conventional and organic). The objective of the model is to maximise the net present value over a 10-year planning horizon. The results of the analysis of a basic scenario show that conversion to organic farming is more profitable than staying conventional. In order to arrive at the actual profitable phase of organic farming, the farmer has to pass through the economically difficult 2-year conversion period. Sensitivity analysis shows that if depreciation is 25% higher than conventional fixed costs due to machinery made superfluous by conversion, conversion is less profitable than staying conventional. Also the availability of hired labour, which can be constrained in peak periods, has a strong effect on the cropping plan and the amount of area converted. Further analysis shows that a slight drop (2%) in organic prices lowers the labour income of the farmer and makes conversion less profitable than conventional farming. For farmers, a minimum labour income can be required to ‘survive’. The analysis shows that constraint on minimum labour income makes stepwise conversion the best way for farmers to overcome economic difficulties during conversion. 相似文献